12-3: RNA and Protein Synthesis

12-3: RNA and Protein Synthesis

1. genes: coded DNA

2. Structure of RNA

   • RNA has ribose, uracil
   • mRNA, tRNA, rRNA

3. Transcription

   • when a strand of DNA is used to make mRNA
     • RNA polymerase binds to DNA at a promoter, separates strands, uses 1 strand as a template for mRNA

4. RNA Editing

   • introns: sequences of nucleotides that are not used in coding for proteins
   • exons: DNA sequences that code for proteins

5. The Genetic Code

   • codon: 3 consecutive nucleotide that code for a specific amino acid

6. Translation

   • cell uses information from mRNA to produce proteins
     • anticodon: three nucleotides on tRNA that are complementary to each codon

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