Karteikarten
week 2 - milgram obedience studies
Karten in diesem Stapel (14)
- 1Milgram (1963) participants and rolesrecruited healthy males to take part in a memory test
experimenter - ran experiment
teacher - participants obeyed orders from the experimenter
learner - confederate who received stimuli from teacher - 2Milgram (1963) procedureteacher will test learners memory and administer electric shocks when the answer was incorrect
participants were sat in front of a shock generator with 30 switches from 15 volts to 450 volts - 3Milgram (1963) learner's complaintsas the experiment went forward, the learner made more mistakes:
90V- "ugh!"
150V- "ugh! experimenter! thats all. get me out of here. my heart's starting to bother me. i refuse to go on"
210V- "ugh! get me out of here i've had enough!"
300V - (agonised scream) "i absolutely refuse to answer anymore"
315V- (intensely agonised scream) "i told you i refuse to answer!"
345V - learner falls silent and stops answering - 4Milgram (1963) prodswhen the participant (teacher) refused to carry on the experimenter would prod them:
- please continue
- the experiment requires you to continue
- it is absolutely essential that you continue
- you have no other choice than to carry on - 5Milgram (1963) predictionsMilgram asked psychiatrists, college students and middle class adults to predict results:
all groups expected participants to stop at 135V
NO ONE THOUGHT ANY PARTICIPANT WOULD GO ALL THE WAY TO 450V - 6Milgram (1963) results65% of participants administered shocks up to 450V (26 out of 40 participants)
35% stopped administering shocks - 7Milgram variationsrun-down building - 48%
experimenter was ordinary person - 20%
experimenter issued commands over the phone - 21%
when learner was in the same room - 40%
participants forced learner's hand on the metal shock plate - 30%
participants were told they would be responsible for any implications in the learner - 15% - 8Adorno et alcame up with an authoritarian scale which helps to determine how obedient a person is based on their personality traits
- 9agentic statethe shift from acting in our own purpose to acting in terms of a authority figure - agentic shift
to reduce any punishment, you must please authority and obey - 10Burger (2009)partial replication of Milgram
did not use stressed individuals
participants were reminded that they could withdraw from the study at any time
70% continued past 150V
55% went all the way to 450V
found no gender differences - 11Sheridan and King (1972)shock puppy
participants could see the puppy being shocked
75% went up to 450V
when shocking insects, 80% went all the way
both studies caused high levels of distress in participants - 12Meeus and Raajmakers (1995)psychological harm study
participants were told to aim cruel remarks at confederates who were getting prepared for a job interview
92% went all the way to the end until the confederate did not want to interview
psychological damage is harder to see therefore more likely to cause obedience - 13Slater et al (2006)vivirtual reality simulation
computer avatar was used in place of a real learner
heart rate was increased with the higher levels of shock - 14Haslam et al (2015)immersive digital realism
real actors playing characters from Milgram's study
acted up to 300V
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- Beschreibung
- UNIVERSITY (CHILD DEVELOPMENT) Karteikarten am week 2 - milgram obedience studies, erstellt von Aamna Khan am 05/02/2019.
- Erstellt von
- Aamna Khan
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