Memory

Tick the psychologists who conducted a study based on EWT

SPERLING (1960) - AN INVESTIGATION ON THE [blank_start]SENSORY REGISTOR[blank_end] In a [blank_start]laboratory[blank_end] experiment, participants were shown a grid with three rows of four letters for 50 [blank_start]milliseconds[blank_end] (0.05 seconds). They then had to recall either the whole grid or a randomly chosen row played straight after the grid was shown. When the participants had to recall the whole grid, they only managed to recall [blank_start]four or five[blank_end] letters on average. When a particular row was indicated, participants could recall on average of [blank_start]three items[blank_end], no matter which row had been selected. The participants didn't know which row was going to be selected, so it could be concluded that they would have been able to recall three items from any row, therefore the whole grid was held in their sensory register. They couldn't report the whole grid because the trace [blank_start]faded[blank_end] before the could finish recall. Because this was a laboratory experiment, it was highly [blank_start]scientific[blank_end]. The variables could be controlled, and it would be easy for someone to replicate the study. However, the [blank_start]artificial[blank_end] setting of the study means that it lacks [blank_start]ecological[blank_end] validity - people don't normally have to recall letters in response to a sound, so the results might not represent what would happen in the real world.

Atkinson and Shiffrin created the Working Memory Model

Tick which factor doesn't distort accuracy when being questioned

Cue-dependent learning: The Idea that individuals remember more if they're in the same [blank_start]mood[blank_end]/context as they were when we [blank_start]coded[blank_end] the [blank_start]memory[blank_end] originally

What are the two ways in which we forget according to psychologists