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Cell bio test 2.0
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Questions in this quiz (68)
1List the general functions of the plasma membrane
Physical isolation [blank_start]regulation[blank_end] of exchange with the [blank_start]environment[blank_end] sensitivity to the environment and [blank_start]structural[blank_end] support.- Aregulation
- Benvironment
- Cstructural
2Identify the components of the plasma membrane that allow it to carry out its function.
membrane [blank_start]lipids[blank_end], membrane proteins, and [blank_start]membrane[blank_end] carbohydrates.- Alipids
- Bmembrane
3Which component if the plasma membrane is primarily responsible for the membranes ability to form a physical barrier between the calls internal and external environments
the [blank_start]phospholipid[blank_end] bi layer of the [blank_start]plasma[blank_end] membrane- Aphospholipid
- Bplasma
4Channel proteins is a type of integral protein that allows water, ions, and small water soluble to pass through the plasma membrane.
- ATrue
- BFalse
5Explain the difference between the cytoplasm and the cytosol
Cytoplasm is the [blank_start]membrane[blank_end] between the plasma membrane and the [blank_start]nuclear[blank_end] membrane . [blank_start]Cytosol[blank_end] is the fluid portion of the cytoplasm; cytosol is also called [blank_start]intracellular[blank_end] fluid. it is a mixture of water and various dissolved and insouluablematerials, in which the organelles and inclusions are [blank_start]suspended.[blank_end]- Amembrane
- Bnuclear
- CCytosol
- Dintracellular
- Esuspended.
6What are the major differences between cytosol and extracellular fluid?
Cytosol has a [blank_start]higher[blank_end] concentration of potassium ions and [blank_start]suspended[blank_end] proteins, and a [blank_start]lower[blank_end] concentration of sodium ions, than does extracellular fluid. [blank_start]Cytosol[blank_end] also includes small quantities of carbohydrates and [blank_start]large[blank_end] reserves of amino acids and lipids.- Ahigher
- Bsuspended
- Clower
- DCytosol
- Elarge
7Identify the nonmembranous organelles and cite a function of each
[blank_start]centriole[blank_end] - essential for movement of chromosomes during cell divisions
[blank_start]Cilia[blank_end] - movement of materials over cell surface
[blank_start]flagella[blank_end] - propel sperm
[blank_start]Cytoskeleton[blank_end] - strength and support; movement of cellular structures and materials; cell movement
[blank_start]microivilli[blank_end] - increased surface area to facilitate absorption of extracellular materials
[blank_start]proteasomes[blank_end] - breakdown and recycling of intracellular proteins
[blank_start]ribosomes[blank_end] - protein synthesis- Acentriole
- BCilia
- Cflagella
- DCytoskeleton
- Emicroivilli
- Fproteasomes
- Gribosomes
8Identify the membranous organelles and cite their functions
[blank_start]endoplasmic recticulum[blank_end] - synthesis of secretory products; intracellular storage and transport.
[blank_start]smooth ER[blank_end] - lipid and carbohydrates synthesis
[blank_start]Rough ER[blank_end] - modification and packaging of newly synthesized proteins
[blank_start]Golgi apparatus[blank_end] - storage, modification, and packaging of secretory products and lysosomal enzymes.
[blank_start]lysomes[blank_end] - intracellular removal of damaged organelles or pathogens
[blank_start]peroxisomes[blank_end] - neutralization of toxic compounds
[blank_start]mitochondria[blank_end] - production of 95% of the ATP required by the cell- Aendoplasmic recticulum
- Bsmooth ER
- CRough ER
- DGolgi apparatus
- Elysomes
- Fperoxisomes
- Gmitochondria
9Explain why certain cells in the ovaries and testes contain large amounts of smooth endoplasmic recticulum
The [blank_start]SER[blank_end] synthesizes lipids, such as [blank_start]steroids[blank_end]. ovaries and [blank_start]testes[blank_end] produce large amounts of steroid hormones, which are [blank_start]lipids[blank_end], and thus need [blank_start]large[blank_end] amounts of SER.- ASER
- Bsteroids
- Ctestes
- Dlipids
- Elarge
10What does the presence of many mitochondria imply about a cells energy requirements?
A [blank_start]large[blank_end] number of [blank_start]mitochondria[blank_end] in a cell indicates a [blank_start]high[blank_end] demand for energy.- Alarge
- Bsmall
- Cmitochondria
- Dhigh
- Elow
11Describe the contents and structure of the nucleus.
the [blank_start]nucleus[blank_end] is a cellular [blank_start]organelle[blank_end] that contains DNA,RNA,Enzymes,and proteins. The nuclear [blank_start]envelope[blank_end] is a double membrane that [blank_start]surrounds[blank_end] the nucleolus; the perinuclear space is the [blank_start]region[blank_end] between this soluble membrane. nuclear pores enable chemical [blank_start]communication[blank_end] between the nucleolus and the cytosol.- Anucleus
- Borganelle
- Cenvelope
- Dsurrounds
- Eregion
- Fcommunication
12What is a gene?
A [blank_start]portion[blank_end] of a DNA [blank_start]strand[blank_end] that functions as a [blank_start]hereditary[blank_end] unit.- Aportion
- Bstrand
- Chereditary
13Define gene activation
The process of [blank_start]uncoiling[blank_end] the segment of DNA containing the [blank_start]nucleotide[blank_end] sequence of that gene, and [blank_start]temporarily[blank_end] removing nistones, so that the [blank_start]gene[blank_end] can affect the cell.- Auncoiling
- Bnucleotide
- Ctemporarily
- Dgene
14Describe transcription and translation
[blank_start]Transcription[blank_end] is the synthesis of RNA from a DNA template
[blank_start]Translation[blank_end] uses the information from and mRNA strand to form a linear chain of amino acids, or protein.- ATranscription
- BTranslation
15What process would be affected by the lack of the enzyme RNA polymerase?
A cell that [blank_start]lacked[blank_end] the enzyme RNA [blank_start]polymerase[blank_end] would not be able to [blank_start]transcribe[blank_end] RNA from DNA- Alacked
- Bpolymerase
- Ctranscribe
16What is meant by the term selectively permeable when referring to a plasma membrane.
it allows the [blank_start]passage[blank_end] of some substances and [blank_start]restricts[blank_end] the passage of others. it lies between 2 [blank_start]enzymes[blank_end]: [blank_start]impermeable[blank_end], which allows no substances to pass, and freely [blank_start]permeable[blank_end], which permits the passage of any substance.- Apassage
- Brestricts
- Cenzymes
- Dimpermeable
- Epermeable
17Define diffusion
The passive movement of a [blank_start]substance[blank_end] from an area [blank_start]higher[blank_end] concentration to an area of [blank_start]lower[blank_end] concentration. Diffusion proceeds until the concentration [blank_start]gradient[blank_end] is eliminated.- Asubstance
- Bhigher
- Clower
- Dgradient
18what are 5 factors that influence the diffusion of substances in the body.
- Adistance
- Bion or molecule size
- Ctemperature
- Dconcentration gradient
- Eelectrical forces
- Fall of the above
19How would a decrease in the concentration of oxygen in the lungs affect the diffusion of oxygen into the blood?
[blank_start]Oxygen[blank_end] would [blank_start]diffuse[blank_end] more slowly into the [blank_start]blood[blank_end].- Adiffuse
- BOxygen
- Cblood
20Which of the following is a membranous organelle?
- ACentriole
- BCilia
- CCytoskeleton
- Dmicrovilli
- EProteasome
- FRibosome
- GLysosome
21The genetically controlled death of cells is called?
- ADifferentiation
- BReplication
- CApoptosis
- DMetastasis
22Which of the following is not a major function of the endoplasmic recticulum?
- ASynthesis of nucleic acids
- Bstorage of absorbed or synthesized molecules
- Ctransport materials
- Ddetoxification of drugs or toxins
23If a cell lacked ribosomes, it would not be able to ____?
- Amove
- Bsynthesize proteins
- CProduce DNA
- DMetabolize sugar
- EDivide
24Define growth factor, and identify several growth factors that affect cell division
[blank_start]natural[blank_end] substance, such as [blank_start]peptide[blank_end] or hormone, that can [blank_start]stimulate[blank_end] the division of specific cell types.
[blank_start]Growth[blank_end] factors include [blank_start]M-phase[blank_end] promoting factor, growth hormone, prolactin, fibroblast growth factor, Nerve growth factor, epidermal growth factor, enthropoietin, thymosis, and related compounds and chalones- Anatural
- Bpeptide
- Cstimulate
- DGrowth
- EM-phase
25An illness characterized by mutations that disrupt normal control mechanisms and produce potentially malignant cells is termed Cancer.
- ATrue
- BFalse
26Define metastasis
The spread of [blank_start]cancer[blank_end] cells to distant [blank_start]tissues[blank_end] and organs, leading to the [blank_start]establish[blank_end] meant of secondary tumors.- Acancer
- Btissues
- Cestablish
27A cell is normally manufacturing enough organelles to produce normally.
This [blank_start]cell[blank_end] is likely in [blank_start]G[blank_end] phase of its [blank_start]life[blank_end] cycle- AG
- Blife
- Ccell
28Define mitosis and list its four stages.
[blank_start]mitosis[blank_end] - the essential step in cell division in which a single cell nucleus divides to produce two identical daughter cell nuclei.
four stages
-p[blank_start]rophase[blank_end]
-metaphase[blank_start]-anaphase[blank_end]
-telophase- Amitosis
- Brophase
- C-anaphase
29What would happen if spindal fibers failed to form in a cell during mitosis.
the cell would [blank_start]not[blank_end] be able to [blank_start]separate[blank_end] the chromosomes into [blank_start]two[blank_end] sides.- Anot
- Bseparate
- Ctwo
30Give the biological terms for cellular reproduction and cellular death
- Acell division
- BApoptosis
- Call of above
31What enzymes must be present for DNA replication to proceed normally?
- AHelicases
- BDNA Polymerase
- Cligases
- Dall of above
32Describe interphase and identify stages
[blank_start]interphase[blank_end] - stage in cells life when it [blank_start]performs[blank_end] all its normal functions and if [blank_start]necessary[blank_end] prepares for cell division
stages - G, S, G2, and G0
G0 is not [blank_start]preparing[blank_end] for cell division.- Ainterphase
- Bperforms
- Cnecessary
- Dpreparing
33Phagocytosis is the process where by certain types of white blood cells engulf bacteria.
- ATrue
- BFalse
34What is the membrane potential of a cell and in what units is it expressed?
is the [blank_start]difference[blank_end] in electrical potential that results from the [blank_start]uneven[blank_end] distribution of positive and [blank_start]negative[blank_end] charges across the [blank_start]plasma[blank_end] membrane.- Adifference
- Buneven
- Cnegative
- Dplasma
35If the plasma membrane of a cell were freely permeable to the sodium ions, how would the membrane potential be affected?
more of these [blank_start]positively[blank_end] charged ions would move into the [blank_start]cell[blank_end], and the [blank_start]membrane[blank_end] potential would become less negative.- Apositively
- Bcell
- Cmembrane
36Describe endocytosis
the movement of relatively [blank_start]large[blank_end] columns of a membranous [blank_start]vesicle[blank_end] at the cell [blank_start]surface[blank_end].- Alarge
- Bvesicle
- Csurface
37Describe exocytosis
the [blank_start]ejection[blank_end] of cytoplasm materials by the [blank_start]fusion[blank_end] of a membranous vesicle with the [blank_start]plasma[blank_end] membrane- Aejection
- Bfusion
- Cplasma
38Define osmosis
The [blank_start]diffusion[blank_end] of water across a selectively [blank_start]permeable[blank_end] membrane form one solution to another [blank_start]solution[blank_end] that contains a [blank_start]higher[blank_end] solute concentration.- Adiffusion
- Bpermeable
- Csolution
- Dhigher
39some pediatricians recommend using a 10 percent salt solution as a nasal spray to relieve congestion in infants with stuffy noses. what effect would such a solution have on the cells lining the nasal cavity and why?
it would [blank_start]draw[blank_end] water out of the cells causing the [blank_start]cells[blank_end] to shrink and [blank_start]adding[blank_end] water to the mucus, thereby [blank_start]diluting[blank_end] it and [blank_start]relieving[blank_end] congestion.- Adraw
- Bcells
- Cadding
- Ddiluting
- Erelieving
40Describe the process of carrier- meditated transport
in carrier - mediated transport, integral [blank_start]proteins[blank_end] bind specific ions or [blank_start]organic[blank_end] substances and carry them [blank_start]across[blank_end] the plasma membrane. all forms of carrier mediated transport are [blank_start]specific[blank_end] have saturation limits, and are [blank_start]regulated[blank_end].- Aproteins
- Borganic
- Cacross
- Dspecific
- Eregulated
41Diffusion is important in body fluids because it tends to eliminate local concentration gradients
- ATrue
- BFalse
42microvilli are founds in cells that are actively engaged in absortion.
- ATrue
- BFalse
43when a cell is placed in a hyper tonic solution, the cell will lose water through osmosis. this process results in the crenation of red blood cells.
- ATrue
- BFalse
44Suppose that a DNA segment has the following nucleotide sequence CTC ATA CGA TTC AAG TTA
what would the nucleotide sequence of a complementary mRNA strand have.
[blank_start]GAG VAV GCU AAG VVC AAU[blank_end]- AGAG VAV GCU AAG VVC AAU
45how many amino acids are coded in the DNA segment in the previous question
(GAG VAV GCU AAG VVC AAU)- A1
- B2
- C4
- D6
46The sodium potassium exchange pump is composed of a carrier protein located in the plasma membrane.
- ATrue
- BFalse
47If a cell lacked ribosomes, it would not be able to synthesize proteins.
- ATrue
- BFalse
48List in sequence the phases of the interphase stage of the cell life cycle and briefly describe what happens in each
[blank_start]G0[blank_end]: normal cell functions, nondividing state
[blank_start]G[blank_end]: cell growth, duplication of organelles and protein synthesis
[blank_start]S[blank_end]: DNA replication and synthesis of histones
[blank_start]G2[blank_end]: Protein synthesis- AG0
- BG
- CS
- DG2
49At resting potential the cytoplasmic side of the membrane surface of the cell is slightly negative. and the cell extracellular membrane surface is slightly positive.
- ATrue
- BFalse
50The organelle responsible for a variety of functions centering on the synthesis of lipids and carbohydrates is the smooth endoplasmic recticulum.
- ATrue
- BFalse
51The synthesis of a functional polypeptide using the information in an mRNA stand is translation.
- ATrue
- BFalse
52or somatic cell nuclei contain 23 pairs of chromosomes.
- ATrue
- BFalse
53the movement of water across a membrane from a area of low solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration is known as osmosis.
- ATrue
- BFalse
54the interphase of the cell life cycle is divided into
- AG0
- BG
- CSS
- DG2
- Eall of above
55Differentiation is the development of specific cellular characteristics and functions that are different from those of the original cell.
- ATrue
- BFalse
56[blank_start]Visual[blank_end]
isotonic
hypotinic
hypertonic- AVisual
57The process that transport solid objects such as bacteria into the cell is called phagocytosis
- ATrue
- BFalse
58plasma membrane are said to be selectively permeable.
- ATrue
- BFalse
59sodium ion concentration is high in extracellular fluids, and potassium ion concentration is high in the cytoplasm.
- ATrue
- BFalse
60By what 3 major transport mechanisms do substances get into and out of cells?
- Adiffusion
- Bcarrier mediated transport
- Cvesicular transport
- Dall of above.
61list five important factors that influence diffusion rates
- Adistance
- Bsteepness of the concentration gradient
- Cmolecule size
- Dtemperature
- Eelectrical forces
- Fall of above
62what are the 4 major functions of the endoplasmic recticulum
- Asynthesis of proteins, carbohydrates, and lipids
- Bstorage of absorbed or synthesized molecules
- Ctransport of materials
- Ddetoxification of drugs or toxins
- Eall of above
63what are the 4 concepts that mace up cell theory
- Acells are the building blocks of all plants and animals
- Bcells are produced by the division of preexisting cells
- Ccells are the smallest units that perform all vital physiological functions
- Deach maintains homeostasis at the cellular level.
- Eall of above.
64what are 4 general functions of the plasma membrane
- Aphysical isolation
- Bregulation of exchange with the environment
- Csensitivity
- Dstructural support
- Eall of above
65the primary functions of membrane proteins are receptors, channels, carriers, enzymes, anchors, and identifiers.
- ATrue
- BFalse
66List the stages of mitosis and briefly describe the events that occur in each
[blank_start]prophase[blank_end] - chromatin and chromosomes become visible; centrioles migrate to opposite poles of the cell and spindle fibers develop and the nuclear membrane disintegrates.
[blank_start]metaphase[blank_end] - chromatids attach to spindle fibers and line up along the metaphase plate
[blank_start]Anaphase[blank_end] - chromatids separate and migrate toward opposite poles of the cell
[blank_start]telophase[blank_end] - the nuclear membrane forms; chromosomes disappear as they uncoil back to chromatin and nucleoi appear- Aprophase
- Bmetaphase
- CAnaphase
- Dtelophase
67Cytokinesis is the cytoplasmic movement that separates 2 daughter cells.
- ATrue
- BFalse
68cytokenesis completes the process of cell division the cell cycle.
- ATrue
- BFalse
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- Nursing Quiz on Cell bio test 2.0 , created by Codi Kruse on 26/09/2018.
- Author
- Codi Kruse
- Language
- English
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- History
- Created on 26 Sep 2018 · updated on 26 Sep 2018
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