Karteikarten
Attachment
Karten in diesem Stapel (17)
- 1ReciprocityTwo way mutual interaction between infant and caregiver
- 2Interactional SynchronyCo-ordinated interaction between infant and caregiver
- 3Role of the FatherGrossman (2002)= Fathers may be less important in long term emotional development
Fathers role= Play and stimulation
- 4Schaffer and Emerson (1964)60 babies from Glasgow
Separation/stranger anxiety
50% babies showed separation anxiety towards primary attachment between 25-32 weeks
- 5Schaffer's Stages of AttachmentAsocial Stage- first few weeks
Indiscriminate Stage- 2-7 Months
Specific Attachment- 7 Months
Multiple Attachment- 1 year
- 6Lorenz (1952)Imprinting in goslings
Critical period- few hours after hatching
Sexual Imprinting also occurs
- 7Harlow (1958)Cloth mother - Wire mother
Comfort over food
Caused severe long term consequences- more aggressive, less sociable, killed own offspring
- 8Learning Theory (Cupboard Love Theory) Dollard and Miller (1950)Classical Conditioning- Attachment to caregiver through association with food
Operant Conditioning- Negative reinforcement
- 9Bowlby's Monotropic Theory of Attachment (1958)Monotropy= one primary attachment figure
Social Releasers= innate behaviours
Critical Period= up to 2 years
Internal Working Model= schemas act as template for future
- 10Ainsworth & Bell (1969) The Strange SituationSecure (Type B)= 60-75%
Insecure-avoidant (Type A)= 20-25%
Insecure-resistant (type C)= 3%
- 11Cultural variations in Attachment Van Ijzendoorn & Kroonenberg (1988)Meta-analysis of 32 studies in 8 countries
- 12Bowlby's Theory of Maternal Deprivation (1951)Deprivation= losing emotional care
Deprivation lowers IQ & linked to affectionless psychopathy
- 13Bowlby (1944) 44 Thieves14 described as affectionless psychopaths. 12 out of these had experienced prolonged separation in first 2 years
- 14InstitutionaliasationEffects include disinhibited attachment and damage to intellectual development
- 15Rutter et al (2011) Romanian OrphansLongitudinal Study
Failure to attach before 6 months have long lasting effects (e.g. IQ and disinhibited attachment)
- 16Influence of early attachment on later relationshipsInternal Working Model
Secure= good relationship expectations
Insecure avoidant= victims of bullying
Insecure-resistant= bullies
- 17Hazan and Shaver (1987)Love Quiz
Secure= long lasting romantic relationships
Avoidant= jealous and fear intamcy
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- A-Level Psychology Karteikarten am Attachment , erstellt von Urvashi Makwana am 17/05/2016.
- Erstellt von
- Urvashi Makwana
- Aufrufe
- 14
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