Consequences of the First opium War

Consequences of the First opium War

1. The Treaty of Nanking 29th August 1842

   • China to cede Hong Kong to British on 99 year lease
   • Opening of 5 Treaty ports to British trade
     • Shanghai
     • Canton (Guangzhou)
     • Ningpo
     • Fuchow (Fuzhou)
     • Amoy (Xiamen)
   • Indemnity $21 million

2. Treaty of the Bogue

   • Signed with the British in 1843
     • Gave them most favoured nation status

3. July 1844 Treaty of Wanghia

   • Gave the US most favoured nation status

4. Treaty of Whampoa

   • Gave France most Favoured nation status

5. Most favoured nation status

   • Guaranteed trade equality
   • Provided a basis to further loss of economic autonomy
   • Leads to extraterritoriality
     • Exception from local laws, and the free movement of missionaries

6. Subsequent Foreign Domination on China

   • 1st Sino Japanese War- 1894-95
     • Humiliation as Japanese seen as inferior
   • Scramble for concessions

7. Reparations- 21 million silver dollars

8. China forced to recognise the superiority of the West- Isolationist way of life no longer possible

9. Chinese people impressed by power of the west

   • Leads to desire to modernise
     • 100 years reforms

10. Christian missionarys allowed into China

    • Taiping rebellion
      • 20 million chinese dead
      • Weakens the Qing