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Beschreibung
Quiz von Erin Mason, aktualisiert more than 1 year ago
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Erstellt von Erin Mason
vor mehr als 8 Jahre
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Frage 1
Frage
The place where the Seljuk Turks had originated from.
Antworten
-
Persia
-
Anatolia
-
Egypt
-
Central Asia
Frage 2
Frage
The place where the Turks had migrated recently from. They were heavily influenced by its culture and language.
Antworten
-
Scandinavia
-
Romania
-
Persia
-
Europe
Frage 3
Frage
The nomadic Islamic people who had invaded Anatolia in the 1060's after conquering Persia.
Antworten
-
Abbasids
-
Fatimids
-
Egyptians
-
Seljuk Turks
Frage 4
Frage
The Christian land that the Seljuk Turks overran after Manzikert, during the 1070's and 1080's.
Antworten
-
Anatolia
-
Persia
-
Romania
-
Scandinavia
Frage 5
Frage
The territories conquered by the Turks in Anatolia that became a separate sultanate.
Antworten
-
Danishmends
-
Rum
-
Hama
-
Aleppo
Frage 6
Frage
The Seljuk ruler who ruled the empire at its greatest extent and after whose death in 1092 collapsed.
Antworten
-
Alp Arslan
-
Tughril
-
Malik Shah I
-
Barkiyaruq
Frage 7
Frage
The important battle that took place between the Byzantines and Seljuk Turks in 1071. The Byzantine army was routed.
Antworten
-
Harran
-
Inab
-
Ramlah
-
Manzikert
Frage 8
Frage
The leader of the Seljuk Turks who captured the Byzantine emperor at Manzikert in 1071.
Antworten
-
Tughril
-
Alp Arslan
-
Muhammad
-
Malik Shah II
Frage 9
Frage
A reforming pope who had attempted to aid Byzantium after Manzikert.
Antworten
-
Victor I
-
Gregory VII
-
Soter
-
Pius I
Frage 10
Frage
The branch of religion that the Seljuk's had converted to. They recognised the titular authority of the Caliph in Baghdad.
Antworten
-
Shia Muslim
-
Kharijite Islam
-
Sunni Islam
-
Sufism
Frage 11
Frage
The Shia Muslims who controlled Egypt and were at war with the Seljuk Turks over the Levant.
Antworten
-
Seljuk Turks
-
Abbasids
-
The Assassins
-
Fatimids
Frage 12
Frage
The capital of the Eastern Roman Empire and one of the greatest cities in the world.
Antworten
-
Constantinople
-
Alexandria
-
Antioch
-
Niacea
Frage 13
Frage
The division between Eastern and Western Christians that had occurred in 1054.
Antworten
-
Eastern v Western culture
-
The Great Schism
-
Anglicanism
-
Catholic v Protestant
Frage 14
Frage
The Byzantine emperor after Romanos IV. He attempted to repair relations with the papacy in 1073 in order to gain military support.
Antworten
-
Isaac I
-
John II
-
Michael VII
-
Alexios I
Frage 15
Frage
A Turkish cousin of Alp Arslan. He established an understanding with Alexios I and was used to manage threats from the other Turks in Anatolia until 1086.
Antworten
-
Balak
-
Sulayman
-
Bursq
-
Zengi
Frage 16
Frage
A Turk who established a semi - interdependent hold over Smyrna in southern Anatolia in 1084. His fleet threatened the Byzantine islands in the Aegean.
Antworten
-
Sulayman
-
Zengi
-
Caka
-
Nur ad - Din
Frage 17
Frage
A semi - nomadic people that invaded the northern European Byzantine territories. by 1090 they had conquered many of them and were an imminent threat to Constantinople.
Antworten
-
The Assassins
-
Pechenegs
-
Byzantines
-
Turks
Frage 18
Frage
The cunning Norman leader of Sicily until 1085. He was a sworn enemy of the Byzantines. He was an alley of Pope Gregory VII.
Antworten
-
Tancred I
-
William III
-
Henry I
-
Robert Guiscard
Frage 19
Frage
The battle in 1081 that was a decisive Norman victory over the Byzantines. The Normans overplayed their hand shortly after
Antworten
-
Manzikert
-
Ramlah
-
Dorylaeum
-
Dyrrhacion
Frage 20
Frage
In this year the Normans staged a second invasion of Byzantium but Byzantine forces were able to defeat this.
Antworten
-
1081
-
1079
-
1082
-
1084
Frage 21
Frage
At this battle in 1091 the Pechenegs were almost completely annihilated by the Byzantine forces and their Cuman allies.
Antworten
-
Manzikert
-
Ramlah
-
Lebounion
-
Dyrrhacion
Frage 22
Frage
A new gold coinage established in 1092 that was 30% gold, 60% silver and 10% copper. It helped to reduce inflation.
Antworten
-
Pound Sterling
-
Euro
-
Hyperpyron
-
Drachma
Frage 23
Frage
The Patriarch of Constantinople appointed by Alexios I in 1084. He proved loyal to the agenda of the emperor.
Antworten
-
Eustratius Garidas
-
Nicholas III Grammaticus
-
John IX Agapetus
-
Leo Styppeiotes
Frage 24
Frage
The Byzantine general who took the throne in a military coup in 1081.
Antworten
-
Alexios II Komnenos
-
Andronikos I Komnenos
-
Alexios I Komnenos
-
John II Komnenos
Frage 25
Frage
A group descended from the Vikings who had settled in Sicily and raided Byzantine territories.
Antworten
-
Latins
-
Fatimids
-
Assassins
-
Normans
Frage 26
Frage
The pope that Alexius sent a letter to asking for military assistance against the Seljuk Turks.
Antworten
-
Urban II
-
Alexander II
-
Stephen IX
-
Paschal II
Frage 27
Frage
The German (or Holy Roman) Emperor and King of Germany that was locked in dispute with the papacy over investiture.
Antworten
-
Conrad II
-
Henry III
-
Frederick I
-
Henry IV
Frage 28
Frage
A dispute between the papacy and secular princes, especially Henry IV, over who appointed bishops.
Antworten
-
Primogeniture
-
Investiture
-
Feudal & Social
-
Financial
Frage 29
Frage
The allegedly ancient document that popes used to claim theoretical control over western Europe.
Antworten
-
The Bible
-
Dead sea scrolls
-
Nicene Creed
-
Donation of Constantine
Frage 30
Frage
The alpine fortress where Emperor Henry IV begged Pope Gregory VII for forgiveness for three days in the snow in 1077.
Antworten
-
Alpine Wall
-
Hindenburg Wall
-
Canossa
-
Brimstone Hill Fortress
Frage 31
Frage
The spiritual power that the bishops of Rome claimed from St. Peter.
Antworten
-
Jesuitism
-
Petrine Authority
-
Anglo Catholicism
-
Jacobean Authority
Frage 32
Frage
A document listing the powers that the papacy claimed over the church and secular princes.
Antworten
-
Peace of God
-
Donation of Constantine
-
Truce of God
-
Dictatus Papae
Frage 33
Frage
The imperial appointee as archbishop of Milan in 1075. This infuriated Gregory VII and developed into the wider investiture controversy.
Antworten
-
Taticius
-
Petrus
-
Otto
-
Tedald
Frage 34
Frage
The year that the Roman synod was held that forbade lay investiture. Appointments using it were to be invalid and those involved excommunicated.
Antworten
-
1078
-
1076
-
1071
-
1054
Frage 35
Frage
A rival or anti-pope to both Gregory VII and Urban II. His reign ran from 1080 - 1100. He was appointed and backed by Henry IV of Germany.
Antworten
-
Benedict X
-
Honorius II
-
Sylvester IV
-
Clement III
Frage 36
Frage
A prominent and powerful supporter of Gregory VII who aided him against Henry IV. Her forces were part of the Milites Christi.
Antworten
-
Beatrice
-
Bertha
-
Matilda
-
Mildred
Frage 37
Frage
The so-called soldiers of God that were armed men who fought to advance the interests of the papacy both within Italy and against Muslims.
Antworten
-
Soldiers of Peace
-
Milites Dei
-
Christ's Children
-
Milites Christi
Frage 38
Frage
The church council in March 1095 at which Alexios' letter was delivered to Urban II.
Antworten
-
Piacenza
-
Clermont
-
Nabulas
-
Acre
Frage 39
Frage
The church council at Aurvergne in southern France in November 1095 where Urban II launched the First Crusade.
Antworten
-
Clermont
-
Acre
-
Piacenza
-
Nabulas
Frage 40
Frage
What were the five traditional centres of Christianity; each had a patriarch called collectively. Three were in Muslim hands.
Antworten
-
Pentarchy
-
Constantinople
-
Antioch
-
Alexandria
Frage 41
Frage
The centre of Christian faith. Pilgrimage to it had been disrupted by the Seljuk invasion.
Antworten
-
Constantinople
-
Alexandria
-
Antioch
-
Jerusalem
Frage 42
Frage
The tomb in which Jesus Christ had been buried. It was the holiest relic in the Christian faith.
Antworten
-
Holy tomb
-
Grave site
-
Holy Sepulchre
-
Holy Burial site
Frage 43
Frage
An attempt to prohibit all fighting between Western Christians at certain times.
Antworten
-
Peace of God
-
Just War Theory
-
Truce of God
-
Prohibited
Frage 44
Frage
An attempt to protect certain groups such as the church and poor peasants from violence.
Antworten
-
Truce of God
-
Just War
-
Peace of God
-
Knightly Dilemma
Frage 45
Frage
The doctrine developed by St. Augustine that allowed for Christian violence in certain circumstances such as the reclamation of Christian lands.
Antworten
-
Peace of God
-
Truce of God
-
Just War Theory
-
Knightly Dilemma
Frage 46
Frage
The place that the papacy was already seeking to encourage Christians to attack Muslim lands.
Antworten
-
Portugal
-
Spain
-
England
-
France
Frage 47
Frage
The belief that saints acted as intercessors to God and that they existed in a hierarchy.
Antworten
-
A lot of Saints
-
Intercessions
-
Hierarchy of Saints
-
Cult of Saints
Frage 48
Frage
This was a relic that was holy through proximity.
Antworten
-
Cloth
-
Bodily relic
-
Money
-
Brandea
Frage 49
Frage
This was a relic that was literally a part of a saint. They were usually the focus of pilgrimage.
Antworten
-
Brandea
-
Finger
-
Toe
-
Bodily relic
Frage 50
Frage
This was a desire to travel to holy places. The most important of which was Jerusalem.
Antworten
-
Voyagers
-
Deeply religious people
-
Pilgrimage
-
Well travelled
Frage 51
Frage
An act to demonstrate that an individual was seeking forgiveness for their sins. This could include acts such as pilgrimage.
Antworten
-
Forgiveness
-
Love
-
Penance
-
Prayer
Frage 52
Frage
A promise made to crusaders that their previous sins would be wiped clean if they took part.
Antworten
-
Remittance of Sins
-
Forgiveness of sins
-
Repentance
-
Penance
Frage 53
Frage
This meant that Christians saw their actions as justified and holy rather than the sin of murder.
Antworten
-
Just war theory
-
Sanctified Violence
-
Peace & Truce of God
-
Knightly dilemma
Frage 54
Frage
The clash between a knights role to kill and the fear of committing murder. It was solved by the promise of sanctified violence.
Antworten
-
Signs and Wonders
-
Just War Theory
-
Sanctified Violence
-
Knightly Dilemma
Frage 55
Frage
These were natural phenomena that were ascribed to God giving direct instructions to undertake the crusade.
Antworten
-
Signs and Wonders
-
Miracles
-
Preaching
-
Prayer
Frage 56
Frage
The centre of village life in western Europe. It oversaw birth, marriage and death it acted as the heart of the community.
Antworten
-
A home
-
A Hospital
-
Shops
-
Parish Church
Frage 57
Frage
The one-tenth of a Christians income given to the church as an act of religious devotion.
Antworten
-
Donation
-
Tithe
-
Flocks
-
Money
Frage 58
Frage
A crusader who seems to have been motivated mostly by sincere religious devotion as he was already very wealthy.
Antworten
-
Count Emicho
-
Godfrey of Bouillon
-
Bishop Adhemar
-
Raymond of Toulouse
Frage 59
Frage
He was in a poor position in the Holy Roman Empire and was not well liked by Henry IV. He also seems to have been personally pious.
Antworten
-
Bohemond of Taranto
-
Bishop Adhemar
-
Tancred
-
Godfrey of Bouillon
Frage 60
Frage
He was close to Urban II and was sent to represent him on the First Crusade.
Antworten
-
Tedald
-
Taticius
-
Bishop Adhemar
-
Peter the Hermit
Frage 61
Frage
This force religiously motivated peasants and knights ignored Alexios' advice to wait for the princes and were massacred by the Turks.
Antworten
-
1101 Crusade
-
1120 - 24 Crusade
-
People's Crusade
-
Norwegian Crusade
Frage 62
Frage
A charismatic preacher and leader of the People's crusade, he was religiously motivated.
Antworten
-
Tedald
-
Raymond of Toulouse
-
Bishop Adhemar
-
Peter the Hermit
Frage 63
Frage
A German count who led his 'crusading' forces in a pogrom against the Jews of the Rhineland.
Antworten
-
Godfrey of Bouillon
-
Raymond of Toulouse
-
Count Emicho
-
Peter the Hermit
Frage 64
Frage
A motivating factor regarding the potential to gain land that can best be seen in actions of Bohemond, Tancred and Baldwin.
Antworten
-
Greed
-
Feudal Obligation
-
Social Obligation
-
Primogeniture
Frage 65
Frage
An increasingly common law that meant eldest sons inherited, leaving younger sons with little.
Antworten
-
Primogeniture
-
Greed
-
Pilgrimage
-
Feudal & Social Obligation
Frage 66
Frage
The historian who argued that a knight would have had to raise five times his annul income. This would argue against greed as a motivator.
Antworten
-
Jotischky
-
Asbridge
-
Oldenberg
-
J. Riley - Smith
Frage 67
Frage
The Norman Crusader who was hated by Alexios. He was well known for his bravery and skill in battle. He was looking for land and wealth.
Antworten
-
Godfrey of Bouillon
-
Raymond of Toulouse
-
Bohemond of Taranto
-
Tancred
Frage 68
Frage
Bohemond's nephew. He was also seeking lands and fortune and the crusade solved his knightly dilemma.
Antworten
-
Baldwin I
-
Raymond of Toulouse
-
Tancred
-
Josecelin I
Frage 69
Frage
The younger brother of Godfrey who travelled with him. He had left the church to be a knight and was seeking a fortune in the east.
Antworten
-
Raymond of Toulouse
-
Bohemond of Taranto
-
Tancred
-
Baldwin of Boulogne
Frage 70
Frage
This had affected Europe for several years inflicting great hardship on peasants. It might have encouraged him to leave for the holy land.
Antworten
-
Water shortage
-
Famine
-
Money
-
Food
Frage 71
Frage
A motivating factor exploited by Urban II in his specific appeal to senior European nobles. It might have encouraged them to leave for the holy land.
Antworten
-
Social Obligation
-
Feudal Ties
-
Greed
-
Primogeniture
Frage 72
Frage
This social tie played an important role for facilitating the participation for many of the crusader leaders including Baldwin and Tancred.
Antworten
-
Feudal Ties
-
Kinship
-
Greed
-
Primogeniture
Frage 73
Frage
An able warrior but a poor administrator. He saw the crusade as an opportunity to resurrect his reputation.
Antworten
-
Godfrey of Bouillon
-
Baldwin of Boulogne
-
Stephen of Blois
-
Robert of Normandy
Frage 74
Frage
A crusader who was motivated by social pressure from his wife and by the presence of his kin on the crusade.
Antworten
-
Robert, Duke of Normandy
-
Stephen of Blois
-
Godfrey of Bouillon
-
Robert of Flanders
Frage 75
Frage
His family had a long standing connections and friendship with the Byzantine emperors and a history of pilgrimages to Jerusalem.
Antworten
-
Walter sans - Avoir
-
Godfrey of Bouillon
-
Stephen of Blois
-
Robert of Flanders
Frage 76
Frage
A knight and lieutenant of Peter the Hermit. His forces plundered Byzantine territory on the way to Constantinople.
Antworten
-
Stephen of Blois
-
Robert of Flanders
-
Count Emicho
-
Walter Sans - Avoir
Frage 77
Frage
A German city and site of an anti - Semitic pogrom in the summer of 1096 by Count Emicho.
Antworten
-
Anhalt
-
Mainz
-
Brandenburg
-
Berlin
Frage 78
Frage
The incorrect belief that Jews murdered and sacrificed Christian children. They were also blamed for the murder of Jesus.
Antworten
-
The Jews did it
-
Anti - Semitism
-
Blood libel
-
I have no idea
Frage 79
Frage
The place where Emicho's army was destroyed.
Antworten
-
Spain
-
Hungary
-
England
-
America
Frage 80
Frage
The site of intrigue between Alexius and the crusader leaders. They were forced to take an oath to him.
Antworten
-
Antioch
-
Niacea
-
Alexandria
-
Constantinople
Frage 81
Frage
The Turkish sultan of Rum. His Seljuk forces were defeated at Nicea and again at Dorylaeum.
Antworten
-
Malik Shah
-
Giyath al-Din Kaykhusraw I
-
Suleiman ibn Qutulmish
-
Kilij Arslan I
Frage 82
Frage
A rival Turkish Dynasty that Kilij Arslan was at war with Anatolia. This benefited the crusade.
Antworten
-
Sultanate of Rum
-
The Assassins
-
Danishmends
-
Fatimids
Frage 83
Frage
The first target of the Crusade. This city surrendered to the Byzantines and the crusaders felt betrayed.
Antworten
-
Niacea
-
Antioch
-
Jerusalem
-
Constantinople
Frage 84
Frage
Alexios' general and representative. He served as a guide/diplomat in Anatolia and led a small force with the crusade to Antioch.
Antworten
-
Tedald
-
Count Emicho
-
Walter sans - Avoir
-
Taticius
Frage 85
Frage
This site of a major battle and victory for the crusaders in Antioch in July 1097. It demonstrated Bohemond's skill.
Antworten
-
Dorylaeum
-
Ramlah
-
Inab
-
Harran
Frage 86
Frage
The extreme heat made this part of the journey very hazardous and many men were lost.
Antworten
-
Mainz
-
Niacea
-
Anatolia
-
Cicilia
Frage 87
Frage
Tancred and Baldwin travelled here and virtually fought each other for control of its cities.
Antworten
-
Antioch
-
Niacea
-
Jerusalem
-
Cilicia
Frage 88
Frage
The crusade benefited from supplies from the Byzantine territory during the siege of Antioch.
Antworten
-
France
-
Algeria
-
Cyprus
-
Japan
Frage 89
Frage
The siege of this city took ten months and almost destroyed the crusade. It was finally given to Bohemond causing Byzantine fury and the end of Alexios' support for the First Crusade.
Antworten
-
Niacea
-
Jerusalem
-
Tripoli
-
Antioch
Frage 90
Frage
These brothers and rulers of Aleppo and Damascus failed to untie against the crusafers and attacked separately whilst the crusaders besieged Antioch.
Antworten
-
Nizar & Musta‘li
-
Ridwan & Duqaq
-
Richard & Henry
-
Edward & David
Frage 91
Frage
The ruler of Mosul. He led a combined Muslim force to Antioch. It was defeated partly through internal disunity and ill- treatment of his men.
Antworten
-
Nasir al-Dawla
-
Muhammad ibn Musayyib
-
Za'im al-Dawla Baraka
-
Kerbogha
Frage 92
Frage
A convert to Islam who betrayed the garrison at Antioch after making a secret deal with Bohemond.
Antworten
-
Nizar
-
Firuz
-
Ridwan
-
Duqaq
Frage 93
Frage
These Shia Muslims attempted to from an alliance with the crusaders against the Seljuks.
Antworten
-
Seljuk Turks
-
Abbassids
-
Fatimids
-
The Assassins
Frage 94
Frage
The construction and co-ordinated use of these demonstrated military skill and was vital to the capture of Jerusalem.
Antworten
-
Catapults
-
Siege Engines
-
Weapons
-
Artillery
Frage 95
Frage
This so called relic was found in Antioch and played a massive role in raising crusader morale.
Antworten
-
The Holy Lance
-
St Andrews Cross
-
A piece of the True Cross
-
The Holy Grail
Frage 96
Frage
The vizier and chief advisor of Malik Shah. His death shortly before his master's in 1092 crippled the Seljuk empire.
Antworten
-
Nizam al- Mulk
-
Badr al - Jamali
-
al- Muqtadi
-
Musta 'il and Nizar
Frage 97
Frage
The powerful Shia Fatimid caliph who death in 1094 was a major blow.
Antworten
-
Musta 'il and Nizar
-
Nizam al- Mulk
-
al- Mustansir
-
Badr al - Jamali
Frage 98
Frage
The religious conviction of these people carried the crusade forward the leaders were divided at Antioch and Maarat.
Antworten
-
The people's crusade
-
Pilgrims
-
Soldiers
-
Ordinary Crusaders
Frage 99
Frage
The capable Fatimid vizier who died very shortly after his master in 1094.
Antworten
-
al- Mustansir
-
al - Muqtadi
-
Badr al - Jamali
-
Musta 'il and Nizar
Frage 100
Frage
The sons of al- Mustansir who fought for the Fatimid throne after their father's death.
Antworten
-
Ridwan and Duqaq
-
Musta 'il and Nizar
-
Lot and Abraham
-
David and Goliath
Frage 101
Frage
The Abbassid Sunni caliph of Baghdad who died in 1094.
Antworten
-
al- Mustansir
-
al - Muqtadi
-
Badr al - Jamali
-
Musta 'il and Nizar
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