Quiz
Wk 5 - Immunology
Questions in this quiz (25)
1Explain the term: Clinical infection
- AInfections with signs and symptoms
- BInfection with pathogen but no symptoms
2Explain the term: Sub-clinical infection
- AInfection with pathogen but no symptoms
- BInfections with signs and symptoms
3Explain the term: Iatrogenic infection
- AFrom a medical practitioner / intervention (hospital)
- BConfined to one area of body
4How are respiratory infections transmitted? Select Two answers
- A• Droplets (cough-sneeze)
• Saliva
• Soil-dust
• water aerosols - BRespiratory-salivary route - Sneezing propels mucus droplets from the respiratory mucosa, transmitting flu or cold viruses to a new host.
- CContact transmission - (direct & indirect physical contact)
- A• Droplets (cough-sneeze)
5Zoonoses is a term used for what kind of disease?
- A• Direct animal-to-human
• Animal-vector-human
• Human-vector-human - B• Direct animal-to-human
• Animal- faecal-oral-human
• Human-respiratory route-human
- A• Direct animal-to-human
6Explain the term: Endemic
- A– Disease present in a community (region) all the time, usually only clinical in a few
- B– Wide spread disease within a community (region), affecting many people but only occasionally present
7Explain the term: Epidemic
- A– Wide spread disease within a community (region), affecting many people but only occasionally present
- B– Disease present in a community (region) all the time, usually only clinical in a few
8Explain the term: Pandemic
- A– Wide spread epidemic, not confined to a single community or region (more than one continent)
- B– Wide spread disease within a community (region), affecting many people but only occasionally present
9Explain the term: Sporadic
- AWidely scattered disease, occurring singly, irregularly, infrequently
- BWide spread epidemic, not confined to a single community or region (more than one continent)
10What is “Epidemiology”?
- Adeals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of diseases and other factors relating to health.
- Bdeals with the incidence, distribution, and possible control of dermatological diseases and other factors relating to skin care.
11Explain the difference between Morbidity and Mortality
- A• Morbidity
– Number made ill by infective agent
• Mortality
– Number of deaths caused by infective agent - B• Morbidity
– Number of deaths caused by infective agent
• Mortality
– Number made ill by infective agent
- A• Morbidity
12Explain the difference between Incidence and Prevalence
- A• Incidence
– Number of new cases over specific period
• Prevalence
– Number of cases (infected or diseased) at a given time (old and new cases) - B• Incidence
– Number of cases (infected or diseased) at a given time (old and new cases)
• Prevalence
– Number of new cases over specific period
- A• Incidence
13What factors influence the spread of disease in a community? Select Three answers
- A• Virulence of the pathogen
- B• Population susceptibility
- C• Pathogen transmission mode
- D• Education and awareness campaigns to the general public
14List four ways of preventing the spread of disease in a community.
- A• Immunization
- B• Health personnel and community workers
- C• Educate the public
- D• Proper treatment of water supplies
- E• Complete segregation by class
15Which disease of the following disease type would most likely spread quickly through the Perth community and why?
- ARespiratory disease
- BSexually transmitted disease
- CGastroenteritis
16What are the two branches of the immune system?
- AInnate and Adaptive
- BDirect and Indirect
17How does skin protect against bacteria?
- AIntact external barrier, NF, secretions
- BNormal flora eradicates the majority of bacteria
18What white blood cells (WBC) types are phagocytic? Select Four
- ANeutrophils
- BBasophils
- CEosinophils
- DMonocytes
- ET cells
19What type of white blood cell (WBC) is mainly involved in the adaptive immune system?
- Alymphocytes
- Beosinophils
20What antibody types are involved in the primary immune response?
- AB Cells and antibody is IgM (Immunoglobulin M)
- BB Cells and antibody is IgG (Immunoglobulin G)
21What antibody types are involved in the secondary immune response?
- AIgG (Immunoglobulin G)
- BIgM (Immunoglobulin M)
22What type of lymphocyte is involved in cell mediated immunity?
- ATwo populations of T cells involved:
– Cytotoxic T cells (TC)
– Natural Killer cells (NK cells) - BTwo populations of B cells involved:
– Cytotoxic B cells (BC)
– Natural Killer cells (NK cells)
- ATwo populations of T cells involved:
23List the ways antibodies fight infection
- A• Antigens stimulate the generation of antibodies
• Antibodies have specific binding (variable region) regions to specific antigens - B• Antigens stimulate the generation of lymphocytes
• Antibodies have specific binding (variable region) regions to specific antigens
- A• Antigens stimulate the generation of antibodies
24List the antibody isotypes
- A• IgG
– Monomer, most abundant in serum
– largest amount, long term immunity, can cross placenta - B• IgA
– Monomer in serum, dimer in saliva and secretions, most abundant total
– saliva and mucosal surfaces, tear, nasal fluids, milk - C• IgM
– Pentamer, primary response
– first Ab to appear during an infection - D• IgE
– Monomer, stem binds mast cells, basophils and eosinophils causing release if granules
– anti-parasite, allergy - E• IgD
– Monomer, attached to B cells, antigen receptor for activation
– largest Ab - Ag receptor on B cells - F• IgR
– Monomer, most abundant in serum
– largest amount, long term immunity, can cross placenta
- A• IgG
25What are the 4 cardinal signs of inflammation and how do they come about?
- Apain
- Bheat
- Cswelling
- Dredness,
- Einitiation of Chemical Mediators such as Increased vaso-dilation and increased capillary permeability
- Ffever
- Ginitiation of Chemical Mediators such as Increased vaso-constriction and decreased capillary permeability
- Hnausea
Information
- Description
- MEDI1000 Immunology Wk 5
- Author
- Jessica Bulley
- Language
- English
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- 38
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