Flashcards
separating mixtures
Cards in this deck (8)
- 1What is the difference between a compound and a mixture?a compound is joined by a chemical bond whereas a mixture is purely physical
- 2How can mixtures be separated?• filtration
• crystallisation
• distillation
• chromatography - 3filtration• separating an insoluble solid from a liquid, ie. sand from water
• the sand trapped is the residue and the water passing through is the filtrate - 4crystallisation• separating a soluble solid from a liquid, ie. salt from water
• a water bath can be used or the solution can be left to evaporate at room temperature - 5distillation• separating two liquids with a significant difference in boiling points, ie. water from ethanol
• the mixture is heated then the ethanol evaporates and cools in the condenser and is then collected as a pure liquid - 6Define miscible and immiscible liquids.immiscible: liquids that do not dissolve into each other, ie. oil and water
miscible: liquids that do dissolve into each other, often separated using fractional distillation - 7fractional distillation• used if the boiling points of the two liquids are close, with a fractionating column
- 8chromatography• a separation technique used to separate and identify components of a coloured compound, ie. inks, dyes, colouring agents
• as the solvent rises up the chromatogram, the dyes are separated, with different dyes travelling different distances up the paper
Information
- Description
- • 1.3: separating mixtures • 1.4: fractional distillation/paper chromatography
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- Farha Idrees
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