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Forensics studies quiz
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Questions in this quiz (43)
1Kolvin et al, (1998) in the New castel thousand family cohort study found that boys with [blank_start]maternal deprivation[blank_end] [blank_start]doubled[blank_end] the risk of convition up to the age of 30
- Amaternal deprivation
- Bdoubled
2[blank_start]Farrington[blank_end]'s cambridge study found tht [blank_start]60[blank_end]% of boys seperated by 10 years old were convicted at [blank_start]50[blank_end] years old, compared with 36% of those who had no seperation.
- AFarrington
- B60
- C50
3Dismissive attachment types are linked to: [blank_start]hard drug use[blank_end] and [blank_start]criminality[blank_end] (Allen et al, 1996) and [blank_start]ASPD[blank_end] (Rosenstein and Horowitz, 1996). It is the most common attachment type seen with [blank_start]psychopaths[blank_end] (Frodi et al, 2001).
- Ahard drug use
- Bcriminality
- CASPD
- Dpsychopaths
4[blank_start]Ward[blank_end] et al, (1996) found that rapists and violent offenders tend to have [blank_start]dissmissive[blank_end] or [blank_start]avoidant[blank_end] attachment types, and [blank_start]pedophiles[blank_end] tend to have preoccupied or feaful attachment types. Children may fulfill their [blank_start]social[blank_end] and [blank_start]emotional[blank_end] needs.
- AWard
- Bdissmissive
- Cavoidant
- Dpedophiles
- Esocial
- Femotional
5[blank_start]Farrington et al (1982)[blank_end] foud that those high on the N dimension were also high in official crime, and those high on the E dimension were high in self reported crime.
- AFarrington et al (1982)
6[blank_start]Rushton and Christjohn (1981)[blank_end] found that hose students who reported higher levels of delinquency also scored higher on all 3 dimensions.
- ARushton and Christjohn (1981)
7[blank_start]Hollin(1989)[blank_end] found that high N and high P but not E were consistent with crime. E may be inconsistent because it has two aspects: sociability and impulsiveness, where only the latter has an association with crime.
- AHollin (1989)
8The Dunedin longitudinal study by Moffit et al (2001) found that ALs and LCPs differed in terms of: [blank_start]decision making[blank_end], [blank_start]ulterian motives[blank_end] and [blank_start]adult life events[blank_end].
- Adecision making
- Bulterian motives
- Cadult life events
9After a 10 year review Moffit added new categories: [blank_start]abstainers[blank_end], [blank_start]low level chornic[blank_end] and [blank_start]adult onset offenders[blank_end]. Zara and Farrington found that adult onset offenders in the camebridge study tended to be more [blank_start]nervous[blank_end] and have fewer friends at 8yo.
- Aabstainers
- Blow level chornic
- Cadult onset offenders
- Dnervous
10Caccora et al (2010) found that low [blank_start]5HT[blank_end] was predictive of [blank_start]impulsive[blank_end] aggression
- A5HT
- Bimpulsive
11Grove et al, (1990) found that in childhood [blank_start]41%[blank_end] of MZ wins had ABS but at adult hood only [blank_start]28%[blank_end]
- A41%
- B28%
12Blongien et al (2003) found in a sample of 353 adult twins, there was a significant correlation with psychopathy: r. [blank_start]46[blank_end] for MZs and .26 for DZs
- A46
13Baker et al, (2008) found that boys have a [blank_start]50[blank_end]% heritability rate for [blank_start]proactive[blank_end] aggression compared to only 30% for reactive aggression. this is because reactive aggression maybe a response to the [blank_start]environment[blank_end]. [blank_start]Girl[blank_end] twins were also more influenced by their environment in terms of aggression.
- A50
- Bproactive
- Cenvironment
- DGirl
14Farrington (2005) found that [blank_start]family factors[blank_end] were predicitive of later antisocial behaviour. Poor parental super vision at [blank_start]8[blank_end] years old predicted [blank_start]anti social deviance[blank_end] at 48 years old. Harsh of erractic parents can also be predictive of [blank_start]psychopathic[blank_end] traits.
- Afamily factors
- B8
- Canti social deviance
- Dpsychopathic
15Newson and Newson (1989) found that parental use of [blank_start]punishment[blank_end] at 7 years old and 11 years old predicted later [blank_start]antisocial deviance[blank_end].
- Apunishment
- Bantisocial deviance
16Mitchell et al., 2013 found that severe sexual and violent offenders diagnosed [blank_start]psychopaths[blank_end] showed elevated levels of urinary [blank_start]OT[blank_end] and that [blank_start]OT[blank_end] levels [blank_start]positively[blank_end] correlated with PCL-R [blank_start]Factor 2[blank_end] scores (Lifestyle/Antisocial)
- Apsychopaths
- Bpositively
- CFactor 2
- DOT
- EOT
17De Wall et al., 2014 found that:
• Intranasal [blank_start]OT[blank_end] found to increase [blank_start]Intimate Partner[blank_end] Violence tendencies following provocation
• However, effects only observed among high trait [blank_start]aggressiveness[blank_end] participants
• May reflect attempts to maintain relationship
IMPORTANT: [blank_start]Interactive effect[blank_end], OT interacts with [blank_start]personality trait[blank_end] to predict IPV behaviour- AOT
- BIntimate Partner
- Caggressiveness
- DInteractive effect
- Epersonality trait
18• Gesch et al. (2002) conducted a [blank_start]double blind[blank_end] study on 231 young adult prisoners, using placebos and vitamin/mineral/fish oil supplements.
• Average [blank_start]35.1[blank_end]% reduction in offences after taking supplements for a minimum of 2 weeks
[blank_start]No change[blank_end] in number of offences in the control group- Adouble blind
- B35.1
- CNo change
19in Pickel (1998)s study into [blank_start]weapon focus[blank_end], the guy goes into the back and either pulls out a gun or a [blank_start]chicken[blank_end], in the weapon condition it made partcipants bad at remembering the face.
- Aweapon focus
- Bchicken
20Lipton 1997 found that [blank_start]21[blank_end]% of events recalled in the film were [blank_start]91[blank_end]% true for free recall
But for MQC they answered 95% of Qs but they were a lot [blank_start]less accurate[blank_end].- A21
- B91
- Cless accurate
21Waldrop et al (1978) found a correlatin between MPAs and [blank_start]aggression[blank_end] in children as young as [blank_start]3[blank_end] years old.
- Aaggression
- B3
22Wasschalag et al (2002) found that maternal smoking predisposes infants to [blank_start]antisocial behavoiur[blank_end]
- Aantisocial behavoiur
23Halverson and Victor (1976) found an increased prevalence of [blank_start]MPAs[blank_end] in school boys exhibiting [blank_start]behavaioural[blank_end] problems
- AMPAs
- Bbehavaioural
24Maughan et al 2004 found that maternal smoking has a [blank_start]dose-dependant[blank_end] relationship with [blank_start]criminality[blank_end] in later life.
- Adose-dependant
- Bcriminality
25Steisguth et al (1996) found that out of 400 particpants with foetal alcohol syndrom [blank_start]60[blank_end]% were introuble with the law.
- A60
26Williams et al (2010) found that the [blank_start]frequency[blank_end] of TBI was associated with more convictions.
- Afrequency
27Aguilar (2015) found that TBI to the [blank_start]OPFC[blank_end] damages executive functions and can lead to a lack of [blank_start]interpersonal[blank_end] sensitivity and extreme impulsive reactive [blank_start]aggression[blank_end].
- AOPFC
- Binterpersonal
- Caggression
28Radford et al (2011) found that the majority of maltreated children experienced more than one type of abuse, also , all types of abuse were associated with [blank_start]poorer mental health[blank_end] and [blank_start]elivated delinquent behaviour[blank_end].
- Apoorer mental health
- Belevated delinquent behaviour
29Raine et al (2002) found that there was a [blank_start]11[blank_end]% reduction in grey matter in the [blank_start]OPFC[blank_end] and of patients with [blank_start]ASPD[blank_end].
- AASPD
- B11
- COPFC
30Sterzer et al (2005) found there was [blank_start]reduced[blank_end] grey matter found in the amygdala and [blank_start]insular[blank_end] of adolescents with conduct disorder. Huebner et al (2008) found smaller volumes of grey matter in the [blank_start]OPFC[blank_end] and [blank_start]temporal[blank_end] lobe in children with conduct disorder.
- Areduced
- Binsular
- COPFC
- Dtemporal
31Birbaumer et al (2005) found that psychopaths have no significant activity in their [blank_start]limbic circuit[blank_end] during an [blank_start]autonomic[blank_end] conditioning task. this may explain the lack of [blank_start]fear[blank_end] recognition in psychopaths.
- Alimbic circuit
- Bautonomic
- Cfear
32Rain et al (1994) found in a PET study that murderers have reduced [blank_start]glucose metabolism[blank_end] in their anterior medial prefrontal and [blank_start]OPFC[blank_end] and superior corticies compared to a control.
- Aglucose metabolism
- BOPFC
33After 3 EDMR sessions Levin et al (1999) found an increase in bilateral activity in the [blank_start]ACC[blank_end] and decreased [blank_start]hypervigilance[blank_end] and increased prefrontal lobe [blank_start]metabolism[blank_end]. this means patients can better make sense of incoming [blank_start]sensory stimuli[blank_end] and become more in [blank_start]control[blank_end].
- AACC
- Bhypervigilance
- Cmetabolism
- Dsensory stimuli
- Econtrol
34Creswell et al (2007) found that [blank_start]amgydala[blank_end] activation negatively correlated with mindfullness during affect labelling task. Singh (2003) also found mindfullness lowered [blank_start]aggression[blank_end] and reduced [blank_start]deviant sexual[blank_end] thoughts.
- Aamgydala
- Baggression
- Cdeviant sexual
35Vohs and Heatherson, ( 2002) found that increased HRV from breathing techniques is critical for cognitive resources for [blank_start]self regulation[blank_end]. In addition, Lane et al (2009) found a correlation between HRV and activity in the [blank_start]dorsolateral prefrontal cortex[blank_end] during emotion induction.
- Aself regulation
- Bdorsolateral prefrontal cortex
36Capsi et al (2002) found that the [blank_start]low[blank_end] activity MAOA polymorphism is associated with [blank_start]violence[blank_end] and [blank_start]conduct[blank_end] disorder. Meyer-Lidenberg et al (2006) also found that this risk allele decreases brain matter in the ACC by [blank_start]8[blank_end]%, it also leads to higher activity in the [blank_start]amgydala[blank_end] in response to [blank_start]fearful[blank_end] and angry expressions but there is [blank_start]no[blank_end] change in activity in the ACC so there is no [blank_start]regulation[blank_end].
- Alow
- Bviolence
- Cconduct
- D8
- Eamgydala
- Ffearful
- Gno
- Hregulation
37Pollak et al (2001) conducted a study using an [blank_start]EEG[blank_end] during the 3 stimulus odd ball task inwhich participants have to detect [blank_start]facial expressions[blank_end]. Children who were phyisically maltreated P3 was much higher for those who were maltreated when detecting [blank_start]angry[blank_end] target. More [blank_start]resources[blank_end] were allocated for the angry face than the controls, group but this comes at a cost, spending too much time scanning for threatening cues therefore there are less resources left for [blank_start]socialism[blank_end] or [blank_start]concentrating[blank_end] at school.
- AEEG
- Bfacial expressions
- Cangry
- Dresources
- Esocialism
- Fconcentrating
38Mc Cory/ De Brito et al (2011) found an increase in activity in the [blank_start]right[blank_end] amygdala and bilateral anteriour [blank_start]insular[blank_end] like seen in the Wingen study into [blank_start]combat exposure[blank_end]. This might be an example for a [blank_start]laten neural risk marker[blank_end] for psychopathologies in later adolescence, which might initially manifest its self a [blank_start]conduct problems[blank_end] due to heightened response to distress cues.
- Aright
- Binsular
- Ccombat exposure
- Dlatent neural risk marker
- Econduct problems
39Kaufman et al (2004) found that if adults and children who experiences maltreatment have two copies of the short allele for the [blank_start]serotonin transport gene[blank_end] they are more likely to show [blank_start]depression[blank_end].
- Aserotonin transport gene
- Bdepression
40Hemphill, Hare and Wong (1998) found that there are significant correlations between [blank_start]PCL-R[blank_end] factors and recidivism.. general= . [blank_start]27[blank_end], violent = .27 and sexual .23. The general recidivism for psychopaths is [blank_start]3[blank_end] times higher than that of other offenders and violent recidivism is [blank_start]4[blank_end] times higher.
- APCL-R
- B27
- C3
- D4
41Blaire Mitchell and Preschardt (2004) found that psychopaths show reduced sensitivity to [blank_start]fearful[blank_end] expressions, Dawel et al (2012) further found that this occurs across [blank_start]modalities[blank_end].
- Afearful
- Bmodalities
42Psychopaths may not be able to recognise fear because: of reduced [blank_start]amygdala[blank_end] activity.. Gorden Baird and End (2004) found that those high on psychopathic traits had reduced amygala activity during affect recogntion task. Further more, Dadds et al (2008) found that children with CU traits had reduced [blank_start]eye gaze[blank_end] to emotional faces and this reduced eye gaze correlated with fear [blank_start]accuracy[blank_end]. Gillespie et al (2015) found psychopaths have lower [blank_start]dwell time[blank_end] on eyes and less eye [blank_start]fixations[blank_end].
- Aamygdala
- Beye gaze
- Cdwell time
- Dfixations
- Eaccuracy
43In terms of mental illness and offending, psychotic patients with TCO where [blank_start]2[blank_end] times the likelihood of violence (Link and Stueve, 1994). Further more, Applebuam (2000) found that in a follow up for over 1000 discharged patients furture violence was predicited by things like [blank_start]past criminal behaviour[blank_end], childhood physical abuse and [blank_start]substance misuse[blank_end]. [blank_start]Delusions[blank_end] including TCO did NOT predict future violence. But, substance misuse + SZ [blank_start]doubled[blank_end] the risk of violence.
- A2
- Bpast criminal behaviour
- Csubstance misuse
- DDelusions
- Edoubled
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- undergraduate Psychology (Forensics) Quiz on Forensics studies quiz, created by Georgie Gipps on 11/01/2017.
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