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L30 - 36 Metabolic pathways

Mer Scott 10 questions

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  1. 1In biochemistry, the term reducing equivalent refers to a chemical species which transfers the [blank_start]equivalent[blank_end] of one electron in redox reactions. Examples of reducing equivalents are: A lone electron (for example in reactions involving metal ions) or a [blank_start]hydrogen[blank_end] atom (consisting of a proton and an [blank_start]electron[blank_end]). Enzymes that catalyse these reactions are often called [blank_start]dehydrogenases[blank_end].
    1. Aequivalent
    2. Bhydrogen
    3. Celectron
    4. Ddehydrogenases
    5. Ekinases
  2. 2NAD+ participates in [blank_start]glycolysis[blank_end] and the citric acid cycle. FAD+ participates in [blank_start]B-oxidation[blank_end] and the citric acid cycle.
    1. Aglycolysis
    2. BB-oxidation
  3. 3Choose the incorrect statement about Coenzyme A.
    1. AIt is derived from pantothenic acid (vitamin B5)
    2. BIt does not carry H+ or electrons
    3. CIt carries acyl groups
    4. DIt has two forms: CoASH when an acyl is attached, AcCoa when no acyl is attached.
  4. 4Choose the incorrect statement about glucose as a fuel.
    1. AEverything can use glucose as a fuel.
    2. BGlucose is essential for red blood cells, which have little cytoplasm.
    3. CGlucose is used in the brain, which cannot use fats.
    4. DGlucose is the favoured fuel for the eye, because vasculature and mitchondria would interfere with light.
  5. 5Choose the incorrect summary of a pathway.
    1. AGlycolysis can be equated to the production of two ATP, two NADH, two H+, and two pyruvates.
    2. BFor each round of beta oxidation (using 2 carbon long segments) you produce an NADH, an FADH, and one acetyl-CoA
    3. CFor each acetyl-CoA/cycle of the CAC, you produce 3 NADH, 3 H+, two FADH2, and one ATP
  6. 6ATP may be generated by:
    1) [blank_start]Substrate level phosphorylation[blank_end] — when ATP synthesis is powered directly from energy from the substrate.
    2) [blank_start]Oxidative phosphorylation[blank_end] — when ATP synthesis is powered indirectly by reduced coenzymes, reduced because of oxidising a substrate.
    1. ASubstrate level phosphorylation
    2. BOxidative phosphorylation
  7. 7The poison 1080 (sodium fluoroacetate) is a very effective inhibitor of the CAC. 1080 is found naturally in the leaves of some poisonous plants. After ingestion it is converted into [blank_start]fluoroacetyl-CoA[blank_end] by cellular enzymes and then into [blank_start]fluorocitrate[blank_end] by citrate synthase. [blank_start]Fluorocitrate[blank_end] is a potent inhibitor of [blank_start]aconitase[blank_end], the enzyme which catalyses the next reaction of the citric acid cycle. Since the aconitase reaction is blocked, the cycle ceases and the animal dies because no ATP is available to maintain body processes.
    1. Afluoroacetyl-CoA
    2. Bfluorocitrate
    3. CFluorocitrate
    4. Daconitase
  8. 8Which equation describes, in general, a transamination reaction?
    1. AGlutamate + α-Keto acid —> α-Ketoglutarate + α-amino acid
    2. BGlutamate + Keto acid —> α-Ketoglutarate + α-amino acid
    3. CGlutamate + α-Keto acid —> α-Ketoglutarate + amino acid
  9. 9For amino acids to be used as fuel, they must be [blank_start]deaminated[blank_end]. The amino group is typically excreted while the carbon skeleton can be used for [blank_start]catabolic or anabolic[blank_end] reactions. There are two methods of deamination.
    The first method of deamination is by [blank_start]release[blank_end] of amino group to solution. An example of this is glutamate deamination catalysed by [blank_start]glutamate dehydrogenase[blank_end].
    The other method is via transamination. This is where an amino acid's amino group is transferred to a keto acid to form, respectively, a ketoglutarate and an amino acid. [blank_start]Pyridoxal[blank_end] phosphate (without an amino group attached) is the coenzyme required for transamination. With an amino group attached it is known as [blank_start]pyridoxamine[blank_end] phosphate.
    1. Adeaminated
    2. Bcatabolic or anabolic
    3. Crelease
    4. Dglutamate dehydrogenase
    5. EPyridoxal
    6. Fpyridoxamine
  10. 10Match the keto acid to the amino acid, to make common pairs. (These all feed directly into metabolic pathways.)
    - Glutamate ⇄ [blank_start]a-ketoglutarate[blank_end]
    - Aspartate ⇄ [blank_start]oxaloacetate[blank_end]
    - Alanine ⇄ [blank_start]pyruvate[blank_end]
    1. Aa-ketoglutarate
    2. Boxaloacetate
    3. Cpyruvate

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Description
BIOC192 (Metabolism) Quiz on L30 - 36 Metabolic pathways, created by Mer Scott on 22/10/2017.
Author
Mer Scott
Language
English
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