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STUDY GUIDE EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY MIDTERM
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Questions in this quiz (61)
1The definition of a confirmation bias is:
- Awhat someone has when they are right about a particular topic.
- BCorrect the idea that people pay more attention to information that agrees with their own beliefs
- Cpeople changing/altering facts to make an argument
- DDeceiving others by confirming incorrect information.
2Clinical psychologists should not be concerned with research.
- ATrue
- BFalse
3"""Folk psychology"":" (choose the wrong answer)
- Ais intuitive beliefs about human behavior
- Bcan be inaccurate
- Ccan be accurate
- Dcan be trusted
4The three fundamental features of science are
- Ait involves systematic empiricism
- Bit is concerned with empirical questions
- Cit creates public knowledge
- Dit does not arrives to one true answer
- Eall of the above
5Research in psychology can be described by a simple cyclical model.
- ATrue
- BFalse
6Publication is an essential feature of science because (choose all that apply):
- Aresearchers need to learn from past research
- Bit allows science to be self-correcting
- Cit brings fame to scientists
- Dit is how scientists make a profit
7Examples of pseudoscience include (choose all that apply):
- Abiorhythms
- Bextrasensory perception
- Celectro-convulsive therapy
- Dpast life regression
8All of the following are important steps in the research process (choose all that apply):
- AGenerating a good research question
- BReviewing the research literature
- CConducting an empirical study
- DDiscovering the absolute truth
9applied research Is
- Aaimed at solving practical problems
- Baimed at helping increase knowledge
- Caimed at ruling out negative experiences
- Daimed at repeating the scientific method
10"A treatment that has been studied scientifically and shown to result in better outcomes than no treatment, placebo, or an alternative treatment is called:"
- Aan empirically supported treatment
- Ba standard treatment
- Crelies on clinician intuition
- Dis not the standard of care
11Which of the following often inspire research ideas in psychology (choose all that apply)?
- AInformal observations
- BPractical Problems
- CPrevious Research
- Dan assignment
12An attempt to reproduce a result by performing the exact same experiment with the exact same procedures is a:
- AExtension
- BReplication
- CLaboratory Study
- Dfield study
13"To make inferences about a population, researchers typically only study a small subset of the population, called a sample."
- ATrue
- BFalse
14"All of the following are true of quantitative data, EXCEPT:"
- AThe data can be counted
- BThey are analyzed with statistics
- CThey are collected in many types of research
- Dthe data cannot be counted
15"Demonstrating that as anxiety levels increase, amount of time spent sleeping decreases, is an example of:"
- AA correlational analysis
- Ba between groups comparison
- Ca flawed study
- Dan operation definiton
16"All of the following are important for assessing feasibility of a research study, except:"
- AAccess to participants
- Btime
- Cmoney
- Dinterestingness
17A variable is a quantity or quality that varies across people or situations.
- ATrue
- BFalse
18Comparing the mean score on the Beck Depression Inventory between males and females is and example of:
- ACorrelation is not causation
- Bbetween groups comparison
- Ca flawed study
- Doperation definiton
19"Race, sex, and hair color are categorical variables."
- ATrue
- BFalse
20Laboratory research allows for _________ control over extraneous variables compared to field research.
- Amore
- Bless
21"When measurements taken at different times produce the same result when applied to the same person under the same general conditions, it is referred to as:"
- AInternal Consistency
- BTest-Retest Reliability
- CInter-rater Reliability
- DContent Validity
22Neuroticism is a psychological construct.
- ATrue
- BFalse
23"When evaluating measures, psychologists:"
- AAssume they work
- BEvaluate their reliability
- CEvaluate their validity
- DEvaluate their reliability and validity
24Rank ordering colors is an example of using a/an __________ scale
- ANominal
- BOrdinal
- CInterval
- DRatio
25Measuring temperature in Celsius is an example of a/an __________ scale
- ANominal
- BOrdinal
- CRatio
- DInterval
26Heart rate is a psychological construct.
- ATrue
- BFalse
27Measuring weight in pounds is an example of a/an __________ scale
- ANominal
- BOrdinal
- CInterval
- DRatio
28Categorizing people as male or female is an example of using a/an __________ scale
- ANominal
- BOrdinal
- CInterval
- DRatio
29For a measure to be valid, it should (choose all that apply):
- Abe reliable
- Bcover the construct of interest
- Ccorrelate with expected variables
- DNot correlate with conceptually distinct variables
30"If a measure does not correlate with measures that it is not supposed to, it is said to have:"
- AFace validity
- BContent Validity
- CCriterion Validity
- DDiscriminant Validity
31Randomly assigning subjects to different experimental conditions is an example of a _________ independent variable.
- AManipulated
- BSelected
32It is harder to reach causal conclusions when the independent variable is _________ rather than __________.
- Amanipulated; selected
- Bselected; manipulated
- Cmeasured; counted
- Dcounted; measured
33_______ validity is the extent to which the operational definitions of the independent and dependent variables are valid.
- Ainternal
- Bexternal
- Cstatistic
- Dconstruct
34A confound (choose all that applies):
- Ais a group not given the treatment being evaluated in the study
- Bprovides a means of comparison
- Cis unnecessary for drawing causal conclusions
- Dgets the experimental treatment
35It is easier to reach causal conclusions when the independent variable is _________ rather than __________.
- Amanipulated; selected
- Bselected; manipulated
- Cmeasured; counted
- Dcounted; measured
36Studies with high external validity typically (choose all that apply):
- AOccur in a real world setting
- Binclude participants and situations similar to the ones researchers want to generalize to
- CControl extraneous variables
- Dhave high internal validity
37"When an independent variable is selected, extraneous variables are _____ likely to impact the ability to reach causal conclusions."
- Amore
- Bless
38The main point of an experiment is to look for a causal relationship between variables.
- ATrue
- BFalse
39_______ validity is the extent to which the data have been analyzed properly.
- AInternal
- BExternal
- CStatistical
- DConstruct
40Another name for a within subjects design is:
- Abetween subjects
- Brepeated measures
- Csingle factor
- Dmultifactor
41Matching works best for ______ numbers of subjects.
- Asmall
- Blarge
42A between groups design can be a single factor design.
- ATrue
- BFalse
43Advantages of having more than 2 levels of the independent variable include (choose all that apply):
- Ait's more complicated
- Bthe ability to detect non-linear effects
- Cthe ability to rule out alternative explanations
- Dthe ability to complete more than 2 levels
44A repeated measures design cannot be a single factor design.
- ATrue
- BFalse
45A matched groups design cannot be a single factor design.
- ATrue
- BFalse
46Research designs are described as testing different factors. A factor is a _____________.
- Aindependent variable
- Bdependent variable
- Cmeasure
- Dtest
47_______ is a method used to control for order effects in a within-subject design.
- Amatching
- Brandom assignment
- Ccounterbalancing
- Dsequence effect
48Both random assignment and matching share the goal of spreading potentially confoudning variables evenly among the groups.
- ATrue
- BFalse
49A good rule of thumb is to use __________ in between groups designs if you can.
- Arandom assignment
- Bmatching
50"How would you describe this design: The factors were study time (30 min, 60 min) and noise in room (quiet, loud) on test performance."
- AA 1 x 2 factorial design
- BA 2x2 factorial design
- CA 3x3 factorial design
51An interaction effect is the overall effect of an individual factor.
- ATrue
- BFalse
52A researcher is interested in the effects of talking on a cell phone (talking, not talking) and time of day (day, night) on speed of driving. Use the data in the table below to determine what kinds of effects are present:
- Aa main effect of time of day
- Ba main effect of cell phone use
- Ca cell phone by time of day interaction
- Da main effect of cell phone use AND a cell phone by time of day interaction
53A researcher is interested in the effects of talking on a cell phone (talking, not talking) and time of day (day, night) on speed of driving. Use the data in the table below to determine what kinds of effects are present:
- Aa main effect of time of day
- Ba main effect of cell phone use
- Ca cell phone by time of day interaction
- Da main effect of time of day AND a main effect of cell phone use
54Factorial designs can be (choose all the apply):
- ABetween groups
- BWithin group
- CMixed
- DSingle factor
55Why is it important to have a manipulation check (choose all that apply)?
- ATo verify that the independent variable was manipulated
- BTo help interpret a non-significant result (is there no effect or do you need a better manipulation?)
- CBecause researchers might be corrupt
- Dbecause its ethical
56A main effect is the overall effect of an individual factor.
- ATrue
- BFalse
57An interaction effect is when the effect of one factor depends on the level of the other factor.
- ATrue
- BFalse
58Factorial designs test for the following effects (choose all that apply):
- ASingle effects
- Bdouble effects
- Cmain effects
- Dinteraction effects
59The most common reason researchers use factorial designs is:
- AThey can't decide which DV is best.
- BThey can answer more questions with minimal extra effort.
- CThey can't decide which IV is best.
- DThey can test whether the effect of one IV depends on the level of another
60In between designs; do different subjects participate in different tasks/groups of the study or do they participate in each condition?
- ADifferent subjects participate in different tasks/groups of the study
- BThey participate in each condition of the study
61In within designs; do different subjects participate in different tasks/groups of the study or do they participate in each condition?
- Adifferent subjects participate in different tasks/groups of the study
- Bthey participate in each condition of the study
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- Psychology Quiz on STUDY GUIDE EXPERIMENTAL PSYCHOLOGY MIDTERM, created by Nadia H on 19/10/2022.
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- Nadia H
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