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Exam#2: Ch.10
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Questions in this quiz (44)
1Most drugs that inhibit the synthesis of the cell wall act by
- Adisrupting the formation of the mycolic acid layer of the cell wall.
- Bpreventing the formation of β-lactamases.
- Cpreventing the cross-linkage of NAM subunits.
- Dblocking the secretion of cell wall molecules from the cytoplasm.
- Epreventing the formation of alanine-alanine bridges.
2Which of the following drugs inhibits nucleic acid synthesis specifically in prokaryotes?
- Atetracycline
- B5-fluorocytosine
- Crifampin
- Dactinomycin
- Equinolones
3The antimicrobial polymyxin
- Ablocks a metabolic pathway.
- Binhibits nucleic acid synthesis.
- Cinhibits protein synthesis.
- Ddisrupts cytoplasmic membranes.
- Einhibits cell wall synthesis.
4The most limited group of antimicrobial agents is the __________ drugs.
- Aantiprotozoan
- Bantibacterial
- Cantifungal
- Dantiviral
- Eanthelmintic
5The mechanism of action of sulfonamides is
- Adisruption of cytoplasmic membranes.
- Binhibition of cell wall synthesis.
- Cinhibition of protein synthesis.
- Dinhibition of metabolic pathways.
- Einhibition of nucleic acid synthesis.
6Probiotics
- Aare an alternative to the use of chemotherapy involving microbial antagonism.
- Binvolve the use of extracts from microorganisms.
- Cis a term for resistance to antibiotics.
- Dare an alternative to the use of chemotherapy.
- Einvolve microbial antagonism.
7Paul Erhlich coined the term antibiotics for the "magic bullet" antimicrobials he pursued.
- ATrue
- BFalse
8Disruption of the normal microbiota can result in infections caused by which of the following microbes?
- ACandida albicans
- Bboth Mycobacterium and Clostridium difficile
- CMycobacterium
- DClostridium difficile
- ECandida albicans, Mycobacterium, and Clostridium difficile
9It is inappropriate to prescribe antibacterial agents to treat colds or flu because
- Athese diseases can act synergistically with each other.
- Bthese diseases are transmitted by endospores, which are hard to kill.
- Cthese diseases exhibit cross resistance.
- Dthe microbes involved can develop resistance rapidly.
- Ethese diseases are caused by viruses.
10β-lactamase production is an example of which of the following types of resistance?
- Ainactivation of the drug
- Bremoval of the drug via a pump
- Cchange in the permeability of the drug
- Dalteration of the target of the drug
- Eoverproduction of an enzyme in a key metabolic pathway
11An antimicrobial that inhibits cell wall synthesis will result in which of the following?
- ARibosomes lose their function.
- BThe sterols in the cell wall become nonfunctional.
- CThe replication of cells, including cancer cells, slows down.
- DCells become more susceptible to osmotic pressure.
- ECells cannot attach to their hosts.
12Which of the following drugs specifically targets cell walls that contain arabinogalactan-mycolic acid?
- Abacitracin
- Bmethicillin
- Cisoniazid
- Dpenicillin
- Evancomycin
13The antimicrobials called quinolones act by
- Ainhibiting protein synthesis.
- Binhibiting cell wall synthesis.
- Cinhibiting nucleic acid synthesis.
- Dinhibiting a metabolic pathway.
- Edisrupting cytoplasmic membranes.
14Which of the following statements is true of selective toxicity?
- ATo be effective, an antimicrobial agent must be more toxic to the patient than the pathogen.
- BSelective toxicity takes advantage of structural and/or metabolic differences between host and pathogen.
- CSelective toxicity takes advantage of structural differences between host and pathogen.
- DAntimicrobial agents must target structural differences between host and pathogen and be more toxic to the patient than the pathogen
- ESelective toxicity takes advantage of metabolic differences between host and pathogen.
15Many antimicrobial drugs that affect the cytoplasmic membrane are used only externally because they can be toxic to humans.
- ATrue
- BFalse
16Methicillin is an example of the beta-lactam class of drugs that
- Ainhibit protein synthesis.
- Binhibit metabolic pathways.
- Cdisrupt cytoplasmic membranes.
- Dinhibit cell wall synthesis.
- Einhibit nucleic acid synthesis.
17Beta-lactam drugs act by inhibiting formation of the cytoplasmic membrane.
- ATrue
- BFalse
18Alterations in the structure of which of the following are an important aspect of Gram-negative bacterial resistance to antimicrobial drugs?
- Aribosomes
- Bplasmids
- Ccytoplasmic membrane
- Dporins
- Emitochondria
19Which of the following is a measurement associated with the broth dilution test?
- Alack of turbidity
- Bcell lysis
- Cthe zone of inhibition
- Dpresence of turbidity and cell lysis
- Elack of turbidity and zone of inhibition
20Most broad-spectrum antibiotics act by
- Ainhibiting the synthesis of the cell wall.
- Bdisrupting the cytoplasmic membrane.
- Cinhibiting nucleic acid synthesis.
- Dinhibiting metabolic pathways.
- Einhibiting protein synthesis.
21Which of the following groups of drugs can become incorporated into the bones and teeth of a fetus?
- Atetracyclines
- Bbeta-lactams
- Csulfonamides
- Dquinolones
- Eaminoglycosides
22Which of the following pathways is specifically inhibited by sulfonamides?
- Athe conversion of dihydrofolic acid to PABA
- Bthe conversion of PABA to tetrahydrofolic acid
- Cthe conversion of PABA to dihydrofolic acid
- Dthe conversion of tetrahydrofolic acid to PABA
- Ethe conversion of dihydrofolic acid to tetrahydrofolic acid
23Which of the following statements about the zone of inhibition is FALSE?
- AIt is measured as a diameter.
- BIt is a clearing zone with no growth.
- CIt is measured after incubation.
- DThe larger the zone, the more resistant the organism is.
- EIt is a result of diffusion of the drug out of the paper disk.
24Which of the following interferes with cell wall synthesis by blocking alanine bridge formation?
- Abacitracin
- Bbeta-lactams
- Cboth cycloserine and vancomycin
- Dcycloserine
- Evancomycin
25Ribavirin is an antiviral that interferes with
- Aviral attachment.
- Bcell wall synthesis.
- Ccell membrane component synthesis.
- Dprotein synthesis.
- Enucleic acid synthesis.
26The Etest determines which of the following?
- Aboth susceptibility and MIC
- BMBC
- Csusceptibility
- DMIC
- Eboth MBC and MIC
27Infection of the __________ would be the hardest to treat with antimicrobial drugs.
- Akidneys
- Bheart
- Cliver
- Dcolon
- Ebrain
28Which of the following is a primary advantage of semisynthetic drugs?
- AThey have a broader spectrum of action.
- BThey work faster.
- CThey are less stable and consequently have fewer side effects.
- DThey are not readily absorbed, so they persist longer.
- EThey must be administered intravenously.
29Brain and spinal cord infections are difficult to treat because most antimicrobial drugs cannot diffuse out of the blood into these organs.
- ATrue
- BFalse
30Which of the following antifungals works by inhibiting ergosterol synthesis?
- Aboth fluconazole and turbinafine
- Bnystatin
- Cfluconazole
- Dturbinafine
- Eamphotericin B
31The tetracyclines interfere with
- Afolic acid synthesis.
- Bcell membrane component synthesis.
- Ccell wall synthesis.
- Dprotein synthesis.
- Enucleic acid synthesis.
32Antimicrobials that block protein synthesis by binding to the mRNA are
- Anucleic acid analogs.
- Bbeta-lactams.
- Caminoglycosides.
- Dmacrolides.
- Eantisense nucleic acids.
33Which of the following is NOT a criterion by which all antimicrobial agents can be evaluated?
- Atheir route of administration
- Btheir spectrum of action
- Ctheir efficacy
- Dtheir safety
- Etheir activity against cell walls
34Who discovered the first widely available antibiotic?
- AWaksman
- BEhrlich
- CDomagk
- DFleming
- EEhrlich and Waksman
35Which of the following can result when antibiotic therapy disrupts the normal microbiota?
- Aboth pseudomembranous colitis and thrush
- Bblack hairy tongue
- Cthrush
- Dpseudomembranous colitis
- Eanaphylactic shock
36The mechanism of action of erythromycin is
- Ainhibition of nucleic acid synthesis.
- Binhibition of cell wall synthesis.
- Cinhibition of protein synthesis.
- Dinhibition of a metabolic pathway.
- Edisruption of cytoplasmic membranes.
37Amphotericin B is an antifungal drug that
- Adisrupts cytoplasmic membranes.
- Bblocks a metabolic pathway.
- Cinhibits nucleic acid synthesis.
- Dinhibits protein synthesis.
- Einhibits cell wall synthesis.
38Which of the following antibiotics disrupts cytoplasmic membrane function?
- Aamphotericin B
- Berythromycin
- Ctetracycline
- Dpenicillin
- Estreptomycin
39Because all cells engage in protein synthesis, there are few antimicrobial drugs that selectively inhibit this process.
- ATrue
- BFalse
40Another term for the Kirby-Bauer test is the
- Aminimum bactericidal concentration test.
- Bdiffusion susceptibility test.
- Cminimum inhibitory concentration test.
- DE test.
- Ebroth dilution test.
41If a subculture of an MIC test grows in an MBC test, the concentration of the drug was bactericidal.
- ATrue
- BFalse
42A large percentage of antibiotics and semisynthetic drugs are produced by members of the genus
- AMycobacterium.
- BBacillus.
- CPenicillium.
- DCephalosporium.
- EStreptomyces.
43The outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria enables many antimicrobial drugs to enter the cell more easily.
- ATrue
- BFalse
44Which scientist coined the term antibiotic?
- ADomagk
- BFleming
- CEhrlich
- DKirby
- EWaksman
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- Microbiology Quiz on Exam#2: Ch.10, created by Brey Fure on 19/03/2020.
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- Brey Fure
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- English
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