Flashcards
3.1.4 Hardware
Cards in this deck (32)
- 1What is the Computer Processing unit's three main sections?Control Unit
Memory Unit
ALU (Arithmetic & Logic Unit) - 2What does the Control Unit do?Manages the continuous Fetch, Decode Execute Cycle
- 3Explain the FDE CycleInstructions fetched from the main memory
The decoded so the computer knows what to do with them
Assigned to different parts of the processor for Execution
Uses control signals to other parts of the Computer to Execute - 4What does the ALU do?Performs Arithmetic
Performs Logical Comparisons
All inputs and outputs pass through - 5What is the Memory Unit?Stores OS, active software and currently active software
- 6?What are the four types of Registers?Program counter
Memory Address Register
Memory Data Register
Current Instruction Register - 7What does the program counter do?Points to the next instruction.
Controls the order of instructions to be read
Incremented after being read - 8What does the Memory Address Register do?Stores the address of the next memory to be read or used
- 9What does the Memory Data Register do?Searches the address being held in the MAR then copies the data/instruction
- 10What does the Current Instruction Register do?Hold the instruction while it is being decoded & executed
Beings with the operation code - 11What is the Accumulator?All inputs and outputs pass through
Holds the data being processed or the results of processing - 12Definition of a 'Bus'a parallel group of wires able to transmit groups of bits together from one location to another
- 13What are the three types of Buses?Data
Address
Control
(Local) - 14What does the Data bus do?Carries data from one register to another. Two way transfer.
- 15What does a Address bus do?Carries information from where the data is being sent to or collected from.
- 16What is a Control Bus?Sends control signals from the control unit to the other parts of the processor
- 17What does the Local Bus do?Controls the flow of large amounts of data.
Connect parts across the motherboard
Connects the processor to the main & cache memory
Connects the processor to hard drive - 18What is RAM and what does it do?Memory is erased when power is turned off..
Allows fast asses to data
Fast and Volatile - 19What is ROM and what does it do?Read only memory
Memory not erased when turned off
Used for programs needed as soon as turned on
Non Volatile - 20What is Cache and what does it do?Used by the CPU
Static RAM
Small Capacity
Very Fast - 21Three types of secondary storageMagnetic
Optical
Solid State - 22Two types of Magnetic storageHard drive
Tape - 23Advantages of Magnetic StorageCapacity is enormous
Excellent reliability - 24What is Solid State Storage?No Moving Parts
Fast
Less prone to damage
Produces less noise and heat
More expensive - 25What is Optical Storage?CD's, DVD's & Blu-Ray
Read Only
Read by a laser
Slow Speed
Small Capacity
Damaged Easily - 26What is a Buffer?Small area of memory used to accommodate current data. Allows processor to leave that job and move on.
- 27What is a Interupt?CPU must respond to instructions as they happen
Waits for a signal that a new instruction has arrived
Gives CPU a new task - 28How are Buffers and Interrupt used?Data sent to buffer from Primary memory
Interrupt sent when buffer is full
When Buffer is empty
Interrupt is sent to processor - 29What are the three different types of Cables?Co-Axial
Twisted Pair
Fibre Optic - 30What is a Co Axial Cable?Copper Cable
Used for TV Aerials
Covered in instillation - 31What is a Twisted Pair Cable?Eight pairs of cables
Delivers a Greater bandwidth - 32What is a Fibre Optic Cable?Glass thread
Light sent along the cable
Reflected Internally
Fast & Reliable
Expensive
Information
- Description
- A Level Computing (F451) Flashcards on 3.1.4 Hardware, created by Molly Hills on 30/11/2014.
- Created by
- Molly Hills
- Views
- 14
- Tags
- Rating