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Ch 12

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biochem
Amy Arce
Quiz by Amy Arce, updated more than 1 year ago
Amy Arce
Created by Amy Arce over 8 years ago
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Resource summary

Question 1

Question
Membrane characteristics
Answer
  • Sheet like structures, two molecules thick, form closed boundaries
  • composed of lipids and proteins,
  • noncovalent assemblies
  • covalent assesmblies
  • are fluid structures
  • are fatty structures
  • Most are electrically polarized

Question 2

Question
Membranes are asymmetric in that the outer surface is always different from the inner surface
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 3

Question
Membrane lipids are
Answer
  • small amphipathic molecules that form closed bimolecular sheets that prevent the movement of polar or charged molecules.
  • large amphipathic molecules that form closed bimolecular sheets that prevent the movement of polar or charged molecules.
  • small amphipathic molecules that form closed molecular sheets that prevent the movement of polar or charged molecules.
  • large amphipathic molecules that form closed molecular sheets that prevent the movement of polar or charged molecules.

Question 4

Question
Proteins serve to mitigate the impermeability of membranes and
Answer
  • allow movement of molecules and information across the cell membrane
  • don't allow movement of molecules and information across the cell membrane

Question 5

Question
Fatty acid names are based on their parent hydrocarbons
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 6

Question
Fatty acids
Answer
  • are chains of hydrogen bearing carbon atoms that have a carboxylic acid at one end and a methyl group at the other end
  • are chains of hydrogen bearing carbon atoms that have a ketone at one end and a methyl group at the other end
  • may be saturated or unsaturated
  • usually numbered beginning with the carboxyl terminal carbon atom
  • When double bonds present, they are commonly in the cis position
  • Properties are dependent on chain length and degree of unsaturation

Question 7

Question
Fatty acids can also be numbered from the methyl carbon atom which is called the omega (ω) carbon.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 8

Question
Carbon atoms [blank_start]2[blank_end] and [blank_start]3[blank_end] are also referred to as α and β, respectively.
Answer
  • 2
  • 3

Question 9

Question
Fatty acids in biological systems usually contain an [blank_start]even[blank_end] number of carbon atoms, with the [blank_start]16[blank_end]- and [blank_start]18[blank_end]-carbon atom chains the most common.
Answer
  • even
  • odd
  • 16
  • 15
  • 18
  • 17

Question 10

Question
In polyunsaturated fatty acids, the double bonds are separated by at least one
Answer
  • methylene group
  • carboxylic acid
  • ketone
  • aldehyde

Question 11

Question
Long chain length and the presence of cis double bonds enhances the fluidity of fatty acids
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 12

Question
What are the major class of membrane lipids
Answer
  • Phospholipids
  • Glycolipids
  • Cholesterol

Question 13

Question
Phospholipids are composed of four components:
Answer
  • fatty acids (1 or more), a platform, a carbon, and an alcohol.
  • fatty acids (1 or more), a platform, a phosphate, and an alcohol.
  • fatty acids (1 or more), a platform, a phosphate, and an nitrogen.

Question 14

Question
Two common platforms are [blank_start]glycerol[blank_end] and [blank_start]sphingosine[blank_end]
Answer
  • glycerol
  • glycogen
  • sphingosine
  • sphinose

Question 15

Question
Phospholipids with a glycerol platform are called
Answer
  • phosphoglycerides
  • phosphoglycerols
  • phosphoglycogen

Question 16

Question
The common types of membrane lipids are
Answer
  • Phospholipids
  • Glycolipids
  • Cholesterol
  • Carbohydrates

Question 17

Question
The major phospholipids are derived from
Answer
  • Phosphatidate (diacylglycerol 3-phosphate)
  • Phosphatidate (diacylglycerol 2-phosphate)

Question 18

Question
Phosphoglycerides are derived from phosphatidate by the formation of an ester bond between the phosphate and an alcohol
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 19

Question
Glycolipids are
Answer
  • carbohydrate-containing lipids derived from sphingosine.
  • carbohydrate-containing lipids derived from glycerol.

Question 20

Question
The carbohydrate in the glycolipid is linked to the secondary alcohol of sphingosine
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 21

Question
What are the simplest glycolipids, containing only a single sugar
Answer
  • Cerebrosides
  • Gangliosides
  • Monosaccharides

Question 22

Question
Gangliosides contain a branched chain of as many as
Answer
  • seven sugar molecules
  • five sugar molecules
  • three sugar molecules
  • eight sugar molecules

Question 23

Question
The [blank_start]carbohydrate[blank_end] components of glycolipids are on the [blank_start]extracellular[blank_end] surface of the cell membrane, where they play a role in cell-cell recognition
Answer
  • carbohydrate
  • lipid
  • extracellular
  • intracellular

Question 24

Question
Cholesterol is a lipid based on a steroid nucleus
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 25

Question
Cholesterol is a
Answer
  • a steroid that is modified on both ends by the attachment of a fatty acid chain and at the other end by a methyl group
  • a steroid that is modified on one end by the attachment of a fatty acid chain and at the other end by a hydroxyl group

Question 26

Question
In membranes, the hydroxyl group interacts with phospholipid head groups
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 27

Question
A membrane lipids is an
Answer
  • an amphipathic molecule containing a hydrophilic and hydrophobic moiety
  • an amphipathic molecule containing a hydrophilic moiety
  • an amphipathic molecule containing a hydrophobic moiety

Question 28

Question
The fatty acid components provide the
Answer
  • hydrophobic properties
  • hydrophilic properties

Question 29

Question
The alcohol and phosphate components are called the
Answer
  • polar head group, hydrophilic properties
  • polar head groups, hydrophobic properties

Question 30

Question
Phospholipids and Glycolipids Readily form Bimolecular sheets in Aqueous Media
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 31

Question
Membrane formation is a consequence of the amphipathic nature of the constituent lipid molecules.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 32

Question
Phospholipids are
Answer
  • too large to form micelles
  • too small to form micelles
  • like glycolipids spontaneously form lipid bilayers in aqueous solutions
  • like glycolipids nonspontaneously form lipid bilayers in aqueous solutions

Question 33

Question
The hydrophobic effect powers membrane formation, and van der Waals interactions between the [blank_start]hydrophobic[blank_end] tails stabilize membranes
Answer
  • hydrophobic
  • hydrophillic

Question 34

Question
Integral membrane proteins
Answer
  • composed of β strands that form a pore in the membrane.
  • composed of α helices that form a pore in the membrane

Question 35

Question
What is an example of β strand–rich integral membrane protein.
Answer
  • bacterial protein porin
  • Membrane spanning

Question 36

Question
The [blank_start]outside[blank_end] surface of porin, which interacts with the [blank_start]hydrophobic[blank_end] interior of the membrane, is composed of [blank_start]hydrophobic[blank_end] amino acids. The [blank_start]inside[blank_end] is [blank_start]polar[blank_end] and filled with water.
Answer
  • outside
  • inside
  • hydrophobic
  • hydrophillic
  • hydrophobic
  • hydrophillic
  • inside
  • outside
  • polar
  • nonpolar

Question 37

Question
Membrane-spanning α helices are a common structural feature of integral membrane proteins.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 38

Question
Bacteriorhodopsin, a light-powered proton pump, is an integral membrane protein composed of eight membrane- spanning helices.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 39

Question
Only a portion of the enzyme prostaglandin H2 synthase-1 is embedded in the membrane.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 40

Question
The cyclooxygenase (COX) activity of prostaglandin H2 synthase-1 is dependent on a channel connecting the [blank_start]active site[blank_end] to the membrane interior.
Answer
  • active site
  • terminator site

Question 41

Question
What inhibits cyclooxygenase activity by obstructing the channel
Answer
  • Aspirin
  • Xanax
  • Klonopin
  • Naproxen

Question 42

Question
Hydrophobic proteins can be made to associate with the membrane by attaching a hydrophillic group.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 43

Question
The fluid mosaic model allows
Answer
  • lateral movement but not rotation through the membrane
  • rotation through the membrane
  • vertical movement

Question 44

Question
The fluid mosaic model describes
Answer
  • membranes as two-dimensional solutions of oriented lipids and globular proteins
  • membranes as two-dimensional solutions of oriented lipids and quartnary proteins
  • membranes as two-dimensional solutions of oriented lipids and primary proteins

Question 45

Question
The lipids serve as a solvent and a permeability barrier
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 46

Question
Lipids rapidly diffuse vertically in membranes, although transverse diffusion or flip-flopping is very rare without the assistance of enzymes
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 47

Question
The prohibition of [blank_start]transverse[blank_end] diffusion accounts for the stability of membrane asymmetry.
Answer
  • transverse

Question 48

Question
Membrane fluidity is controlled
Answer
  • by fatty acid composition and carbohydrate content
  • by fatty acid composition and cholesterol content
  • by fatty acid composition and amino acid content

Question 49

Question
Cholesterol helps to maintain proper membrane fluidity in membranes in animals
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 50

Question
No Biological membranes are asymmetric
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 51

Question
The Na+-K+ pump illustrates
Answer
  • the principle of membrane asymmetry.
  • Pumps 3 Na+ out of the cell and 2 K+ into the cell by hydrolyzing ATP on the intracellular side of the membrane
  • Pumps 2 Na+ out of the cell and 3 K+ into the cell by hydrolyzing ATP on the extracellular side of the membrane

Question 52

Question
Some bacteria are enclosed by a single membrane surrounded by a cell wall.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 53

Question
Other bacteria are surrounded by two membranes, with a cell wall lying between them
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 54

Question
Other bacteria are surrounded by two membranes, with a cell wall lying between them.The space between the two membranes is called the
Answer
  • periplasm
  • cytoplasm
  • mitochondria

Question 55

Question
With exception of plants, what cells do not have cell walls and area surrounded by a single membrane, the plasma membrane
Answer
  • Eukaryotic cells
  • Prokaryotic cells

Question 56

Question
Cells can acquire molecules from their environment by receptor-mediated endocytosis.
Answer
  • True
  • False

Question 57

Question
The protein clathin helps to
Answer
  • internalize receptors bound to their cargo
  • receptor-mediated endocytosis
  • facilitate membrane fusion by forming tightly coiled four-helical bundles

Question 58

Question
Fusion of internal membranes with the plasma membrane allows the [blank_start]release[blank_end] of molecules, such as [blank_start]neurotransmitters[blank_end], from the cell
Answer
  • release
  • absorabance
  • neurotransmitters
  • serotonin

Question 59

Question
9. The internalization of iron-bound transferrin in association with the transferrin receptor is a example of
Answer
  • SNARE proteins
  • receptor-mediated endocytosis
  • protein clathrin

Question 60

Question
[blank_start]SNARE[blank_end] proteins facilitate membrane fusion by forming tightly coiled four-helical bundles.
Answer
  • SNARE
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