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1. Access Control: Restrictions to ensure that only authorized personnel access facilities or information.

   • Business continuity plan: Strategy to maintain logistics operations in the face of disasters or crises.
     • 14. Drones: Unmanned aerial vehicles used for surveillance, inventory, or rapid deliveries.
       • 17. ISO 28000 Standards: International Standards for Security Management in the Supply Chain.
         • 19. Logistics risk: Probability of an event occurring that negatively affects the supply chain.
           • 20. Operational redundancy: Duplication of critical resources or processes to avoid disruptions.
             • Predictive analytics: Using data and algorithms to anticipate future events such as failures or outages.
               • QR code: Scannable code that allows quick access to product information or logistics processes.
                 • 23. RFID tags: Radio frequency identification devices used to track products automatically.
   • Collaborative platforms: Systems that allow multiple actors in the chain to share information in real time.
     • in advance. 16. IoT (Internet of Things): Connected devices that collect and transmit data in real time within the supply chain.
       • 17. ISO 28000 Standards: International Standards for Security Management in the Supply Chain.
       • 30. Wearable technology: Devices such as smart watches worn by staff for monitoring and communication in logistics operations.

2. AI (Artificial Intelligence): Technology that simulates human reasoning processes to optimize routes, predict demands, and detect anomalies.

   • Automation: Use of technologies that execute tasks without direct human intervention.
     • Cyberattack: Attempt to damage or access digital systems within the supply chain.
   • Cybersecurity: Protection of computer systems and logistics data against unauthorized access or attacks.
     • Supply chain security: A set of measures to protect
       • Traceability: The ability to track a product throughout the entire supply chain.
         • 29. Video surveillance systems: Cameras and sensors used to monitor warehouses and logistics centers.
   • 10. Data encryption: A technique for encoding digital information, protecting it against unauthorized access.
     • 11. Digital cold chain: Real-time monitoring of temperature in perishable products using IoT sensors.

3. Big Data: Analyzing big data to make more informed decisions in the supply chain.

   • Blockchain: Technology that allows transactions to be recorded in a secure and transparent way, useful for traceability.
     • 12. Digital twin: A virtual replica of a logistics process or facility, used to simulate and improve operations.
     • 26. Security audit: Systematic review to detect vulnerabilities in logistics processes.
   • Digitalization: Conversion of physical processes to digital to improve efficiency and control.
     • 24. Risk management software: Technological tools to identify, assess and mitigate logistics risks.
     • 25. Robotics: Use of automated machines for repetitive tasks in warehouses or production.