Quiz
How we remember and forget
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Fragen in diesem Quiz (16)
1[blank_start]Recall[blank_end] requires people to retrieve information from memory with minimal cues
- ARecall
2There are 3 main types of recall:
[blank_start]Free[blank_end] recall: The participant is required to remember as much as they can in any order.
[blank_start]Serial[blank_end] recall: Remembering info in the order it was presented.
[blank_start]Cued[blank_end] recall: uses prompts (cues) to recall the info.- AFree
- BSerial
- CCued
3[blank_start]Recognition[blank_end] refers to identifying the correct information among a list of incorrect pieces of information.
- ARecognition
4[blank_start]Relearning[blank_end] relates to information that has previously been committed to memory but cannot be retrieved. When it is learnt again for a second time, that is [blank_start]relearning[blank_end].
- ARelearning
- Brelearning
5Retrieval has a measure of [blank_start]sensitivity[blank_end] to it. A more sensitive measure means a person can register the memory is present even if only a small amount of the memory remains. A [blank_start]less[blank_end] sensitive measure requires a large amount of the memory to remain in order to remember it.
- Asensitivity
- Bless
6[blank_start]Relearning[blank_end] is the most sensitive measure of retrieval, [blank_start]recall[blank_end] is the least sensitive.
- ARelearning
- Brecall
7The e[blank_start]ncoding[blank_end] s[blank_start]pecificity[blank_end] p[blank_start]rinciple[blank_end] states that the associations formed at the time of encoding new memories will be the most effective retrieval cues.
- Ancoding
- Bpecificity
- Crinciple
8A second principle is that if we are trying to retrieve information under conditions that are similar to those under which we learnt, we will retrieve it more easily.
For example, if you learnt information while listening to loud music, you will be able to retrieve the information better if loud music is playing.
In this way, this kind of retrieval assistance is called a [blank_start]retrieval[blank_end] [blank_start]cue[blank_end].- Aretrieval
- Bcue
9What are the two types of retrieval cues?
- AContext-dependent cues
- BState-dependent cues
- CContext independent cues
- DEmotional-dependent cue
10[blank_start]Context[blank_end]-[blank_start]dependent[blank_end] cues are those which occur in the external environment while the learning is occurring.
These include: sounds, smells, temperature and other environmental stimuli.
Examples of this occur when people cannot remember much about their childhood but returning to the location of their childhood home, memories come rushing back.- AContext
- Bdependent
11[blank_start]State[blank_end]-[blank_start]dependent[blank_end] cues refer to the internal environment of the learner while the learning took place.
These include the psychological and physiological state of the learner such as: mood, anxiety level, and even their level of sobriety.
Examples of this can occur when people are taking exams. Their level of anxiety might be higher while in an exam and therefore cannot recall the information needed as their internal environment is different.- AState
- Bdependent
12[blank_start]Ineffective[blank_end] coding can help explain occasions where we think we have forgotten information but in reality the information was never coded correctly at the time of learning.
- AIneffective
13There are two examples of ineffective coding:
[blank_start]Pseudo[blank_end]-[blank_start]forgetting[blank_end]: This is where a memory is thought to be forgotten but was never stored in the first place.
[blank_start]Disruption[blank_end] to the consolidation process occurs when we were distracted or prevented from learning.- APseudo
- Bforgetting
- CDisruption
14[blank_start]Retrieval[blank_end] [blank_start]failure[blank_end] [blank_start]theory[blank_end] Is the inability to retrieve material due to an absence of the right cues or a failure to follow them.
Also known as ‘cue-dependent forgetting’ and explains forgetting as the inability stated above.
In other words, the memory is available but not accessible without the relevant cue or word to assist retrieving it from long-term memory. Eg. Needing to go back to where you had the initial thought.- ARetrieval
- Bfailure
- Ctheory
15[blank_start]Retrieval[blank_end] [blank_start]cues[blank_end] Are mental reminders or prompts that we create to assist our recollection later on.
We may create them deliberately or implicity or both.
They could context-dependent, state-dependent or could include physical objects, suggestions or verbal stimuli.
A good retrieval cue is similar to the original encoding of the info.
We need to make a conscious and deliberate effort to create effective retrieval cues.- ARetrieval
- Bcues
16The [blank_start]tip[blank_end]-[blank_start]of[blank_end]-[blank_start]the[blank_end]-[blank_start]tongue[blank_end] phenomenon is the feeling that something we know is just not available to be recalled from memory; an indication that some forgetting is due to retrieval failure.
Two different explanations:
[blank_start]Retrieval[blank_end] [blank_start]failure[blank_end] theory – info available but not accessible
[blank_start]Interference[blank_end] theory – info available but blocked by interference from similar sounding material.- Atip
- Bof
- Cthe
- Dtongue
- ERetrieval
- Ffailure
- GInterference
Informationen
- Beschreibung
- Year 12 Psychology (Memory) Quiz am How we remember and forget, erstellt von Hannah W am 18/02/2025.
- Autor
- Hannah W
- Sprache
- English
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