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Psych 315 Final

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Psychology Quiz on Psych 315 Final, created by Giana Vittoriso on 11/12/2019.
Giana Vittoriso
Quiz by Giana Vittoriso, updated more than 1 year ago
Giana Vittoriso
Created by Giana Vittoriso over 4 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
_______ is the process of self-notes and self-reporting
Answer
  • Introspectionism
  • Behaviorism
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Self Perception

Question 2

Question
______ is only studying what we can observe completely
Answer
  • Observational Psychology
  • Introspectionism
  • Behaviorism
  • Cognitive Psychology

Question 3

Question
___________ uses the experimental methods of psych to study learning how people remember, pay attention, and think.
Answer
  • Experimental Psychology
  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Behaviorism
  • Introspectionism

Question 4

Question
Information Processing Psychology assumes we can explain cognition using the same concepts we use to explain _______
Answer
  • People
  • The stock market
  • Airplanes
  • Computers

Question 5

Question
What concepts from Computer Science have made important contributions to the study of Cognitive Psychology?
Answer
  • Mental Representations
  • Manipulation of Symbols
  • Decisions based on comparisons of represented values.
  • Complex procedures made of sequences of simple operations.
  • Emojis
  • Spontaneous Combustion

Question 6

Question
Inputs are received at ______, can be either excitatory (positive) or inhibitory (negative), those from many different synapses on dendrites are combined to determine _____
Answer
  • dendrites, outputs
  • threshold, inputs
  • Neurotransmitter synapse
  • Dendrites, inputs

Question 7

Question
Output Outputs are all or none: fires only after input reaches ______. Action potential travels full length of axon without losing strength When it reaches end of axon, triggers the release of ______
Answer
  • threshold, neurotransmitters
  • Inputs, outputs
  • threshold, synaptic vesicles
  • potential, neurotransmitters

Question 8

Question
______ vesicles contain neurotransmitter Action potential causes vesicles to fuse with outer membrane and release neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft _______ molecules travel across cleft and attach to receptors on other side.
Answer
  • Synaptic, Neurotransmitter
  • Input, Output
  • Output, Input
  • Neurotransmitter, Synaptic

Question 9

Question
Aphasia is the
Answer
  • Inability to speak
  • Inability to recognize objects
  • Ignoring of some parts of space
  • inability to perceive color

Question 10

Question
Agnosia is the
Answer
  • Inability to speak
  • Inability to recognize objects
  • Ignoring of some parts of space
  • Inability to perceive color

Question 11

Question
Neglect is:
Answer
  • Inability to speak
  • Inability to recognize objects
  • Ignoring of some parts of space
  • Inability to perceive color

Question 12

Question
Achromatopsia is:
Answer
  • Inability to speak
  • Inability to recognize objects
  • Ignoring of some parts of space
  • Inability to perceive color

Question 13

Question
Electroencephalogram (EEG):
Answer
  • Excellent temporal and not as good spatial resolution because electrical signals from several neurons all combined together
  • Shows precise image of brain, shows structure NOT function
  • Excellent temporal and spatial resolution BUT putting electrode through skull

Question 14

Question
X-ray Computer Tomography (CAT)
Answer
  • Shows precise image of brain, shows structure NOT function
  • Excellent temporal and not as good spatial resolution because electrical signals from several neurons all combined together
  • Excellent temporal and spatial resolution BUT putting electrode through skull

Question 15

Question
Single-Cell Recording:
Answer
  • Excellent temporal and spatial resolution BUT putting electrode through skull
  • Excellent temporal and not as good spatial resolution because electrical signals from several neurons all combined together
  • Shows precise image of brain, shows structure NOT function

Question 16

Question
Positron Emission Tomography (PET):
Answer
  • Function NOT structure, okay spatial BAD temporal resolution
  • Structure NOT function, shows map of fat/water
  • Primarily function, measures blood flow

Question 17

Question
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
Answer
  • Function NOT structure, okay spatial BAD temporal resolution
  • Structure NOT function, shows map of fat/water
  • Primarily function, measures blood flow

Question 18

Question
Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
Answer
  • Function NOT structure, okay spatial BAD temporal resolution
  • Structure NOT function, shows map of fat/water
  • Primarily function, measures blood flow

Question 19

Question
Hindbrain:
Answer
  • Heart rhythm, breathing, posture, balance; Cerebellum
  • Coordinating movements, eye movements, auditory info
  • Hypothalamus, limbic system, thalamus, cortex

Question 20

Question
Midbrain
Answer
  • Heart rhythm, breathing, posture, balance; Cerebellum
  • Coordinating movements, eye movements, auditory info
  • Hypothalamus, limbic system, thalamus, cortex

Question 21

Question
Forebrain:
Answer
  • Heart rhythm, breathing, posture, balance; Cerebellum
  • Coordinating movements, eye movements, auditory info
  • Hypothalamus, limbic system, thalamus, cortex

Question 22

Question
Frontal Lobe:
Answer
  • Planning, working memory, motor control
  • Spatial location, manipulating objects, touch
  • Object recognition, LTM, auditory processing
  • Early visual processing

Question 23

Question
Parietal Lobe
Answer
  • Planning, working memory, motor control
  • Spatial location, manipulating objects, touch
  • Object recognition, LTM, auditory processing
  • Early visual processing

Question 24

Question
Temporal Lobe:
Answer
  • Planning, working memory, motor control
  • Spatial location, manipulating objects, touch
  • Object recognition, LTM, auditory processing
  • Early visual processing

Question 25

Question
Occipital Lobe
Answer
  • Planning, working memory, motor control
  • Spatial location, manipulating objects, touch
  • Object recognition, LTM, auditory processing
  • Early visual processing

Question 26

Question
Cones are ______ sensitive to light and there are/is _____ type. More heavily represented in ______
Answer
  • less, three, fovea
  • more, one, periphery
  • more, two, pupil
  • less, five, superior colliculus

Question 27

Question
Rods are ______ sensitive to light and there are/is _____ type. More heavily represented in ______
Answer
  • less, three, fovea
  • more, one, periphery
  • less, two, pupil
  • more, five, superior colliculus

Question 28

Question
Colorblindness is due to:
Answer
  • Which cones are present
  • Injury
  • Which rods are present
  • Because my mom said so

Question 29

Question
Information from one side of the visual field is routed to the _____ side of the brain.
Answer
  • contralateral
  • lateral
  • retinal
  • both

Question 30

Question
The superior colliculus is important for _____ movements
Answer
  • eye
  • hand
  • head
  • toe

Question 31

Question
The axons of the retinal ganglion cells lead from the retina to the________ of the ________
Answer
  • Lateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN), thannalmus
  • Primary Visual Cortex, V1 monocular
  • Cones, forebrain
  • Rods, hypothalamus

Question 32

Question
WHAT Pathway: Object recognition, receives information about color, orientation, form. Damage can cause visual agnosia; Inferotemporal Cortex
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 33

Question
WHERE Pathway: Representing locations of things, includes representation of speed and direction of motion. Damage can cause spatial neglect; Located in the Posterior Parietal Cortex
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 34

Question
The word superiority effect is the data pattern in which research participants are more accurate and more efficient in recognizing letters if the letters appear within [blank_start]word[blank_end] than they are in recognizing letters appearing in [blank_start]isolation[blank_end].
Answer
  • a word
  • isolation
  • nonsense
  • isolation
  • a word
  • nonsense

Question 35

Question
Repetition priming is a pattern of priming that occurs simply because a stimulus is presented [blank_start]a second time[blank_end]
Answer
  • a second time
  • at all
  • for the first time
  • in text

Question 36

Question
A problem with object recognition is:
Answer
  • Distance
  • Orientation
  • Depth
  • Spelling
  • Color

Question 37

Question
Biederman: Recognition-by-Components (RBC) assumes complex shapes are made of combinations of simple shapes, these simple shapes may be recognizable at different orientations. These shapes, known as _______, make up objects.
Answer
  • Geons
  • Klingon
  • Leons
  • Neons

Question 38

Question
The Feature Integration Theory: (Triesman and Gelade) proposes feature differences can be detected in parallel,_______. Different types of features must be combined using _______.
Answer
  • Without attention, with attention
  • With attention, without attention
  • With a little attention, with a lot of attention
  • With a lot of attention, with a little attention

Question 39

Question
Illusory Conjunctions:
Answer
  • Attention is necessary to combine features from different dimensions
  • If features cannot be correctly “bound” by attention, then they may be combined incorrectly
  • Experiment involving black letters and shapes
  • Assumes complex shapes are made of combinations of simple shape
  • Word appears for brief second, then “mask” follows at same position to stop processing of stimulus

Question 40

Question
According to Shiffrin and Schneider (1977), practice can eliminate interference in some tasks. To examine this, they used two different types of mapping. _______ Mapping, in which target-set and distractor-set are not alike (i.e. numbers and letters). _______ Mapping, in which target-set and distractor-set are the same
Answer
  • Consistent, varied
  • Varied, consistent
  • Consistent, interference
  • Interference, consistent

Question 41

Question
Each cognitive task draws on a collection of cognitive resources. When two tasks require the same resources, they:
Answer
  • Interfere with one another
  • Work together
  • Draw from the same resource with no effect
  • Cause the brain to explode

Question 42

Question
Long-term Memory (LTM):
Answer
  • Significantly larger capacity than STM
  • Info can remain in LTM for years
  • Info must be loaded into STM to be recalled
  • One way to get information into Long Term Memory is through rehearsal
  • Significantly smaller capacity than STM
  • Info can remain in LTM forever
  • Info doesn't need the STM to be recalled

Question 43

Question
The recency involves the recall of memory. In recalling,
Answer
  • Words are still in STM, easy to recall. However effect can be weakened by overloading STM (participants count back by 3’s)
  • Words are still in LTM, easy to recall. However effect can be weakened by overloading LTM (participants count back by 3’s)
  • More rehearsal means better recall. A slower presentation of words means a greater effect.
  • Less rehearsal means better recall. A slower presentation of words means a smaller effect.

Question 44

Question
The primacy involves the recall of memory. In recalling,
Answer
  • Words are still in STM, easy to recall. Effect can be weakened by overloading STM (participants count back by 3’s)
  • Words are still in LTM, easy to recall. Effect can be weakened by overloading LTM (participants count back by 3’s)
  • More rehearsal means a better recall. If words are presented more slowly, then effect greater,
  • Less rehearsal means a better recall. If words are presented more slowly, then effect smaller,

Question 45

Question
The phonological buffer is used:
Answer
  • as a passive storage system used for holding a representation of recently heard or self-produced sounds.
  • for storing visual materials such as mental images, in much the same way that the rehearsal loop stores speech-based materials.
  • with the proposal that this term is merely the name for an organized set of activities
  • to set goals, make plans for reaching those goals, and select the steps needed for implementing those plans.

Question 46

Question
What sort of symptoms ailed patient H.M.?
Answer
  • Severe anterograde amnesia,
  • Weak retrograde amnesia after surgery
  • No new explicit long term memories
  • Can carry on a normal conversation
  • Cannot carry on a normal conversation
  • Was able to remember everything prior to injury, but new memories are not retained

Question 47

Question
Damage to the [blank_start]hippocampus[blank_end] and related brain structures impairs ability to form new long-term explicit memories, not working memory or implicit memory.
Answer
  • Hippocampus
  • Hypothalamus
  • Cerebellum
  • Cortex

Question 48

Question
Subjects are generally faster to identify a word as a word if they have seen it recently. As with tachistoscopic reading, not a direct memory test, demonstrates some type of memory. The priming in this is another demonstration of memory without awareness, or implicit memory
Answer
  • Lexical Decision Task
  • Famous Names Test
  • Feature Integration Theory
  • Raven's Progressive Matrices

Question 49

Question
When identifying famous names, subjects often choose unknown names that they saw 24 hours previously. These names sometimes seem familiar, but without any source memory as to where they were seen. Shows the effect of exposure to a stimulus, without asking for explicit memory of the episode in which the stimulus was seen.
Answer
  • Famous Names Test
  • Lexical Decision Task
  • Feature Integration Theory
  • Intelligence Tests

Question 50

Question
According to Collins & Quillian (1969), it takes [blank_start]longer[blank_end] to confirm that a canary is an animal than that a canary is a bird. Possibly because it takes [blank_start]longer[blank_end] to reach in the hierarchy .
Answer
  • longer
  • the same amount of time
  • longer
  • shorter
  • the same amount of time

Question 51

Question
According to Anderson (1974), it takes [blank_start]longer[blank_end] to build up activation when the nodes involved have [blank_start]many[blank_end] connections. This could be due to the Fan Effect: number of connections to a node.
Answer
  • longer
  • shorter
  • the same amount of time
  • many
  • few
  • no

Question 52

Question
According to Barbara Tversky, performance [blank_start]better[blank_end] when subjects can tailor their encoding for the specific type of test.
Answer
  • is better
  • is worse
  • is no different

Question 53

Question
Episodic memory:
Answer
  • Recall of event, recall generally requires a source memory
  • Being reminded of the learning context helps retrieval because the context is encoded along with the learned material
  • When a word seems familiar, but you cannot remember specifically learning/hearing it
  • Produce list of items seen before without examples

Question 54

Question
Syntax is:
Answer
  • Our ability to combine words into sentences.
  • Set of syntactic rules that determine whether a sequence of words is a grammatical sentence
  • If the structure of a sentence can be described by the phrase structure rules, then it is grammatical.
  • All of the above
  • None of the above

Question 55

Question
Broca's Aphasia
Answer
  • Relatively good comprehension, have problems with function words. Severely disrupted production
  • Unable to comprehend speech. Produce speech that is fluent but meaningless.
  • Cannot name objects. May be only certain classes of objects: concrete nouns, abstract nouns, inanimate objects, colors
  • Good hearing, can speak, write, and read. Cannot understand speech

Question 56

Question
Wernicke's Aphasia
Answer
  • Relatively good comprehension, have problems with function words. Severely disrupted production.
  • Unable to comprehend speech. Produce speech that is fluent but meaningless.
  • Cannot name objects. May be only certain classes of objects: concrete nouns, abstract nouns, inanimate objects, colors.
  • Good hearing, can speak, write, and read. Cannot understand speech.

Question 57

Question
Anomia:
Answer
  • Relatively good comprehension, have problems with function words. Severely disrupted production
  • Unable to comprehend speech. Produce speech that is fluent but meaningless.
  • Cannot name objects. May be only certain classes of objects: concrete nouns, abstract nouns, inanimate objects, colors
  • Good hearing, can speak, write, and read. Cannot understand speech

Question 58

Question
Pure Word Deafness
Answer
  • Relatively good comprehension, have problems with function words. Severely disrupted production
  • Unable to comprehend speech. Produce speech that is fluent but meaningless.
  • Cannot name objects. May be only certain classes of objects: concrete nouns, abstract nouns, inanimate objects, colors
  • Good hearing, can speak, write, and read. Cannot understand speech

Question 59

Question
Image scanning done by Stephen Kosslyn found the [blank_start]longer[blank_end] the "distance" scanned in the image, the [blank_start]longer[blank_end] the time before the scan is completed.
Answer
  • longer
  • shorter
  • longer
  • lack of change

Question 60

Question
In tests of mental rotation done by Roger Shepard, reaction time [blank_start]increases[blank_end] with the amount of rotation from the normal orientation.
Answer
  • increases
  • decreases
  • displays no change

Question 61

Question
A propositional, or descriptive, representation has:
Answer
  • a truth value
  • an untrue value
  • a value that cannot be deemed true or false

Question 62

Question
Analog (depictive) Representation is something about form of representation that ______ form of thing it represents.
Answer
  • matches
  • does not match the
  • is a true
  • is an untrue

Question 63

Question
According to Kosslyn, what does imagery rely on?
Answer
  • analog image buffer
  • phonological buffer
  • visual buffer
  • visiospatial buffer

Question 64

Question
When Bisiach & Luzzatti (1979) studied a patient from Milan with left neglect, they found:
Answer
  • They only attended to things on the right visual field
  • They only attended to things on the left visual field
  • Describes only buildings to the right
  • Describes only buildings to the left
  • When switching to the opposite side, they now only describe only buildings on right, which were the buildings previously ignored
  • When switching to the opposite side, they now only describe only buildings on left, which were the buildings previously ignored

Question 65

Question
[blank_start]Availability[blank_end] Heuristic: Strategy for estimating the frequency with which something occurs.
Answer
  • Availability
  • Representativeness
  • Frequency

Question 66

Question
[blank_start]Representativeness[blank_end] Heuristic: Estimate probability that an exemplar belongs in a category by assessing how representative that event is of the appropriate category.
Answer
  • Representativeness
  • Availibility
  • Probability

Question 67

Question
Most people tend to seek [blank_start]confirming[blank_end] evidence rather than [blank_start]disconfirming[blank_end] evidence due to [blank_start]confirmation[blank_end] bias.
Answer
  • confirming
  • disconfirming
  • confirmation
  • disconfirmation
  • disconfirming
  • confirming

Question 68

Question
In functional fixedness, there is a tendency to be rigid in thinking about an object’s function. The problem set is like a heuristic, which helps to reduce options, but may also eliminate possible solutions. What is the key for solving this problem?
Answer
  • Creativity
  • Logic
  • Hill-climbing problem solving
  • Means-end problem solving

Question 69

Question
Wallas (1926) argued that creative thought proceeds in four stages. What are these four stages?
Answer
  • Preparation
  • Incubation
  • Illumination
  • Verification
  • Intelligence
  • Fluid thinking

Question 70

Question
What is general intelligence?
Answer
  • One pervasive measure. Factor analysis: looks for common factors—“ingredients”, reveals a general intelligence factor, or g
  • The ability to deal with new and unusual problems
  • Acquired knowledge, including your verbal knowledge and your experience
  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings

Question 71

Question
What is specialized intelligence?
Answer
  • Each measure is separate
  • Own's emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions
  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings
  • The ability to deal with new and unusual problems

Question 72

Question
What is hierarchical intelligence?
Answer
  • Some aspects are shared across tests
  • Each measure is separate
  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings
  • Own emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions

Question 73

Question
What is fluid intelligence?
Answer
  • The ability to deal with new and unusual problems. Decreases with age.
  • Acquired knowledge, including your verbal knowledge and your experience. Improved with age
  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings
  • Own emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions

Question 74

Question
What is crystallized intelligence?
Answer
  • Acquired knowledge, including your verbal knowledge and your experience. Improved with age
  • The ability to deal with new and unusual problems. Decreases with age.
  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings.
  • Own emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions

Question 75

Question
What is practical intelligence?
Answer
  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings
  • The ability to deal with new and unusual problems
  • Own emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions
  • Acquired knowledge, including your verbal knowledge and your experience

Question 76

Question
What is emotional intelligence?
Answer
  • Intelligence needed in day-to-day settings
  • Own emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions
  • The ability to deal with new and unusual problems
  • One pervasive measure

Question 77

Question
What are some examples of Multiple Inteligences as proposed by Howard Gardner?
Answer
  • psychometric
  • linguistic
  • spatial
  • musical
  • naturalistic
  • tv fun facts
  • food recipes

Question 78

Question
Environment and genetics play the largest role in intelligence.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 79

Question
In the Flynn Effect, intelligence decrease up 3 points per decade and can be genetic
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 80

Question
There are no reliable difference between men and women in their overall IQ scores
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 81

Question
Genetic similarities and economic differences are great for intelligence, leads to stereotype threats.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 82

Question
The word “consciousness” is used to refer to a number of different things such as:
Answer
  • Awareness
  • Thinking
  • Self-consciousness
  • Experience
  • Ability
  • Grades

Question 83

Question
Awareness refers to:
Answer
  • We are aware of some mental events, but not others
  • Solving problems, learning, executing
  • Introspection, mental representation of self
  • What is it like to be conscious? Could your conscious experience be produced by the activity in your brain?

Question 84

Question
Thinking refers to:
Answer
  • We are aware of some mental events, but not others
  • Solving problems, learning, executing
  • Introspection, mental representation of self
  • What is it like to be conscious? Could your conscious experience be produced by the activity in your brain?

Question 85

Question
Self consciousness refers to:
Answer
  • We are aware of some mental events, but not others.
  • Solving problems, learning, executing
  • Introspection, mental representation of self
  • What is it like to be conscious? Could your conscious experience be produced by the activity in your brain?

Question 86

Question
Experience refers to:
Answer
  • We are aware of some mental events, but not others.
  • Solving problems, learning, executing
  • Introspection, mental representation of self
  • What is it like to be conscious? Could your conscious experience be produced by the activity in your brain?

Question 87

Question
A person has damage to primary visual cortex (V1) . Patient claims to be blind in affected area. When forced to guess about visual stimuli, responses more accurate than chance. They have access to visual information that they are unaware of. Even though they are unaware of this information, it can be used to guide their behavior as they avoid obstacles when walking. What does this patient have?
Answer
  • Broca's aphasia
  • Blindsight
  • Achromatopsia
  • Anomia
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