Karteikarten
Multi-Store Model of Memory
Karten in diesem Stapel (10)
- 1Atkinson and ShiffrinTheir model describes memory in terms of information flowing through stores and processes
- 2Sensory MemorySperling
3 rows of 4 numbers were shown for 5 milliseconds and noise indicated which row to recall. People got 3 out of 4 on average.
Shows that all the information was available for a short time therefore the sensory memory has a large capacity but rapid decay - 3Digit Span TaskPeople usually only get 7+/- 2. Shows the capacity of the short term memory
- 4ConradCoding Study for the Short Term Memory
Participants asked to write down 6 letters that scrolled in front of them, but they mover too fast and some had to be remembered, mistakes were made with letters that sound the same eg B for V
Suggests phonological coding, doesn't rule out semantic - 5BaddeleyParticipants presented with a list of words and immediately asked to recall the list. Some words on the list were similar sounding eg can, cap, cat and some were similar meaning eg small, little
Participants made errors with similar sounding words but not similar meaning ones therefore the STM uses phonological coding - 6Baddeley (2)Similar method to previous experiment except there was a bap between learning and recall so the words entered the LTM. Participants made mistakes based on the meaning of words not the sounds therefore the LTM uses semantic coding
- 7Primacy/Recency EffectPrimacy Effect - Good recall of the start of the list (Words have been rehersed and are in the LTM)
Recency Effect - Good recall of the end of the list (Words are still in the STM) - 8Glanzer and CunitzLooked at the role of rehearsal in relation to the STM. 1 of 2 groups was given a distractor task after learning, the other group recalled immediately.
The group with the distractor only showed the primacy effect. The distractor stopped the last words being rehearsed - 9HMBrain damage meant his STM was fine but he was unable to move new info into his LTM
Shows that they are separate systems - 10Evaluation of Atkinson and Shiffrins ModelA lot of emphasis on structure not enough on process
Over simplified models of the STM and LTM
Shallice and Warrington - There is a difference in STM for verbal and visual memory
Eysenck and Keane - Role of rehearsal doesn't seem to be that important
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- Beschreibung
- A-Levels Psychology (PSYB2 - Memory) Karteikarten am Multi-Store Model of Memory, erstellt von Adam O'Rourke am 30/05/2013.
- Erstellt von
- Adam O'Rourke
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