Quiz
Atomic pollution and Climate Change
Create a free account to finish this quiz
Save your progress and see your final score.
Already have an account? Sign in
Questions in this quiz (61)
1Which factors contribute to sea level rise due to climate change?
- AIncreased numbers of floods
- BRapid melting of arctic ice
- CThermal expansion and melting of land-bound ice
- DSlow sinking of the continents
- EEnhanced precipitation
2The green house gas effect can be explained by
- AWavelength dependence of absorption of radiation by GHG
- BOzone depletion in the stratosphere
- CThe elliptic path of the earth around the sun
- DEnhanced reflection of long wave radiation by GHG
- EEnhanced concentration of dust and carbon monoxide in the atmosphere
3Because saturation vapour pressure depends on the surface on which it occurs
- ALifting of air masses leads to condensation
- BClouds grow rapidly when ice particles are introduced
- CSmall drops grow at the cost of large drops
- DMixing of warmer and colder air masses can lead to mixing fog
4Airborne radionuclide concentrations are especially relevant for
- AInfiltration and Submersion
- BIngestion and Inhalation
- CIngestion and Submersion
- DInhalation and Submersion
- EExposition and Ingestion
5Occult deposition is
- AAn as yet undiscovered deposition
- BDeposition that is not yet fully understood
- CDeposition by fog, dew, etc.
- DDeposition pollutants attached to aerosols
6For the development of the ozone hole in the Antarctic the following are decisive:
- AHigh CFC concentrations and lack of solar radiation
- BHigh CFC concentrations and temperatures below zero
- CHigh CFC concentration and climate change
- DTemperatures below -80°C and little air mass exchange
7the double strategy in Austrian air pollution policy consists of
- ALimiting synergistic pollutants simultaneously
- BRequiring the pollutants and the affected to contribute to emission reductions
- CIncreasing stack heights and emission standards
- DLimiting emission according to state-of-the-art-technology and to stay within air quality
8An end-of-pipe measure is e.g.:
- AUsing more efficient technologies
- BImplementing an emission trading scheme
- CFilter flue gases
- DTechnological improvements in the process
- EDesulfurization of oil
9Present day GHG emissions of the average Austrian are around
- A50 t per year
- B1 t per year
- C100 t per year
- DNot quantifiable
- E10 t per year
10Climate change does not involve
- AChanges in precipitation
- BFrequency of extreme events
- CMore intense earthquakes
- DMelting of polare ice
- ETemperature change
11Which are not typical effects of mountain valleys or basins?
- AInducing thermally driven circulations
- BStrong dispersion of pollutants
- CDevelopment of cold air basins due to drainage flow
- DInversions
- EChannelling flow
12Stratospheric ozone concentration
- AIs falling in midlatitudes in winter, constant in summer
- BIs falling worldwide
- CIs falling in equatorial regions in winter
- DIs falling in midlatitudes in winter and strongly falling over Antarctica
13In the climate debate tipping points are understood to describe
- APoints ate which the planet becomes uninhabitable
- BPoints beyond which positive feedback mechanisms can no longer be contained by humans
- CPoints of time in policy debate when decisive steps are taken
- DGeographical locations where decisive climate process
14Under clear sky conditions in summer ozone levels are especially high in Vienna
- AOn weekdays
- BDuring traffic peaks
- COn Sundays and holidays
- DOn Mondays
- EOn Saturdays
- FIn the early morning
15What is NOT true of radioactive decay
- AIs the only way to deplete radio nuclei
- BDisappears after 5 half-life times
- CDepends only on the radio nuclide
- DIs independent of external influences
- ECan vary over orders of magnitude
16Which of the following issues is not a mesoscale pollution problem
- AFine particles (PM)
- BTropospheric zone
- CPersistent organic compounds (POP)
- DGreen house gases
- ERadio active substances
17The IPAT equation or Kaya Identity can be used to explain
- AThe impact of population, air pollution and technology on environmental degradation
- BThe impact of green house gas emission on climate
- CThe extent to which ecological boundaries have been crossed
- DThe impact of world population, affluence and technology on green house gas emission
- EThe impact of lifestyles on environmental quality and tipping points
18What was the original definition of smog
- AA combination of smoke and fog
- BHigh concentration of photo chemicals
- CCigarette smoke
- DHigh ozone concentrations
19Dispersion models typically consists of 3 modules:
- ATransport Module, Immission Module, Impact Module
- BMeteorology Module, Chemistry Module, Deposition Module
- CEmission Module, Transmission Module, Immission Module
- DMeteorology Module, Chemistry Module, Transport Module
- EMeteorology Module, Transport Module, Deposition Module
20Trajectories are an important part of which kind of dispersion models?
- AGaussian models
- BDiffusion models
- CLangrangian models
- DRichardson models
- EEulerian models
21Near the earths surface temperature increases with height
- AWhen wind speed increase with height
- BWhen wind speed is low and the radiation balances at the surface is negative
- CBecause the distance from sun decrease
- DWhen atmospheric radiation exceeds terrestrial radiation
- EWhen warm air rises from heated surfaces
- FWhen an inversion break up
22Chronic damage caused by air pollution can be prevented
- AStandards expressed in high percentiles
- BLimiting maximum concentration
- CShort term standards, e.g.: hourly means
- DLong term standards, e.g.: yearly means
23In an idealised valley the following local circulations are to be expected in fair weather on the early afternoon
- Aonly valley wind
- Bvalley- and down slope wind
- Cvalley and up slope wind
- Donly down slope wind
- EMountain and down slope wind
24In order for a cloud to rain, cloud droplets must grow
- Athrough coagulation and coalescence with other droplets
- Bthrough freezing and melting
- Cand rech a size 100 times that a small cloud droplet
- Dthrough transpiration and evaporation
- Ethrough compression and density increase
- Fthrough condensation and diffusion
25Which of the following radiative processes leads to energy conversion?
- AReflexion
- BAbsorption
- CRefraction
- DDiffusion
26Concentrations caused at a specific point by a continuous point source vary strongly
- Ain inversions
- Bin unstable layers
- Cin neutral layers
- Din stable layers under strong wind conditions
- Ein isothermal layers near the ground
27The troposphere
- Ais the bottom layer of the atmosphere in which temperature decreases with height
- Bis the lower part of the planetary boundary layer
- Cis the lower part of the stratosphere and characterised by temperature increases with height
- Dconsists of the planetary boundary layer and the turbulent surface layer
28Boundaries of the global ecological system seem to have been exceeded regarding
- Aclimate change, nitrogen cycle and phosphorus cycle
- Bnitrogen cycle, phosphorus cycle and biodiversity loss
- Cocean acidification, nitrogen cycle and biodiversity loss
- Dclimate change, nitrogen cycle and biodiversity loss
- Eclimate change, ocean acidification and biodiversity loss
29The following is NOT correct regarding albedo
- AAverage over the whole globe, albedo is about 5%
- BAlbedo is higher for snow than for bitumen
- CAlbedo is reflectivity averages over all wave lengths
- DAlbedo is the ration of reflected to incoming radiation
- EAlbedo increases with the temperature of the reflecting body
30The atmosphere is characterised by
- Aabout 80% nitrogen, 20% oxygen and 1% Argon content
- Babout 0,03 CO2 and 0,05 water vapour content
- Cabout 80% oxygen and 20% hydrogen content near the surface
- Drapid increase of CO2 and decreases of oxygen concentration
- Egood mixing of gases up to 120km height
31Which of the following does not heat up faster than global average
- AContinents
- BArctic
- CAlpine region
- DOceans
32In what latitudes do the highest stratospheric ozone concentration occur?
- A20°
- B60°
- C80°
- D45°
33The declared aim of the policy of high stacks was to
- AEnhanced the chimney effect and create higher effective stack heights
- BMake use of higher wind speed
- CReduce maximum immissions on the ground
- DDelay deposition
- EDistribute pollutants over larger areas
34Global temperatures increases over the last 150 years is about
- A0,2°C
- B1,2°C
- C0,8°C
- D0,4°C
35What process is not part of dispersion of pollutants in air?
- AInterception
- BDiffusion
- CDecay
- DDeposition
- ESedimentation
36Clinical studies to determine concentration limits for humans help to
- AReplace experiments using animals
- BStudy exposures under normal conditions
- CUnderstand systematic dose-effect relationships
- DStudy the effect of high exposures
37What is characteristic of an Eulerian model?
- AThe limited amount of input data and numerical capacity needed
- BA coordinate system that is fixed relative to the earth surface
- CThe good representation of point sources
- DA grid with increasingly smaller dimensions
38What is the dual role of CFCs in the atmosphere?
- AEnhanced chemical reactions and produce stratospheric ozone
- BEnhanced chemical reactions and destroy tropospheric ozone
- CContribute to global warming as GHG and deplete ozone
- DDestroy ozone and contribute to Global Dimming
39Inversions can cause high immission concentrations near the ground
- AWhen pollutants are emitted below the inversion
- BBecause heating is especially intense in these periods
- CWhen pollutants are emitted into the inversion through high stacks
- DBecause pollutants are pressed downward
40Sulfates can cover large distances in the atmosphere because
- AThey are released in great heights
- BThey are not easily washed-out
- CTheir lifetime in the atmosphere is long
- DThey are especially light compared to their size
41What data are not relevant for emission inventories?
- AGeographical position of sources
- BFlue gas temperature
- CStack height
- DWind speed
- EEmission rates of different pollutant groups
42What human impact does not (yet) exceed the resilience boundaries of the global ecosystems?
- AClimate change
- BBiodiversity loss
- CAcidification of the ocean
- DNitrogen cycle
43Gaussian models for continuous point sources assume that
- AEmission occur at least 10 m above ground
- Blife time of pollutants is limited
- CWind speed exceeds 1 m/s
- DPollutant concentration is uniform within the plume
44Stratospheric ozone concentration
- AIs falling in midlatitudes in winter, constant in summer
- BIs falling worldwide
- CIs falling in midlatitudes and strongly over Antarctica
- DIs falling in equatorial regions in winter
45What part of the solar spectrum is primarily responsible for the cancer in human skin?
- AUVA
- BUVC
- CRoentgen waves
- DUVB
- EInfra-red
46Protections regarding climate in the future do not rely on:
- AAssumptions on GHG emissions
- BAn understanding of radiation
- CAssumptions on the development of the world population
- DMathematical models to simulate physical processes in the atmosphere
- EStatistical extrapolations of the climate change of the past
47Air flow is influences near buildings
- ABut the induced turbulence is irrelevant for dispersion
- BUp to about 150m behind the building
- CThe stronger, the smaller the building is
- DIn the vertical within about 2,5 times the height of the building
48Which is no Green House Gas (GHG
- ACarbon monoxide
- BCarbon dioxide
- CWater vapour
- DMethane
- EOzone
49What feedback mechanism is reinforcing (=positive)?
- AIncrease in CO2, increased biomass, increased evaporation, cooling
- BTemperature decreases, more glaciers, higher Albedo
- CTemperature increase, increased evaporation, increased cloud cover
- DTemperature increase, forest fires, increased Albedo
50Deposition reaches generally its highest values
- AChemical transformation
- BOccult deposition
- CSedimentation
- DWet deposition
51Emission reductions necessary to meet the 2°C goal are consistent with
- A80% reduction in industrialised and unlimited emissions in other nations
- B50% reduction of GHG emissions in industrialised nations
- CFull use of conventional and unconventional reserves
- DAbout 1t of CO2 per person and year till 2050 in industrialised nations
- EGHG emissions about three times the amount already emitted
52Which is a secondary pollutant?
- AAerosols
- BSulfur dioxide
- CNitrogen oxide
- DOzone
53Expected temperature increases in Austria in the next 20-50 years is about
- A2-4°
- B0,5-1°
- C4-6°
- D5-10°
54Which is not a component of the radiation balance at the earth's surface
- Adiffuse or sky radiation
- Batmospheric radiation
- Ccelestrial radiation
- Dterrestrial radiation
- Edirect solar radiation
55The effect source height
- Ais defined as the sum of stack height and plume rise
- Bdepends on the emitted pollutants
- Cis equal to stack height for hot effluents
- Dis near 40 km for stratospheric ozone
- Eincreases with air temperature
56Climate change is scientifically proven by...
increase of global mean temperature- ATrue
- BFalse
57What is the significance of oceans in the global carbon cycle?
A sink, but may become a source- ATrue
- BFalse
58What is not part of geo-engineerying?
Substitution of fossil energy sources- ATrue
- BFalse
59Which of the following pollutants are GHGs? All?
Ozone, carbon dioxide, methane, water vapour- ATrue
- BFalse
60Radiation balances is clearly negative...
night time, strong wind, fog- ATrue
- BFalse
61Which of the following radiative processes leads to energy conversion?
- AReflexion
- BDiffusion
- CRefraction
- DAbsorption
Information
- Description
- Economics
- Author
- June May
- Language
- Deutsch
- Views
- 99
- Tags
- Rating
- No ratings yet Rate this quiz