Explanations of independent behaviour.

Explain
% independence in study
Comment
Situational: Conformity.
1. Size of group: Asch found that conformity tends to increase as the size of group increases, meaning independent behaviour decreases/
2. one confederate: 97% independent behaviour two = 87% and three = 68%
3. Situational factors will affect rates of independent behaviour. People are more likely to show independent behaviour in a smaller group.
Situational: Obedience
1. Legitimate authority: independent behaviour increases when no legitmate authority is present. Bickman found this by using uniforms.
2. Independent behaviour in Bickmans study: Guard 10% civilian 90%
3. Situational factors will affect rates of independent behaviour. People are more likely to show this behaviour when there is no authority.
Individual differences
1. Locus of control (LOC) refers to the sense of control one feels over their life. If they have an internal (LOC) they feel as if they control their life, where as external (LOC) they feel it's influenced by other factors such as luck and fate
2. Study depends on question
  1. Conformity: Avtgis meta analysis on studies which looked at locus of control and conformity. higher external LOC were more likely to conform.
  2. Obedience: Oliner tested non Jewish people from nazi germany, able to compare 406 people who had protected and rescued Jewish people from the Nazis with 126 who did not. Rescuers had a higher internal LOC.
3. Dispositional factors can affect ates of independent behaviour. People with an internal LOC will show increased levels of independent behaviour

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Explanations of independent behaviour.

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