COLOMBIA

COLOMBIA

1. inequality in job opportunities for women

   • In the country the population of women is 41.5 percent, who have an unemployment rate of 14.4% while 8.1 percent of men are unemployed.
     • For Example: Women who want to work have a harder time finding a job than men. This problem is particularly marked in Northern Africa and the Arab States, where unemployment rates for women exceed 16%.
       • The gender gap in employment: What’s holding women back? (s. f.). InfoStories. Recuperado 13 de julio de 2021, de https://www.ilo.org/infostories/en-GB/Stories/Employment/barriers-women#unemployed-vulnerable

2. Land Inequality

   • To pay off debts, the Colombian Government sold off large portions of public land from 1823 to 1931, which led to the concentrated system of land ownership. To concentrate land, the Colombian government used tax incentives, which promoted inefficient land cultivation and hindered economic activity.
     • For Example: A report by Oxfam International shows that 1% of the population holds 80% of the land, leaving just 20% of the land distributed amongst the remaining 99% of the population.
       • P., P., P., P., & P. (2018, 2 enero). So much land in the hands of so few. PBI Colombia (English). https://pbicolombia.org/2018/01/02/so-much-land-in-the-hands-of-so-few/

3. Women and Children in Colombia

   • Compared to men, women earn 13-23% less for the same jobs. A lack of flexibility in working arrangements directly affects female labor workers. Women lack flexible schedules that allow time for maternity leave or other childcare-related absences. There have been many effects on infants and toddlers in Colombia, due to malnutrition, around 346 toddlers died in 2018. Another reason for the deaths of these toddlers is poverty and lack of healthcare access in communities.
     • For example: the Covid-19 pandemic and the related closure are making it even more difficult for the Wayuu, an indigenous group. In Colombia and Venezuela, many of which live in the northeastern Colombian state of La Guajira, it is difficult to obtain Adequate food, water and medical care at a time when they need it more than ever. “Rural indigenous communities of La La Guajira cannot get enough food or water for basic hygiene, such as washing hands and access to medical care. and the information is very poor "
       • Colombia: Indigenous Kids at Risk of Malnutrition, Death. (2020, 28 octubre). Human Rights Watch. https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/08/13/colombia-indigenous-kids-risk-malnutrition-death

4. Regional poverty distribution

   • Almost 39% of the people in the largely Afrocolombian province were living in extreme poverty. Peripheral provinces with a relatively large indigenous population like La Guajira and Cauca also saw extraordinarily high levels of poverty.
     • For Example: Choco continued to be Colombia’s poorest province with a poverty rate of 68.4% in 2019.
       • The poverty rate in the capital Bogota and Colombia’s five biggest provincial capitals is historically considerably lower than on the countryside.
         • Reports, C. (2021, 6 marzo). Poverty and inequality. Colombia News | Colombia Reports. https://colombiareports.com/colombia-poverty-inequality-statistics/