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PHSI3011 10-2 Adipose in Metabolism

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PHSI3011 10-2 Adipose in Metabolism
Michael Jardine
Quiz by Michael Jardine, updated more than 1 year ago
Michael Jardine
Created by Michael Jardine almost 9 years ago
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Question 1

Question
Of the 5 cell types of adipose tissue, which are counted as the “stromal vascular fraction”?
Answer
  • Adipocytes
  • Fibroblasts
  • Preadipocytes
  • Vascular endothelial cells
  • Immune cells (e.g. macrophages)

Question 2

Question
What proportion of the volume of adipose tissues is taken up by Adipocytes (as opposed to Fibroblasts, Preadipocytes, Vascular endothelial cells, Immune cells)?
Answer
  • 20%
  • 40%
  • 60%
  • 80%

Question 3

Question
What is the effect of Insulin on each of the following things within Adipose tissue? Glucose uptake: [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Fatty Acid synthesis: [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Fatty Acid storage: [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Protein synthesis: [blank_start]__________[blank_end] Fatty Acid release: [blank_start]__________[blank_end]
Answer
  • Stimulate
  • Inhibit
  • Stimulate
  • Inhibit
  • Stimulate
  • Inhibit
  • Stimulate
  • Inhibit
  • Stimulate
  • Inhibit

Question 4

Question
Adipocytes make triglycerides from which of the following:
Answer
  • Glucose
  • Fatty Acids
  • Cholesterol

Question 5

Question
Adipocytes release adipokines like Leptin. Leptin is an example of which of the following:
Answer
  • Lipids
  • Hormones
  • Peptides
  • Cytokines

Question 6

Question
Adipokines include which of the following:
Answer
  • Lipids
  • Hormones
  • Peptides
  • Cytokines

Question 7

Question
Adipokines have been shows to influence which of the following:
Answer
  • Metabolism
  • Food intake
  • Energy expenditure
  • Inflammation

Question 8

Question
True or false: Adipokines are secreted from adipocytes, but can also be secreted from other sites.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 9

Question
Which gene is missing in the obese “OB” mouse?
Answer
  • Leptin
  • Adiponectin
  • GLUT4

Question 10

Question
Leptin is released from the adipose tissue, then communicates with the [blank_start]__________[blank_end] to [blank_start]__________[blank_end]/[blank_start]__________[blank_end].
Answer
  • Hypothalamus
  • Hippocampus
  • SUPPRESS energy intake
  • INCREASE energy intake
  • SUPPRESS energy expenditure
  • INCREASE energy expenditure

Question 11

Question
True or false: Most obese people are Leptin-deficient.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
Define Lipodystrophy:
Answer
  • LACK of fat (in adipose tissue)
  • EXCESS of fat (in adipose tissue)
  • DISRUPTION of function of fat (in adipose tissue)
  • EXCESSIVE function of fat (in adipose tissue)

Question 13

Question
Leptin is a key hormone released from adipose tissue and is involved in [blank_start]__________[blank_end] metabolism in the WHOLE BODY.
Answer
  • Glucose
  • Lipid
  • Neither
  • Both

Question 14

Question
True or false: Leptin therapy is a promising mode of treatment for most obese patients.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 15

Question
True or false: Leptin therapy is a promising mode of treatment for patients with Type 1 Diabetes.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 16

Question
True or false: Leptin therapy is a promising mode of treatment for patients with Type 2 Diabetes.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 17

Question
The adipokine Adiponectin is one of the most highly secreted proteins in our blood. Its secretion is generally [blank_start]__________[blank_end] in obesity.
Answer
  • Reduced
  • Increased
  • Unaffected

Question 18

Question
[blank_start]__________[blank_end] acts to stimulate AMP-kinase to increase β-oxidation [and] increase glucose uptake into the cell.
Answer
  • Adiponectin
  • Leptin
  • Both of the above
  • Neither of the above

Question 19

Question
True or false: In addition to being stimulated by some adipokines, AMP-kinase is also regulated by exercise, to stimulate energy expenditure within a cell.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 20

Question
Hypertrophy vs Hyperplasia (with a view on adipocytes) Hypertrophy = increase in [blank_start]__________[blank_end]; Hyperplasia = increase in [blank_start]__________[blank_end].
Answer
  • Size
  • Number

Question 21

Question
True or false: Ectopic Lipid Accumulation is the “spill over” when adipocytes reach saturation and lipids start getting into other tissues (e.g. muscle, liver) where it causes metabolic dysfunction.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 22

Question
True or false: Lipodystrophy is the “spill over” when adipocytes reach saturation and lipids start getting into other tissues (e.g. muscle, liver) where it causes metabolic dysfunction.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 23

Question
Which of the two distributions are more strongly associated with metabolic disease? “Android” distribution – more around the upper body; “Gynoid” distribution – more around the lower body.
Answer
  • Gynoid
  • Android

Question 24

Question
True or false: BMI = Body Mass Index; WHR = Waist-Hip Ratio
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
Someone with a higher upper-body fat distribution will need to __________ in order to maintain homeostasis.
Answer
  • Secrete MORE insulin
  • Secrete LESS insulin
  • Absorb MORE insulin
  • Absorb LESS insulin

Question 26

Question
True or false: Chronic inflammation often correlates with obesity because there’s increased migration of macrophages into the ADIPOSE tissue.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
Which of the following are associated with [adipose] hypertrophy and [adipose] hyperplasia?
Answer
  • Hypoxia
  • Fibrosis
  • Inflammation
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