Karteikarten
Intro to Sociology
Karten in diesem Stapel (58)
- 1Auguste ComteFounded sociology, positivism
Systematic study of society - 2Harriet MartineauIntroduced sociology to England
Focused on the domestic sphere - 3Karl MarxFounded conflict perspective
Studied bourgeoisie and proletariat - 4Herbert Spencerapplied theories of Darwin to societies
the term "survival of the fittest" - 5Emile DurkheimSocial bonds: mechanical solidarity or organic solidarity
Wrote about social facts as external influences on behavior - 6Jane AddamsFocused on child labor, working hours, industrial safety, womens rights
Helped found ACLU - 7Max WeberFocused on bureaucracies and rationalization of society
Wrote: The Protestant Ethic and the
Spirit of Capitalism - 8W.E.B. DuBoisterm"double consciousness"
Wrote about African American social identities and experiences
First African American to earn a doctorate from Harvard University - 9Symbolic Interactionist PerspectiveFocus on micro-level processes
day-to-day social interactions - 10Symbolic Interactionist VocabularySymbols, language, labels, meaning, interaction, observation
- 11Conflict PerspectiveMacro-level analysis
observes large-scale social processes
wealthy / working class - 12Conflict Perspective founderKarl Marx
- 13Conflict Perspective wealth/working classWealth: bourgeoisie
working class: proletariat - 14Conflict perspective vocabularypower, scarce resources, competition, inequality, struggle, disparities
- 15Functionalist perspective founderEmile Durkheim
- 16Functionalist vocabularyStability, function, dysfunction, manifest function, latent function
- 17Manifest functionintended consequences of our actions
- 18Latent functionsunintended consequences of our actions
- 19Functionalist perspective studyThe interconnected web of systems or structures, each has a specific purpose. If one system fails the entire system is threatened.
The balance of society - 20Robert MertonFunction, dysfunction
manifest functions, latent functions - 21Robert Merton Functionbeneficial consequences of our actions
- 22Robert Merton Dysfunctionharmful consequences of our actions
- 23Robert Merton Manifest functionsintended consequences of our actions
- 24Robert Merton Latent functionsunintended consequences of our actions
- 25feminist perspectiveinequality between men and women with action steps to fix or improve society
- 26feminist perspective gender wage gapdifference in wages of men and women
- 27feminist perspective glass ceilinginvisible barrier keeping women from advancing
- 28feminist perspective sexual harassmentunwelcome advances
- 29feminist vocabularyoppression, feminism, action steps, policies, legislation, social change
- 30Feminismpolitical and sociological movement recognizing inequalities between sexes
- 31intersectional feminismsocial factors, race, ethnicity, class, gender, sexual orientation
- 32ethnocentrismjudgmental towards another culture, being superior
- 33taboosforbidden rules,
example: incest or cannibalism - 34folkwaysevery day customs, informal rules
- 35gender rolessociety norms aligned with sex
- 36George Herbert Meades 3 phasespreparatory stage
play stage
game stage - 37preparatory stageChildren learn by imitating the behavior and gestures of others
- 38Play stageChildren begin to act out social roles they observe in their environment
- 39Game stageChildren learn to relate to others by participating in organized games and activities
- 40Meades theoryExplains how self-identity develops through social interactions
- 41Looking glass selfA person's self-image is shaped mainly by how they believe others perceive them
- 42"Mores"The social norms and customs that are widely accepted and observed within a particular culture or society
- 43socializationlearning how to be a member of society
- 44agents of socializationfamily, peer institutions, mass media
- 45cultureCollection of values, beliefs, behaviors, and social norms that define a group of people or society
- 46subculturecultural group within a larger culture, often having beliefs or interests at variance with those of the larger culture
- 47counterculturalA culture or movement that opposes or rejects the values and norms of mainstream society
- 48self-imageperception of ourselves
- 49self-conceptFixed self does not change
- 50aggregateTo gather or collect into a whole or mass, but no one knows each other
- 51categoryShare traits or characteristics
- 52statusposition occupied, group, society
- 53role attitudeattached to a given status
- 54role expectationexpectations for behavior
- 55status setAll statuses a person holds
- 56master statusdominant statuses
example: doctor over father - 57role conflictemployee and parent
example: have places to be as a parent and employee at the same time - 58—
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Founder of sociology and two contributions related to the founder. Key terms and concepts with definitions.
- Erstellt von
- Erin Mertens
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- 12
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