Splenic Disorders

Splenic Disorders

1. Splenomegaly

   • Classify by:
     • Nature of the Enlargement
       • Uniform or Nodular
       • The consistency of the tissue
         • Wet/Blood or Firm
   • Uniform Enlargement
     • Wet Consistency
       • Lots of blood on cut section
       • Congestion
         • Ex. Portal Hypertension
       • Barbituate Euthanasia
       • Torsion
         • Gastric Dilation & Torsion (Takes spleen w/ it)
       • Anthrax
     • Firm Consistency
       • Chronic Stimulation (Anaemia, Infectious Disease)
         • Diffuse Neoplasia
           • Extramedullary Hematopoesis
   • Nodular
     • Wet Consistency
       • Heamatoma
         • Neoplasia
           • Especially Haemangioma/ haemangiosarcoma
             • Haemangioma
             • Haemangiosarcoma
               • Primary Sites (Canine):
                 • Spleen
                   • RT Atrium
                     • Liver (can be 1st & 2ndary site)
                       • Skin
         • Common, usually singular
     • Firm Consistency
       • Nodular Hyperplasia
         • Non vascular(Mesenchymal) neoplsia/ metastasis
           • Inflammation/Abscesses
             • Ex. Rhodococcus equi, Arcanobacterium pyogenes, Strep equi, Bovine traumatic reticuloperitonitis
           • Fibrosarcoma
             • Fibrocytes
           • Leimyosarcoma
             • Smooth muscle cells
         • Benign Nodular Hyperplasia is very common in old dogs
     • Metastases to the Spleen
       • Ex. Malignant Melanoma

2. Atrophy (Ageing/Wasting)

3. Contraction ex. Shock

4. Splenic Rupture

   • Splattered spleen syndrome

5. Siderofibrotic plaques/gamma-gandy bodies

6. Haemosiderin deposits

7. Infarcts

   • In peripheral (subcapsular) zones most prone
   • Where spleen is distended w/ blood, more prone to infarction

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