special topic

special topic

1. subsets of ai

   • Machine Learning
     • the first subset of Artificial Intelligence. It uses past data to solve the problem with the help of statistical methods and trained algorithm models. It learns automatically and improves with experience.
   • deep learning
     • deep learning solves a problem based on enormous amounts of input data with the help of an on-going sequence of mathematical calculations.

2. Artifical Intelligence

   • the theory and development of computer systems able to perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence, such as visual perception, speech recognition, decision- making, and translation between languages

3. Industry 4.0

   • the fourth industrial revolution that is primarily concerned with refining production through the connectedness of industrial systems (computers, sensors, robots, etc.) to ensure that data and information is gathered and used by Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems to inform and improve the manufacturing processes that are taking place.

4. Smart manufacturing

   • term used to describe the combination of operating technologies such as CNC milling machines and lathes and information technologies such as sensors and control systems working together in a real time integrated fashion.
     • Advantages - automated data, predictive maintenance, significant cost reductions, enhanced productivity,

5. Types of AI

   • 1)Reactive machines: Can perform basic operations by reacting to current information and cannot rely on any taught or recalled information to make decisions. 2) Limited Memory: This type of AI can make informed decisions based on data from its memory. This is commonly used in self-driving cars (Figure 8) where observations (like traffic, pedestrians, traffic lights) are combined with pre-programmed information on driving (e.g. how to use a roundabout, which side of the road to be on). 3) Theory of Mind: A more advanced technology where the AI will interpret the world plus the people in it. An example would be a robot that is capable of predicting the responses of others when interacting with them. 4) Self-aware AI: This most advanced type of artificial intelligence involves machines that have consciousness and don’t only recognise it in humans. Technology such as this has not been developed yet.