mod 31 intro to intelligence

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Intelligence quotient

Definition

The ability to learn from experience, solve problems, and use knowledge to adapt to new situations

General intelligence

Underlies specific mental abilities and is therefore measured by tasks on intelligence tests

Factor analysis - statistical procedure to identify clusters of related items on a test

L. L. thurston - created 7 clusters of primary mental abilities

Word fluency, verbal comprehension, spatial ability, perceptual speed, numerical ability, inductive reasoning, memory

Contemporary intelligence theories

Multiple intelligence

Howard gardner

Believed that a person does not have an intelligence but multiple ones that function independently to the others

Aptitude

Linguistic, logical, musical, spatial, kinesthetic, intrapersonal, interpersonal, naturalist

Critics

No measurement for the abilities

Music and athletics are talents not intelligences

Triarchic intelligences

Robert sternberg

Triarchy

Analytical - well defined problems with single right answer

Creative - adapting to new and novel situations

Practical - requirements for everyday tasks

Critics

Triarchy is not independent but have an underlying general intelligence

Emotional

Mayer, salovey, caruso

Ability to perceive, understand, manage and use emotions

Perceive - recognize them in faces, music, and stories

Understand - predict them and how they change

Manage - how to express them

Use - to adapt or creatively think

High scores on emotional tests

Higher quality interactions

Avoid being overwhelmed by negative emotions

Read emotions in others and react appropriately

Better job performance

Intelligence and creativity

Creativity - ability to produce novel and valuable ideas

5 components of creativity (sternberg and lubart)

Expertise - well developed knowledge base

Imaginative thinking - see things in novel ways recognize patterns, make connections

Venturesome personality - tolerates ambiguity and risk, perseveres in overcoming obstacles and seeks new experiences

Intrinsic motivation- motivated by interest, enjoyment, satisfaction, or challenge

Creative environment - sparks, supports, and refines creative ideas

Neurological measurement

Brain anatomy

Neural plasticity - ability to adapt and grow neural connections in response to the environment

Higher educated people have:

More synapses than normal

More grey matter

Functioning

Quick bitterness

Perceptual speed - the speed at which you perceive stimuli. Faster speeds indicate higher intelligence

Neurological speed - the speed at which you process stimuli