Pathogens

Pathogens

1. Virus

   • Phenotypic
     • structure and size These techniques include Electron Microscope and X-ray Crystalography
   • Immunological
     • interaction between antigen and antibody. Immunostaining, Haemagglutination inhibition, ELISA
   • Molecular
     • genome of the virus, techniques are Western Blotting, Protein sequencing,
   • Fight against Virus
     • Antiviral medication is used to treat viruses, . Antiviral gets rid of symptoms,

2. Bacterial

   • Immunological
     • the interaction of the microbial antigen with an antigen produced by the host. Agglutination tests, precipitation tests, neutralization tests and ELISA testing
   • Phenotypic
     • Shape and size : Gram testing, Motility test and the phenol red lactose test
   • Molecular
     • The inside structure, Plasmid fingerprinting, Probes, PCR and nucleic acid sequencing analysis
   • Fight against Bacteria/ Pathogen
     • Antibacterial creams, antibiotics which kill the bacteria but they can only be used on bacteria no other pathogen responds to antibiotics..