Thyroid Gland - Quiz

1. 1Anatomy
   
   The thyroid gland is a [blank_start]butterfly[blank_end] shaped gland with two lateral lobes and a central isthmus. It weighs approx. 6-20g.
   It is located just [blank_start]above[blank_end] the sternal notch and [blank_start]below[blank_end] the Adam's apple, larynx and hyoid bone.
   It is positioned on the [blank_start]anterior[blank_end] surface of the neck in the [blank_start]anterior[blank_end] triangle.
   The central isthmus of the thyroid gland overlies tracheal rings [blank_start]2-4[blank_end], whilst the tips of each lateral lobe reach [blank_start]superiorly[blank_end] to touch the thyroid cartilage.

   1. Abutterfly
   2. Bpyramid
   3. Cpea
   4. Dabove
   5. Ebelow
   6. Fbelow
   7. Gabove
   8. Hanterior
   9. Iposterior
   10. Janterior
   11. Kposterior
   12. L2-4
   13. M5-7
   14. N1-3
   15. Osuperiorly
   16. Pinferiorly
2. 2By which week of life does the thyroid gland begin to develop from the tongue and move inferiorly down the anterior triangle, in front of the hyoid bone, over thyroid cartilage and down the trachea; forming a thyroglossal duct?

   1. AWeek 3
   2. BWeek 4
   3. CWeek 5
   4. DWeek 6
3. 3By which week of life has the thyroid gland reached its final position?

   1. AWeek 4
   2. BWeek 6
   3. CWeek 8
   4. DWeek 12
4. 4By which week of life does thyroid production start?

   1. AWeek 3
   2. BWeek 5
   3. CWeek 6
   4. DWeek 12
   5. EAfter birth
5. 5The thyroid gland is mainly made up of spherical sacs called [blank_start]thyroid follicles[blank_end]. These absorb [blank_start]iodine[blank_end] from the blood, which is stored in thyroglobulin.
   The walls of these follicles are made up of [blank_start]follicular cells[blank_end], which produce the thyroid hormones [blank_start]triiodothyronine[blank_end] (T3) and [blank_start]thyroxine[blank_end] (T4).
   Some cells, called [blank_start]parafolicular cells[blank_end] (C-cells) lie between the follicles and produce the hormone [blank_start]calcitonin[blank_end], which regulates calcium homeostasis.

   1. Athyroid follicles
   2. Biodine
   3. Ctyrosine
   4. Dfollicular cells
   5. Eacinar cells
   6. Ftriiodothyronine
   7. Gthyroxine
   8. Hparafolicular cells
   9. Ichief cells
   10. Jcalcitonin
   11. Kcortisol
6. 6The thyroid gland is supplied by two big arteries; the superior [blank_start]thyroid[blank_end] artery and the inferior [blank_start]thyroid[blank_end] artery.
   It is drained by the superior [blank_start]thyroid[blank_end] vein, which in turn drains into the [blank_start]internal jugular[blank_end] vein and the inferior [blank_start]thyroid[blank_end] vein, which drains into the [blank_start]brachiocephalic[blank_end] vein.

   1. Athyroid
   2. Bthyroid
   3. Cthyroid
   4. Dinternal jugular
   5. Ethyroid
   6. Fbrachiocephalic
7. 7Which two of these are components of the thyroid hormones T3 and T4?

   1. AIodine
   2. BTyrosine
   3. CTheronine
   4. DTrypthophan
   5. EChlorine
   6. FIron
8. 8Which of the following are NOT functions of thyroid hormones T3 and T4?

   1. AIncrease Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR), which is the rate of oxygen consumption under standard conditions
   2. BMaintain body temperature by stimulating synthesis of additional sodium-potassium pumps (which use lots of ATP)
   3. CStimulate protein synthesis and increase the use of glucose and fatty acids for ATP production
   4. DIncrease lipolysis and enhance cholesterol excretion
   5. EEnhance action of catecholamines
   6. FAccelerate body growth together with hGH and insulin
   7. GCause the kidneys to reabsorb more water than blood so decrease urine volume
   8. HIncreases calcium absorption from the GI tract to the blood
9. 9Which two hormones stimulate the synthesis of thyroid hormones?

   1. AThyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH)
   2. BThyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)
   3. CParathyroid hormone (PTH)
   4. DCorticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH)
   5. ETriiodo-thyroxine-stimulating hormone (TtSH)

Description

Medicine - Year 1 (Endocrine) Quiz on Thyroid Gland - Quiz, created by Abbie N on 29/06/2017.

Author

Abbie N

Language

English

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medicine - year 1endocrine

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