The Origins of World War 1

The Origins of World War 1

1. Alliances

   • The Triple Alliance
     • Germany
     • Austria-Hungary
       • Dual Alliance made in 1879
     • Italy
       • Triple Alliance formed in 1882
     • Made both Russia and France nervous
   • Triple Entente
     • France
     • Russia
       • Creates the Franco-Russian Alliance in 1892
     • Britain
       • Creates the Entente Cordiale with France in 1904
         • Triple Entente completed with the Anglo-Russian Entente in 1907

2. Morocco

   • The First (1905-06)
     • France wanted to add the uncolonised African country to its empire
       • But Germany objected and demanded an international conference on Morocco's future
         • Germany was made to back down at the Algeciras conference in 1906 by British, Italian, Russian and Spanish support
           • So France took control of Morocco's police and banks!
   • The Agadir Crisis (1911)
     • France sent troops to Fez to fight rebels
       • Germany accused France or trying to get complete control
         • So Sent in a Warship called the Panther
           • Britain feared Germany would attempt to make a naval base at Agadir, which would threaten key sea routes
             • When Britain send ships, Germany backed down and recognised France's influence over morocco
               • Which made Germany more Anti-British

3. The Arms Race

   • Germany vs Britain
     • Weltpoltik
       • Wilhelm increased military size and wanted to expand the German empire
     • The Two Power Standard
       • Britain's Navy had to be as big as the next two strongest navies in Europe put together
     • The Dreadnought
       • Britain created its first one in 1906
       • Germany created its own version in 1907-08
       • By 1914 Britain had 29 and Germany had 17

4. The Balkans

   • Influence
     • Controlled by the Ottomans
       • Very weak from corruption and the rise of Nationalism. (The Sick Man of Europe)
     • Germany wanted to build a railway through the Balkans
     • Italy wanted to control the other side of the Adriatic Sea
     • Austria-Hungary wanted to stop Serbia from stirring up their people
       • The Slavs wanted independence and hoped Serbia would help them
     • Russia wanted sea access from the Black Sea to the Mediterranean
       • Through Turkish controlled straits

5. The Assassination of Franz Ferdinand

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