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Psych 315 Final
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1_______ is the process of self-notes and self-reporting
- AIntrospectionism
- BBehaviorism
- CCognitive Psychology
- DSelf Perception
2______ is only studying what we can observe completely
- AObservational Psychology
- BIntrospectionism
- CBehaviorism
- DCognitive Psychology
3___________ uses the experimental methods of psych to study learning how people remember, pay attention, and think.
- AExperimental Psychology
- BCognitive Psychology
- CBehaviorism
- DIntrospectionism
4Information Processing Psychology assumes we can explain cognition using the same concepts we use to explain _______
- APeople
- BThe stock market
- CAirplanes
- DComputers
5What concepts from Computer Science have made important contributions to the study of Cognitive Psychology?
- AMental Representations
- BManipulation of Symbols
- CDecisions based on comparisons of represented values.
- DComplex procedures made of sequences of simple operations.
- EEmojis
- FSpontaneous Combustion
6Inputs are received at ______, can be either excitatory (positive) or inhibitory (negative), those from many different synapses on dendrites are combined to determine _____
- Adendrites, outputs
- Bthreshold, inputs
- CNeurotransmitter synapse
- DDendrites, inputs
7Output
Outputs are all or none: fires only after input reaches ______.
Action potential travels full length of axon without losing strength
When it reaches end of axon, triggers the release of ______- Athreshold, neurotransmitters
- BInputs, outputs
- Cthreshold, synaptic vesicles
- Dpotential, neurotransmitters
8______ vesicles contain neurotransmitter
Action potential causes vesicles to fuse with outer membrane and release neurotransmitter into synaptic cleft
_______ molecules travel across cleft and attach to receptors on other side.- ASynaptic, Neurotransmitter
- BInput, Output
- COutput, Input
- DNeurotransmitter, Synaptic
9Aphasia is the
- AInability to speak
- BInability to recognize objects
- CIgnoring of some parts of space
- Dinability to perceive color
10Agnosia is the
- AInability to speak
- BInability to recognize objects
- CIgnoring of some parts of space
- DInability to perceive color
11Neglect is:
- AInability to speak
- BInability to recognize objects
- CIgnoring of some parts of space
- DInability to perceive color
12Achromatopsia is:
- AInability to speak
- BInability to recognize objects
- CIgnoring of some parts of space
- DInability to perceive color
13Electroencephalogram (EEG):
- AExcellent temporal and not as good spatial resolution because electrical signals from
several neurons all combined together - BShows precise image of brain, shows structure NOT function
- CExcellent temporal and spatial resolution BUT putting electrode through skull
- AExcellent temporal and not as good spatial resolution because electrical signals from
14X-ray Computer Tomography (CAT)
- AShows precise image of brain, shows structure NOT function
- BExcellent temporal and not as good spatial resolution because electrical signals from several neurons all combined together
- CExcellent temporal and spatial resolution BUT putting electrode through skull
15Single-Cell Recording:
- AExcellent temporal and spatial resolution BUT putting electrode through skull
- BExcellent temporal and not as good spatial resolution because electrical signals from
several neurons all combined together - CShows precise image of brain, shows structure NOT function
16Positron Emission Tomography (PET):
- AFunction NOT structure, okay spatial BAD temporal resolution
- BStructure NOT function, shows map of fat/water
- CPrimarily function, measures blood flow
17Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)
- AFunction NOT structure, okay spatial BAD temporal resolution
- BStructure NOT function, shows map of fat/water
- CPrimarily function, measures blood flow
18Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI)
- AFunction NOT structure, okay spatial BAD temporal resolution
- BStructure NOT function, shows map of fat/water
- CPrimarily function, measures blood flow
19Hindbrain:
- AHeart rhythm, breathing, posture,
balance; Cerebellum - BCoordinating movements, eye
movements, auditory info - CHypothalamus, limbic system,
thalamus, cortex
- AHeart rhythm, breathing, posture,
20Midbrain
- AHeart rhythm, breathing, posture,
balance; Cerebellum - BCoordinating movements, eye
movements, auditory info - CHypothalamus, limbic system,
thalamus, cortex
- AHeart rhythm, breathing, posture,
21Forebrain:
- AHeart rhythm, breathing, posture,
balance; Cerebellum - BCoordinating movements, eye
movements, auditory info - CHypothalamus, limbic system,
thalamus, cortex
- AHeart rhythm, breathing, posture,
22Frontal Lobe:
- APlanning, working memory, motor
control - BSpatial location, manipulating objects,
touch - CObject recognition, LTM, auditory
processing - DEarly visual processing
- APlanning, working memory, motor
23Parietal Lobe
- APlanning, working memory, motor
control - BSpatial location, manipulating objects,
touch - CObject recognition, LTM, auditory
processing - DEarly visual processing
- APlanning, working memory, motor
24Temporal Lobe:
- APlanning, working memory, motor
control - BSpatial location, manipulating objects,
touch - CObject recognition, LTM, auditory
processing - DEarly visual processing
- APlanning, working memory, motor
25Occipital Lobe
- APlanning, working memory, motor
control - BSpatial location, manipulating objects,
touch - CObject recognition, LTM, auditory
processing - DEarly visual processing
- APlanning, working memory, motor
26Cones are ______ sensitive to light and there are/is _____ type. More heavily represented in ______
- Aless, three, fovea
- Bmore, one, periphery
- Cmore, two, pupil
- Dless, five, superior colliculus
27Rods are ______ sensitive to light and there are/is _____ type. More heavily represented in ______
- Aless, three, fovea
- Bmore, one, periphery
- Cless, two, pupil
- Dmore, five, superior colliculus
28Colorblindness is due to:
- AWhich cones are present
- BInjury
- CWhich rods are present
- DBecause my mom said so
29Information from one side of the visual field is routed to the _____ side of the brain.
- Acontralateral
- Blateral
- Cretinal
- Dboth
30The superior colliculus is important for _____ movements
- Aeye
- Bhand
- Chead
- Dtoe
31The axons of the retinal ganglion cells lead from the retina to the________ of the ________
- ALateral Geniculate Nucleus (LGN), thannalmus
- BPrimary Visual Cortex, V1 monocular
- CCones, forebrain
- DRods, hypothalamus
32WHAT Pathway: Object recognition, receives information about color, orientation, form. Damage can cause visual agnosia; Inferotemporal Cortex
- ATrue
- BFalse
33WHERE Pathway: Representing locations of things, includes representation of speed and direction of motion. Damage can cause spatial neglect; Located in the Posterior Parietal Cortex
- ATrue
- BFalse
34The word superiority effect is the data pattern in which research participants are more accurate and more efficient in recognizing letters if the letters appear within [blank_start]word[blank_end] than they are in recognizing letters appearing in [blank_start]isolation[blank_end].
- Aa word
- Bisolation
- Cnonsense
- Disolation
- Ea word
- Fnonsense
35Repetition priming is a pattern of priming that occurs simply because a stimulus is presented [blank_start]a second time[blank_end]
- Aa second time
- Bat all
- Cfor the first time
- Din text
36A problem with object recognition is:
- ADistance
- BOrientation
- CDepth
- DSpelling
- EColor
37Biederman: Recognition-by-Components (RBC) assumes complex shapes are made of combinations of simple shapes, these simple shapes may be recognizable at different orientations. These shapes, known as _______, make up objects.
- AGeons
- BKlingon
- CLeons
- DNeons
38The Feature Integration Theory: (Triesman and Gelade) proposes feature differences can be detected in parallel,_______. Different types of features must be combined using _______.
- AWithout attention, with attention
- BWith attention, without attention
- CWith a little attention, with a lot of attention
- DWith a lot of attention, with a little attention
39Illusory Conjunctions:
- AAttention is necessary to combine features from different dimensions
- BIf features cannot be correctly “bound” by attention, then they may be combined incorrectly
- CExperiment involving black letters and shapes
- DAssumes complex shapes are made of combinations of simple shape
- EWord appears for brief second, then “mask” follows at same position to stop processing of stimulus
40According to Shiffrin and Schneider (1977), practice can eliminate interference in some tasks. To examine this, they used two different types of mapping. _______ Mapping, in which target-set and distractor-set are not alike (i.e. numbers and letters). _______ Mapping, in which target-set and distractor-set are the same
- AConsistent, varied
- BVaried, consistent
- CConsistent, interference
- DInterference, consistent
41Each cognitive task draws on a collection of cognitive resources. When two tasks require the same resources, they:
- AInterfere with one another
- BWork together
- CDraw from the same resource with no effect
- DCause the brain to explode
42Long-term Memory (LTM):
- ASignificantly larger capacity than STM
- BInfo can remain in LTM for years
- CInfo must be loaded into STM to be recalled
- DOne way to get information into Long Term Memory is through rehearsal
- ESignificantly smaller capacity than STM
- FInfo can remain in LTM forever
- GInfo doesn't need the STM to be recalled
43The recency involves the recall of memory. In recalling,
- AWords are still in STM, easy to recall. However effect can be weakened by overloading STM (participants count back by 3’s)
- BWords are still in LTM, easy to recall. However effect can be weakened by overloading LTM (participants count back by 3’s)
- CMore rehearsal means better recall. A slower presentation of words means a greater effect.
- DLess rehearsal means better recall. A slower presentation of words means a smaller effect.
44The primacy involves the recall of memory. In recalling,
- AWords are still in STM, easy to recall. Effect can be weakened by overloading STM (participants count back by 3’s)
- BWords are still in LTM, easy to recall. Effect can be weakened by overloading LTM (participants count back by 3’s)
- CMore rehearsal means a better recall. If words are presented more slowly, then effect greater,
- DLess rehearsal means a better recall. If words are presented more slowly, then effect smaller,
45The phonological buffer is used:
- Aas a passive storage system used for holding a representation of recently heard or self-produced sounds.
- Bfor storing visual materials such as mental images, in much the same way that the rehearsal loop stores speech-based materials.
- Cwith the proposal that this term is merely the name for an organized set of activities
- Dto set goals, make plans for reaching those goals, and select the steps needed for implementing those plans.
46What sort of symptoms ailed patient H.M.?
- ASevere anterograde amnesia,
- BWeak retrograde amnesia after surgery
- CNo new explicit long term memories
- DCan carry on a normal conversation
- ECannot carry on a normal conversation
- FWas able to remember everything prior to injury, but new memories are not retained
47Damage to the [blank_start]hippocampus[blank_end] and related brain structures impairs ability to form new long-term explicit memories, not working memory or implicit memory.
- AHippocampus
- BHypothalamus
- CCerebellum
- DCortex
48Subjects are generally faster to identify a word as a word if they have seen it recently. As with tachistoscopic reading, not a direct memory test, demonstrates some type of memory. The priming in this is another demonstration of memory without awareness, or implicit memory
- ALexical Decision Task
- BFamous Names Test
- CFeature Integration Theory
- DRaven's Progressive Matrices
49When identifying famous names, subjects often choose unknown names that they saw
24 hours previously. These names sometimes seem familiar, but without any source memory as to where they were seen. Shows the effect of exposure to a stimulus, without asking for explicit memory of the episode in which the stimulus was seen.- AFamous Names Test
- BLexical Decision Task
- CFeature Integration Theory
- DIntelligence Tests
50According to Collins & Quillian (1969), it takes [blank_start]longer[blank_end] to confirm that a canary is an animal than that a canary is a bird. Possibly because it takes [blank_start]longer[blank_end] to reach in the hierarchy .
- Alonger
- Bthe same amount of time
- Clonger
- Dshorter
- Ethe same amount of time
51According to Anderson (1974), it takes [blank_start]longer[blank_end] to build up activation when the nodes involved have [blank_start]many[blank_end] connections. This could be due to the Fan Effect: number of connections to a node.
- Alonger
- Bshorter
- Cthe same amount of time
- Dmany
- Efew
- Fno
52According to Barbara Tversky, performance [blank_start]better[blank_end] when subjects can tailor their encoding for the specific type of test.
- Ais better
- Bis worse
- Cis no different
53Episodic memory:
- ARecall of event, recall generally requires a source memory
- BBeing reminded of the learning context helps retrieval because the context is encoded along with the learned material
- CWhen a word seems familiar, but you cannot remember specifically learning/hearing it
- DProduce list of items seen before without examples
54Syntax is:
- AOur ability to combine words into sentences.
- BSet of syntactic rules that determine whether a sequence of words is a
grammatical sentence - CIf the structure of a sentence can be described by the phrase structure rules, then it is grammatical.
- DAll of the above
- ENone of the above
55Broca's Aphasia
- ARelatively good comprehension, have problems with function words. Severely disrupted production
- BUnable to comprehend speech. Produce speech that is fluent but meaningless.
- CCannot name objects. May be only certain classes of objects: concrete nouns, abstract nouns, inanimate objects, colors
- DGood hearing, can speak, write, and read. Cannot understand speech
56Wernicke's Aphasia
- ARelatively good comprehension, have problems with function words. Severely disrupted production.
- BUnable to comprehend speech. Produce speech that is fluent but meaningless.
- CCannot name objects. May be only certain classes of objects: concrete nouns, abstract nouns, inanimate objects, colors.
- DGood hearing, can speak, write, and read. Cannot understand speech.
57Anomia:
- ARelatively good comprehension, have problems with function words. Severely disrupted production
- BUnable to comprehend speech. Produce speech that is fluent but meaningless.
- CCannot name objects. May be only certain classes of objects: concrete nouns, abstract nouns, inanimate objects, colors
- DGood hearing, can speak, write, and read. Cannot understand speech
58Pure Word Deafness
- ARelatively good comprehension, have problems with function words. Severely disrupted production
- BUnable to comprehend speech. Produce speech that is fluent but meaningless.
- CCannot name objects. May be only certain classes of objects: concrete nouns, abstract nouns, inanimate objects, colors
- DGood hearing, can speak, write, and read. Cannot understand speech
59Image scanning done by Stephen Kosslyn found the [blank_start]longer[blank_end] the "distance" scanned in the image, the [blank_start]longer[blank_end] the time before the scan is completed.
- Alonger
- Bshorter
- Clonger
- Dlack of change
60In tests of mental rotation done by Roger Shepard, reaction time [blank_start]increases[blank_end] with the amount of rotation from the normal orientation.
- Aincreases
- Bdecreases
- Cdisplays no change
61A propositional, or descriptive, representation has:
- Aa truth value
- Ban untrue value
- Ca value that cannot be deemed true or false
62Analog (depictive) Representation is something about form of representation that ______ form of thing it represents.
- Amatches
- Bdoes not match the
- Cis a true
- Dis an untrue
63According to Kosslyn, what does imagery rely on?
- Aanalog image buffer
- Bphonological buffer
- Cvisual buffer
- Dvisiospatial buffer
64When Bisiach & Luzzatti (1979) studied a patient from Milan with left neglect, they found:
- AThey only attended to things on the right visual field
- BThey only attended to things on the left visual field
- CDescribes only buildings to the right
- DDescribes only buildings to the left
- EWhen switching to the opposite side, they now only describe only buildings on right, which were the buildings previously ignored
- FWhen switching to the opposite side, they now only describe only buildings on left, which were the buildings previously ignored
65[blank_start]Availability[blank_end] Heuristic: Strategy for estimating the frequency with which something occurs.
- AAvailability
- BRepresentativeness
- CFrequency
66[blank_start]Representativeness[blank_end] Heuristic: Estimate probability that an exemplar belongs in a category by assessing how representative that event is of the appropriate category.
- ARepresentativeness
- BAvailibility
- CProbability
67Most people tend to seek [blank_start]confirming[blank_end] evidence rather than [blank_start]disconfirming[blank_end] evidence due to [blank_start]confirmation[blank_end] bias.
- Aconfirming
- Bdisconfirming
- Cconfirmation
- Ddisconfirmation
- Edisconfirming
- Fconfirming
68In functional fixedness, there is a tendency to be rigid in thinking about an object’s function. The problem set is like a heuristic, which helps to reduce options, but may also eliminate possible solutions. What is the key for solving this problem?
- ACreativity
- BLogic
- CHill-climbing problem solving
- DMeans-end problem solving
69Wallas (1926) argued that creative thought proceeds in four stages. What are these four stages?
- APreparation
- BIncubation
- CIllumination
- DVerification
- EIntelligence
- FFluid thinking
70What is general intelligence?
- AOne pervasive measure. Factor analysis: looks for common factors—“ingredients”, reveals a general intelligence factor, or g
- BThe ability to deal with new and unusual problems
- CAcquired knowledge, including your verbal knowledge and your experience
- DIntelligence needed in day-to-day settings
71What is specialized intelligence?
- AEach measure is separate
- BOwn's emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions
- CIntelligence needed in day-to-day settings
- DThe ability to deal with new and unusual problems
72What is hierarchical intelligence?
- ASome aspects are shared across tests
- BEach measure is separate
- CIntelligence needed in day-to-day settings
- DOwn emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions
73What is fluid intelligence?
- AThe ability to deal with new and unusual problems. Decreases with age.
- BAcquired knowledge, including your verbal knowledge and your experience. Improved with age
- CIntelligence needed in day-to-day settings
- DOwn emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions
74What is crystallized intelligence?
- AAcquired knowledge, including your verbal knowledge and your experience. Improved with age
- BThe ability to deal with new and unusual problems. Decreases with age.
- CIntelligence needed in day-to-day settings.
- DOwn emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions
75What is practical intelligence?
- AIntelligence needed in day-to-day settings
- BThe ability to deal with new and unusual problems
- COwn emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions
- DAcquired knowledge, including your verbal knowledge and your experience
76What is emotional intelligence?
- AIntelligence needed in day-to-day settings
- BOwn emotions and others’ and the ability to control your emotions
- CThe ability to deal with new and unusual problems
- DOne pervasive measure
77What are some examples of Multiple Inteligences as proposed by Howard Gardner?
- Apsychometric
- Blinguistic
- Cspatial
- Dmusical
- Enaturalistic
- Ftv fun facts
- Gfood recipes
78Environment and genetics play the largest role in intelligence.
- ATrue
- BFalse
79In the Flynn Effect, intelligence decrease up 3 points per decade and can be genetic
- ATrue
- BFalse
80There are no reliable difference between men and women in their overall IQ scores
- ATrue
- BFalse
81Genetic similarities and economic differences are great for intelligence, leads to stereotype threats.
- ATrue
- BFalse
82The word “consciousness” is used to refer to a number of different things such as:
- AAwareness
- BThinking
- CSelf-consciousness
- DExperience
- EAbility
- FGrades
83Awareness refers to:
- AWe are aware of some mental events, but not others
- BSolving problems, learning, executing
- CIntrospection, mental representation of self
- DWhat is it like to be conscious? Could your conscious experience be produced by the activity in your brain?
84Thinking refers to:
- AWe are aware of some mental events, but not others
- BSolving problems, learning, executing
- CIntrospection, mental representation of self
- DWhat is it like to be conscious? Could your conscious experience be produced by the activity in your brain?
85Self consciousness refers to:
- AWe are aware of some mental events, but not others.
- BSolving problems, learning, executing
- CIntrospection, mental representation of self
- DWhat is it like to be conscious? Could your conscious experience be produced by the activity in your brain?
86Experience refers to:
- AWe are aware of some mental events, but not others.
- BSolving problems, learning, executing
- CIntrospection, mental representation of self
- DWhat is it like to be conscious? Could your conscious experience be produced by the activity in your brain?
87A person has damage to primary visual cortex (V1) . Patient claims to be blind in affected area. When forced to guess about visual stimuli, responses more accurate than chance. They have access to visual information that they are unaware of. Even though they are unaware of this information, it can be used to guide their behavior as they avoid obstacles when walking. What does this patient have?
- ABroca's aphasia
- BBlindsight
- CAchromatopsia
- DAnomia
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- Psychology Quiz on Psych 315 Final, created by Giana Vittoriso on 11/12/2019.
- Author
- Giana Vittoriso
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- English
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