Unit 2: Key Words

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Unit 2: Key Words

Motivation- is why employees want to work hard and effectively for the business

Wage- payment for work, usually paid weekly

Salary- payment for work, usually paid monthly

Commission- payment relating to the number of sales made

Profit sharing- extra money given to employees form a share of profits

Bonus- extra money paid as a result of effort or hard work

Performance-related pay- pay which is related to the effectiveness of the employee where their output can easily be measured

Share ownership- shares in the company are given to employees so that they can become part owners in the company

Appraisal- method of assessing the effectiveness of an employee

Fringe benefits- non-financial rewards given to employees

Job satisfaction- enjoyment derived from feeling that you have done a good job

Job rotation- workers swap around and do each specific task for only a limited time and then change round again

Job enlargement- extra tasks of a similar level of work are added to a worker's job description

Job enrichment- involves looking at jobs and adding tasks that require more skill and responsibility

Organisational structure- refers to the levels of management and division of responsibilities within an organisation

Chain of command- structure in an organisation which allows instructions to be passed down form senior management to lower levels of management

Span of control- number of subordinates working directly under a manager

Line managers- direct responsibility over people below them in the hierarchy of an organisation

Staff managers- specialists who provide support, information and assistance to line managers

Delegation- giving a subordinate the authority to perform particular tasks

Leadership styles- different approaches to dealing with people in a position of authority- autocratic, laissez-faire and democratic

Autocratic leadership- managers expects to be in charge of the business and to have their orders followed

Democratic leadership- gets other employees involved in the decision-making process

Laissez-faire leadership- makes the broad objectives of the business known to employees, but then they are left to make their own decisions and organize their own work

Trade union- group of workers who have joined together to ensure their interest are protected

Closed shop- all employees must be a member of the same trade union

Recruitment- process from identifying that the business needs to employ someone up to the point at which applications have arrived at the business

Job analysis- identifies and records the responsibilities and tasks relating to a job

Job description- outlines the responsibilities and duties to be carried out by someone employed to do a specific job

Job specification- a document which outlines the requirements, qualifications, expertise, physical characteristics... for a specific job

Internal recruitment- is when a vacancy is filled by someone who is an existing employee of the business

External recruitment- is when a vacancy is filled by someone who is not an existing employee and will be new to the business

Part-time- employment is considered to be between 1 and 30-35 hours a week

Full-time- employees will usually work 35 hours or more a week

Induction training- is an introduction given to s new employee, explaining the firm's activities, customs and procedures and introducing them to their fellow workers

On-the-job training- occurs by watching a more experienced worker doing the job

Off-the job training- involves being trained away from the workplace, usually by specialist trainers

Workforce planning- establishing the workforce needed by the business for the foreseeable future in terms of the number and skills of employees required

Redundancy- is when an employees is no longer needed and so loses their job. It's not due to any aspect of their job being unsatisfactory

Ethical decision- a decision taken by a manager or a company because of the moral code observed by the firm

Industrial tribunal- a legal meeting which considers workers' complaints of unfair dismissal or discrimination at work

Contract of employment- a legal agreement between employer and employee listing the rights and responsibilities workers

Message- the information or instructions are passed by the sender to the receiver

Internal communication- between members of the same organisation

External communication- between the organization and other organizations or individuals

Transmitter/sender- of the message is the person starting off the process by sending the message

The medium of communication- the method used to send a message. letter = written communication, meeting = verbal communication

Receiver- the person who receives the message

Feedback- the reply from the receiver which shows whether the message has arrived, been understood and, if necessary, acted upon

One-way communication- involves a message which doesn't call fro or require a response

Two-way communication- when the receiver gives a response to the message and there is a discussion about it

Formal communication- when messages are sent through established channels using professional language

Informal communication- when information is sent and received casually with the use of everyday language

Communication barriers- are factors that shop effective communication of messages