Karteikarten
Biological Psychology: The Control of Movement
Karten in diesem Stapel (15)
- 1Objectives: Control of Movement- Identify Different Muscle Groups
- Involuntary Versus Voluntary Muscles
- Role of Muscles in Sports
- Role of Movements in Psychology
- Disorders of Movement - 2The Production of Movements- Due to muscle contractions, some movements are overt and under volunary control - raising hand, or without overt attention - such as breathing. Used for carrying weights and maintaining posture.
- Three kinds of muscle tissues
- Physical basis of muscle contraction - 3Three Types of MusclesSmooth Muscles: they're found in organs, such as the lining of the lungs
Striate Muscles: (Skeletal muscle) - are used for overt and conscious movements
Cardiac Muscles: resistant to fatigue, resilient to contractions at fast rates. - 4Physical Basis of Muscle ContractionDepolarisation --> Ca2+ Channels open --> Ca2+ allows myofibrils to extract energy (ATP) from the cytoplasm --> Myosin cross bridges attach/bend to actin strand.
- 5Muscle TensionBones are connected to muscles via fibres called tendons.
Golgi tendons are stimulated when a muscle contracts
Neural info about tension is sent to the brain to control movement and determine position of limbs
Muscles max stimulation fuses to cause tetanus which is caused by a lack of oxygen and a build up of CO2 - 6Muscle TwitchesFast contractions : Slow
Large in diametre : smaller
Blood supply less rich : More rich
Rapid Action : Prolonged performance - 7Motor UnitsAlpha Motor Neuron - directly responsible for initiating contraction
Myelinated Axon - forms an electrically insulated layer
Extrafusal Muscle Fibres - detect the amount rate in change of the length of the muscle - 8Brain & MusclesPremotor Cortex - Planning of movement
Prefrontal Lobe
Supplementary Motor Cortex - Preparation of rapid sequencing of movements
Primary Motor Cortex - Convey messages to send to the spinal chord
Central Sulcus
Primary Somato Sensory Cortex
Posterior Parietal Cortex - 9Control of Voluntary Movement1) Decision - to make movement - in the prefrontal and partiel lobe
2) Planned - Supplementary motor cortex & Primary motor cortex
3) Planning Incorporated from thalamus and Basal Ganglia
4) PMC Sends signal via lateral pathway
5) Lateral Pathway carries signals to spinal motor neurons - 10Motor Systems of the Brain1) Spinal Motor Pathways: Controls volunary movement
2) Cerebellum: Important for controlling the sequencing of complex voluntary
3) Basal Ganglia: Coordinates inputs with the thalamus
4) Primary Motor Cortex: Important to the initiation of voluntary movement - 11Movements and PsychologyMassage Therapy & Touch - Helps with sleeping, weight gain, learning, alertness, ADHD claims, depression (premature infants)
Evolutionary benefits of massage - touch-deprivation studies, attention from massage, decrease in cortisol (stress hormone)
Gesture-Speech - 12Benefits of Movement on Psychology1) Physical fitness and exercise to psychological well-being
2) Exercise and disease
-Immune system
- Cancer Rates
- Osteoporosis
- Sleep
-Depression, stress, cognition benefits
3) Long term benefits that are acute - 13Psychology and Exercise1) 'Warm up'
2) 'Cool Down' to slow down contractions of muscles, to allow for the removal of metabolites such as lactic acid. If there is no cool down, then blood flow is dramatically reduced and a reduction of oxygen due to the build up of waste
3) Positive body image - healthy body = healthy mind - 14Disorders of MovementThe Apraxias
- Limb
- Oral
- Constructional
Parkinson's Disease - 15The Psychology of Deception- Masking Smiles
- Micro-expressions
- Frequency of the voice (pitch)
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- A Brief introduction to the psychology of movement, introducing gestures, lie detection, exercise, muscle movement, the control and production of movement.
- Erstellt von
- Hannah Shakeshaft
- Aufrufe
- 59
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