Memory

Memory

1. SHORT-TERM MEMORY

   • rehearsal
     • repetition
     • elaborative rehearsal
       • relating new to something you know
   • chunking
     • bits of information made larger by chunking
   • eidetic imagery

2. LONG-TERM MEMORY

   • Declarative memory (explicit)
     • Episodic memory (events experienced)
       • K.C. case, motorcycle accident, retrograde amnesia
     • Semantic memory (general knowledge, mental dictionary)
       • hippocampal region involved
         • H.M. anterograde amnesia as result of surgery for seizures
   • Non-declarative memory (implicit)
     • Motor Skills
     • Habits
     • Simple classically conditioned responses

3. SENSORY MEMORY

   • stays a few seconds and disappears, 

4. 3) retrieval of information

   • 2) storage
     • 1) encoding
   • recall
     • searching memory for specific bit of information without retrieval cues
     • state-dependent effect
       • recall better if in the same state as learning it
     • priming
       • earlier account with stimulus aids in remembering stimulus later
     • serial position effect
       • recency effect
         • recall last items in a line-up better
       • primary effect
         • recall first items of a line-up better
   • recognition
     • with retrieval cues
   • relearning
     • saving score
       • percent of time

5. FORGETTING

   • Pospective forgetting
     • forgetting to carry intended action
   • displacement
     • when STM is too full, it pushes outs existing item
   • amnesia
     • after accident or by motivated forgetting
     • anterograde amnesia
     • retrograde amnesia
     • INFANTILE amnesia
   • encoding failure
     • material not put in LTM
   • decay theory
     • disappears over time
   • interference
     • old or new memories intefere with learning or recall
   • cosnsolidation failure
     • failure in consolidation process
   • motivated forgetting
     • to protect onself from unpleasant memories
     • Repression
       • removal of PAINFUL  memories
     • supression
   • retrieval failure
     • inability to locate information
   • TIP-OF-TONGUE PHENOMENON

6. long-term potentiation

7. schemas

   • framework of knowledge and assumptions, helps prcess large amounts of material 
   • testimony

8. reconsturction

   • LTM distorts recent memories
   • distortion

9. permanent record

10. flashbulb memory

    • tragic event, shocking news

11. DEMENTIAS