Ch 3 The Cell

1. 1Check all that apply to the Cell Theory.

   1. AThe cell is the most basic unit of life
   2. BThe wellness of an organism depends on the individual activities of its cells
   3. CThe wellness of an organism depends on the combined activities of its cells
   4. DThe structure and function are complementary
   5. EThe biochemical functions of cells are dictated by the shape of the cell
   6. FThe biochemical structures of cells are dictated by the shape of the cell
   7. GThe continuity of life has a cellular basis
   8. HCells can be produced from other pre-existing cells or artificially
   9. ICells can only be produced from other pre-existing cells
2. 2Cell components dictate the [blank_start]________________[blank_end].

   1. Afunction
3. 3Mark all of the basic components of the human cells.

   1. APlasma Membrane
   2. BPhospholipids
   3. CGlycoproteins
   4. DCytoplasm
   5. ENucleus
   6. FCarbohydrates
4. 4All cells are free and not attached to anything.

   1. ATrue
   2. BFalse
5. 5Check all characteristics of Tight Junctions.

   1. AMembranes between cells that will completely fuse together
   2. BMembranes between cells that fuse together, but have some openings nearby
   3. CPrevent substances from entering and/or leaving
   4. DUsed for structural reinforcement
   5. EMainly located in cardiac muscle cells
   6. FGives way or breaks apart to reduce tearing
6. 6Check all characteristics of Desmosomes.

   1. AContains enzymes to digest lipids and alcohol
   2. BContains enzymes that contains enzymes to break down most substances except for lipids and alcohol
   3. CReleased in injured cells for the cell to undergo autolysis
   4. DMainly found in the liver and adipose tissue
   5. EUses detoxifiers such as Oxidase and Catalase
   6. FNone of these choices are for Desmosomes
7. 7[blank_start]_________[blank_end] Junctions will have channels or spaces between the cells so molecules can move between the cells.

   1. AGap
8. 8The cell membrane is [blank_start]________________________[blank_end] permeable.

   1. Aselectively
9. 9[blank_start]_______________________[blank_end] Transport is the process of solutes following the concentration gradient that will not require any energy.
   [blank_start]_______________________[blank_end] Transport is the process of solutes going against the concentration gradient that will require energy.

   1. APassive
   2. BActive
10. 10Which type of transport requires the physical separation of solutes?

    1. ADiffusion
    2. BFacilitated Diffusion
    3. CChannel-Mediated Facilitated Diffusion
    4. DVesicular Transport
    5. EFiltration

11. 11A substance such as water following another substance such as salt into a cell is an example of active transport.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
12. 12Osmosis is the movement of [blank_start]_____________________[blank_end] from an area of [blank_start]_____________[blank_end] concentration to an area of [blank_start]__________[blank_end] concentration.

    1. Awater
    2. Bhigh
    3. Clow
13. 13Osmotic Pressure is the pressure of water that will increase as the concentration of permeable solutes increase.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
14. 14A solution's tonicity will determine the concentration of solutes dissolved in it to determine the direction and extent of . . .
    Mark all that apply to this statement.

    1. AReceptor-Mediated Endocytosis
    2. BExocytosis
    3. CPinocytosis
    4. DPhagocytosis
    5. ETranscytosis
    6. FNone of these choices are correct
15. 15Mark all characteristics of an Isotonic Solution with red blood cells.

    1. AThe solution has created an area where there is an equal amount of solutes on the inside and outside of the red blood cell
    2. BThe red blood cell's shape will not change
    3. CThe red blood cell will crenate
    4. DThe red blood cell will lyse
    5. EThe solution has created an area where there is an area of higher concentration of solutes on the inside of the red blood cell than the outside
    6. FThe solution has created an environment where there is an area of lower concentration of solutes on the inside of the red blood cell than the outside
16. 16Mark all of the characteristics of a Hypotonic Solution with red blood cells.

    1. AThe solution has created an area where there is an equal amount of solutes on the inside and outside of the red blood cells
    2. BThe red blood cell's shape will not change
    3. CThe red blood cells will crenate
    4. DThe red blood cell will lyse
    5. EThe solution has created an area where the solute is a higher concentration of solutes on the outside of the red blood cell than the inside
    6. FThe solution has created an area where the solute is a higher concentration on the inside of the red blood cell than the outside
17. 17Mark all of the characteristics of a Hypertonic Solution with red blood cells.

    1. AThe shape of the red blood cell will not change
    2. BThe red blood cell will lyse
    3. CThe red blood cell will crenate
    4. DThe solution has created an area where the there is a higher concentration of solutes on the inside of the red blood cell than the outside.
    5. EThe solution has created an area where the solute is a higher concentration of solutes on the outside of the red blood cell than the inside
    6. FThe solution has created an area where the solute is an equal amount of solutes on the inside and outside of the red blood cell
18. 18Which of these are types of Active Transport?

    1. APhagocytosis
    2. BPinocytosis
    3. CEndocytosis
    4. DTranscytosis
    5. EReceptor-Mediated Endocytosis
    6. FChannel-Mediated Endocytosis
    7. GCarrier-Mediated Endocytosis
19. 19Which of these processes are performed by Macrophages and white blood cells?

    1. APhagcytosis
    2. BPinocytosis
    3. CReceptor-Mediated Endocytosis
    4. DExocytosis
    5. ETranscytosis
20. 20Which of these processes are performed by secretory vesicles?

    1. AExocytosis
    2. BPhagocytosis
    3. CPinocytosis
    4. DReceptor-Mediated Endocytosis
    5. EChannel-Mediated Endocytosis
21. 21Only muscle and nervous tissue have Resting Membrane Potentials for body movement and responsiveness.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
22. 22The RMP of a muscle cell is approximately [blank_start]____________[blank_end]. (Don't forget to add the unit of measurement)

    1. A-70mV
23. 23What are Glycocalyces (plural for Glycocalyx) involved in?

    1. ACell-Environment Interactions
    2. BDesmosomes
    3. CInclusions
    4. DResting Membrane Potential
24. 24Which of these are functions of CAMs?

    1. AAnchor the cell to the ECM or to each other
    2. BAnchor the cell to the ICM or to each other
    3. CAssist in the movement of cells past one another
    4. DAttract white blood cells to injured or infect areas
    5. EUsed for structural reinforcement
    6. FNone of these are functions for CAMs
    7. GSlow down cells through friction
    8. HDirect cells through the capillary walls
25. 25Which of these are found within the Cytoplasm?

    1. APeroxisomes
    2. BCytosol
    3. CInclusions
    4. DDesmosomes
    5. EGlycocalyx
    6. FChannel Proteins
26. 26[blank_start]___________________[blank_end] are a type of protein molecule that will slow down cells through friction.
    [blank_start]___________________[blank_end] are a type of protein molecule that will direct cells through the capillary walls.

    1. ASelectin
    2. BIntegrin
27. 27Membranous organelles allow for compartmentalizing functions which is crucial to cell functioning.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
28. 28There are various types of cells that could have multiple nuclei or no nucleus at all. Cells such as skeletal muscle are [blank_start]__________________________[blank_end] while red blood cells are [blank_start]________________________[blank_end].

    1. Amultinucleated
    2. Banucleated
29. 29DNA will mostly be found in the nucleus and sometimes in the cytoplasm.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
30. 30How many layers does the nuclear envelope have?

    1. A1
    2. B2
    3. C3
    4. DThere are no membranes in the nuclear envelope
31. 31Where is the site of ribosome production? Pick the BEST answer.

    1. ANucleus
    2. BNucleolus
    3. CRough Endoplasmic Reticulum
    4. DCytoplasm
    5. EMitochondria
32. 32[blank_start]___________[blank_end] will coil around the protein histone.

    1. ADNA
33. 33All organelles have their own DNA, RNA and ribosomes.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
34. 34The [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] portion of the Endoplasmic Reticulum is where protein synthesis and modification take place while [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] portion is where Lipid Synthesis, the conversion of glycogen into glucose, and storage and release of calcium take place

    1. Arough
    2. Bsmooth
35. 35Which of these substances are sent from the ER to the Golgi Apparatus? Mark all that apply.

    1. ACarbohdyrates
    2. BWaste
    3. CNucleic Acids
    4. DPolypeptides
    5. EProteins
36. 36[blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] are organelles that have two main detoxifiers. [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] will use oxygen to convert toxin into Hydrogen Peroxide and [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] will turn Hydrogen Peroxide into water.

    1. APeroxisomes
    2. BOxidase
    3. CCatalase
37. 37Mark all organelles that have a membrane.

    1. ALysosomes
    2. BPeroxisomes
    3. CVesicles
    4. DGolgi Apparatus
    5. ERough Endoplasmic Reticulum
    6. FSmooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
38. 38Which organelle is composed of protein and RNA?

    1. AVesicles
    2. BGolgi Apparatus
    3. CRibosome
    4. DCentrioles
39. 39[blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] is the non-membranous organelle that is the framework of the cell.

    1. Acytoskeleton
40. 40There are types of the cytoskeleton.
    [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] are composed of tiny rods of actin and contract the muscles.
    [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] are composed of multiple proteins and support the nuclear envelope.
    [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] are composed of hollow tubes of tubulin that maintains the cell's shape.

    1. AMicrofilaments
    2. BIntermediate Filaments
    3. CMicrotubules
41. 41What makes up the cilia and flagella? Pick the BEST answer.

    1. ACytoskeleton
    2. BMicrotubules
    3. CCentrosomes
    4. DPhospholipid Bilayer
    5. EMicrovilli
42. 42There are two major periods in the cell cycle. [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] is where the cell will grow and continue its usual activities while the [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] phase will have the cell divide into two.

    1. Ainterphase
    2. Bmitotic
43. 43Where is the most important checkpoint in the cell cycle found?

    1. AG1 Phase
    2. BG2 Phase
    3. CG0 Phase
    4. DS Phase
44. 44If a cell does not pass a checkpoint, where will it end up? Check all that apply.

    1. AIt will enter the G1 Phase
    2. BIt will enter the G2 Phase
    3. CIt will enter the G0 Phase
    4. DIt will undergo the Apoptosis Pathway
    5. EIt will undergo Crenation
    6. FIt will undergo Lysis
    7. GIt will undergo cytokinesis
45. 45Which of these cells do not divide? Check all that apply.

    1. ACardiac Cells
    2. BNerve Cells
    3. CBlood Cells
    4. DBone Cells
    5. EEpithelial Cells
46. 46Which of these belong in the Mitotic Phase? Check all that apply.

    1. AInterphase
    2. BCytokinesis
    3. CProphase
    4. DMetaphase
    5. ETelophase
    6. FAnaphase
    7. GAll of these belong in the Mitotic Phase
47. 47During [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end], the chromatin will condense into sister chromatids that are held together by a [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] as the nuclear envelope begins to break down.

    1. AEarly Prophase
    2. Bcentromere
48. 48During [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end], the nuclear envelope will completely break apart while the spindle fibers will attach and begin to pull the [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] to the equator of the cell.
    

    1. ALate Prophase
    2. Bsister chromatids
49. 49During [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end], the [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] will align perfectly on the equator of the cell aka [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end].

    1. Ametaphase
    2. Bsister chromatids
    3. Cmetaphase plate
50. 50Which phase of Mitosis is the shortest phase?

    1. AProphase
    2. BMetaphase
    3. CAnaphase
    4. DTelophase
    5. ECytokinesis
    6. FInterphase
51. 51Check all events that occur in Telophase.

    1. AThe mitotic spindles will disappear
    2. BThe daughter chromosomes will uncoil
    3. CThe chromatin will condense into sister chromatids
    4. DThe sister chromatids are pulled apart to become daughter chromosomes
    5. EThe daughter chromosomes will stop moving
    6. FThe nucleus will become visible
    7. GThe cleavage furrow will form
52. 52There are 3 steps to the Transcription Process of Protein Synthesis.
    The first step is [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end], where the enzyme [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] will begin making fragments from the DNA strands.
    The second step is [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end], where the fragments will then combine together and form the [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end].
    The third step is [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end], where the process is stopped after the product has been formed.

    1. AInitiation
    2. BRNA Polymerase
    3. CElongation
    4. DmRNA
    5. ETermination
53. 53There are 3 steps to the [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] process of Protein Synthesis that occurs in the cytoplasm where [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] is read and used to produce polypeptides aka [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end].
    The first step [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end], is where the organelles known as [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] will combine with the [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] in the cytoplasm.
    The second step [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end], is where the [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] will gather [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] throughout the cell and bind them to the [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end].
    The third step [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] is where the process is stopped once the [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] has been completed.
    

    1. ATranslation
    2. BmRNA
    3. CProteins
    4. DInitiation
    5. Eribosomes
    6. FmRNA
    7. GElongation
    8. HtRNA
    9. Iamino acids
    10. Jribosome
    11. KTermination
    12. Lprotein
54. 54Genes are a segment of [blank_start]_____________________[blank_end].

    1. ADNA
55. 55Continuous exercise will result in the muscle tissue undergoing [blank_start]_____________________[blank_end]. If one were to suddenly stop this exercise and perform little to no physical activities at all, those same muscle cells will under go [blank_start]_____________________[blank_end].

    1. Ahypertrophy
    2. Batrophy
56. 56[blank_start]_______________________[blank_end] is the process where more cells are produce than normal.

    1. Ahyperplasia
57. 57The enzyme [blank_start]_____________________[blank_end] will unwind the DNA helices while the enzyme [blank_start]_____________________[blank_end] will ensure that the strands of DNA don't become overtwisted.

    1. ADNA Helicase
    2. BTopoisomerase
58. 58The enzyme [blank_start]_____________________[blank_end] will combine nucleotides together in order to form the [blank_start]_____________________[blank_end] fragments.

    1. ADNA Polymerase
    2. BOkazaki
59. 59The lagging strand is the strand of DNA that will receive the Okazaki fragments while the Leading Strand will undergo continuous elongation.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
60. 60Which enzyme will combine the fragments together in order to form a new strand of DNA?

    1. ADNA Ligase
    2. BDNA Polymerase
    3. CDNA Helicase
    4. DDNA Topoisomerase
61. 61In DNA Replication, primers will bind to a strand of DNA in a 3" to 5" direction.

    1. ATrue
    2. BFalse
62. 62Microvilli will appear on cells in order to [blank_start]_________________________[blank_end] the surface area.

    1. Aincrease
    2. Bdecrease
63. 63Which of these will "fringe" on the surface of certain cells which will beat back and forth in an effort to propel the cell forward?

    1. AFlagellum
    2. BCilia
    3. CCytoskeleton
    4. DTransport Proteins

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Quiz on Ch 3 The Cell Quiz, created by Michael Lu on 18/09/2018.

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