Karteikarten
Position of America by 1980
Karten in diesem Stapel (17)
- 1Political position of Black Americans- Civil Rights activist groups largely in decline - SNCC, CORE, SCLC
- Black Panthers = internal disputes meant that only 27 members in 1980
- Extremism of Nation of Islam and SNCC
- NAACP continued to bring cases to court
- activists no longer necessary ?? - 2Cultural developments of Black Americans- Effective portrayal of af-am heritage in media = greater social acceptance
- 1970 Watermelon man = highlight racism of white supremacists
- 1976 = foundation of Black History Man
- Music clear area of success - Jackson 5, Stevie Wonder, Barry White
- 1979 Rappers Delight sold 500,000 copies - 3Ghettos- Media success mask remaining issues
- De-facto segregation = poverty, crime and isolated ghettos (Pruitt-Igoe in St Louis)
- Nixon's 1971 'war on drugs' had large impact on black men
- Harsh sentences = criminal mentality - 4Economic position of Black Americans- African-Ams = 12% of total US population
- 43% of those on welfare
- 900,000 in a black "underclass" = low education, unemployed, welfare dependent
- BUT long term impact of education reform = emerging middle class = 31% in 1977
- 1975 = 65% completed high school
- 1978 = 6.4% of managerial appointments filled by black americans (2.8% in 1958)
- BUT "last in, first out" mentality = not secure - 5Mayor Jackson 1973- First black Mayor in Georgia
- remained in office until 1981 :)
- Reinforced the black middle class involvement in city business
- Atalanta's first affirmative action officer employed = rose to 42% of black professional employees
- 25% of city contracts = black firms
- BUT still less than 4% of elected officials in Georgia = black (less than south average)
- 1980 = 1/3 below poverty line v 7% white
- 12.5% black unemployment rate in Georgia 1980 = 3x white rate - 6Position of USA in the world 1980- a concern of Reagans
- Worried not taken seriously after Afghanistan and hostages
- 62% believe USA 'becoming weaker'
- 54% believe US position in the world = weak
- BUT US position was secure
- Arab oil access = :) after Camp David
- Good China relations
- Loss of Vietnam had not caused a domino impact
- Soviets were economically suffering - 7Economic position of USA by 1980- Economy in decline
- Result of
* federal spending on Vietnam and GS
* Energy crisis = rising price of oil
*8.2m unemployed
* $40b trade deficit in 1978
* Value of dollar decreasing
- US now dependent on imported oil
- BUT US still wealthiest in world
- Best funded military and growing technology advances - 8Female position in 1980- Election of Reagan reinforced conservative attitudes towards families
- BUT culture revolution from new attitudes towards work, sex and personal freedom
- Divorce rate = 40%
- 52% of women in work (up from 38% 1960)
- Average wage = 62% behind men
- Largely politically underrepresented = no female senators - 9The new religious right- Election of Reagan highlighted the re-emergence of right wing conservatism
- 'Televangelists' like Pat Robinson = challenge liberal developments
- Estimated 5m evangelical Christians who had never voted before = supported Reagan
- 'moral majority' = blamed US media for corrupting Americas youth
- Help fund Reagan campaign
- 1978 = Jamestown massacre (918 cult members poisoned) and murder of Harvey Milk (Cali gay politician) - 10Result of 1980 election- Reagan won popular vote = 55% and electoral college = 489 v 49
- Carter performance worst ever for incumbent president
- Republican victory in Congress = 53+ HOR and 12+ Senators
- BUT 53% NOT register to vote = result of Watergate and unexciting Demo nomination - 11Reasons for Reagans victory x51) His campaign and reputation
2) Declining Industry
3) Carters reputation
4) Economy failures
5) Foreign policy failures - 12Reagans reputation- almost won 1976 nomination
- Celebrity status = name recognition
- Ease in front of cameras = emerging factor in US campaign
- Good rep as Cali Governor
- Encouraged support of New right with his traditional values
- BUT concern about age - almost 70
- Worried John Anderson = independent candidate would take away votes in key swing states - 13Position of Carter before election- Challenged by Ed Kennedy for Demo nomination
- Damaged by internal/Reagan campaign
- Didn't unite Democrats behind him as not liberal enough ?
- 1980 = only 18% rate him as strong
- Political climate = bad economy and struggling foreign relations - 14Reagan Campaign- Reagan = constant lead in the polls
- Advocated for teaching of 'creationalism' in school and saw VW as 'noble'
- Reagan domestic views in line with public = economy in recession
- Benefitted from being a Washington outsider
- :) in TV debates = smiling and warmer
- Hollywood experience with cameras - 15Declining industry- Strong industry in Japan and Germany = neg. impact on US interests
- high unemployment
- 1980 = 25% unemployment in Detroit
- Difficult relations between Labour Unions and Democrats = normally loyal Demo voters - 16Economy- All failures associated with Carter despite 'natural' problems
- Inflation in double figures
- Federal deficit up $20b in 3 years
- Energy crisis = increased oil prices
- Rising cost of living - 17Foreign policy- Internation decline
- Carter = not trusted with national security
- CONTRAST reagan whose critical policy of the Soviets = popular and strong
- Iranian hostage crisis = approval rating down to 61%
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- A level History (AMERICA) Karteikarten am Position of America by 1980, erstellt von Emily Bevis am 27/05/2018.
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