Hypothalamus

Hypothalamus

1. Oxytocin

2. Pituitary Gland

   • Posterior Pituitary
     • ADH (Vasopressin)
       • Too Much ADH SIADH
         • Decreased UOP
         • Decreased Serum Osmolarity (Hemococentration)
         • Increased Urine SG, concetration
       • Too Little ADH: Diabetes Insipidus
         • Polyuria (20-30L daily)
         • Decreased Urine SG, dilute urine
         • Hyponatremia
         • Severe dehydration
   • Anterior Pituitary
     • TSH
       • Thyroid
         • Calcitonin
           • Decrease Serum Ca Levels
           • Inhibits Ca loss from bone
           • Normal levels 8.5-10 mg/dL
           • Increases renal excretion of Ca
         • T3/T4
           • Increase Activity
           • Increase mental process
           • Accelerate Growth in Children
         • Parathyroid
           • PTH
             • Promotes Ca loss from bones
             • Decreases renal Excretion of Ca
             • Increases serum Ca levels
     • GH
     • FSH/LH
     • Prolactin
     • ACTH
       • Adrenal Cortex
         • Mineralcorticoids (Aldosterone)
           • Increase Na+, Decrease K+
           • Blood loss repsonse
           • Stimulates Renin Angiotensin in Kidneys
         • Glucocorticoids (Cortisol)
           • Suppress inflammation/immune response
           • Critical for stress response
           • Promotes protein and fat breakdown to glucose during stress
       • Adrenal Medulla
         • Catecholamines
           • Epinephrine
           • Norepinephrine

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