Flashcards
Atomic Structure
Cards in this deck (38)
- 1What is an isotope?An isotope is when two of the same elements have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons
- 2Charge of protons, neutrons and electrons+1
0
-1 - 3Protons are equal to ...The atomic number and number of electrons
- 4How are neutrons found?Mass number- Atomic number
- 5Order of mass spectrometerVaporization
Ionization
Acceleration
Deflection
Detection - 6What is the relative atomic mass formula?
- 7Define the term relative atomic massThe ratio of the average mass of the atom of the unified atomic mass unit
- 8Energy order of sub shellsS < P < D < F
- 9How do shells differ?Each shell is different from another with respect to energy
- 10How does the distance between shell and nucleus affect the energy levels?The closer the shell is to the nucleus the lower the energy is. The first shell contains maximum energy while the last shell contains minimum energy
- 11State a physical property that is different for isotopes of an elementmass/density for gases
rate of effusion or diffusion
melting point
boiling point - 12What does N signify ?The principal quantum number (n) is the highest occupied energy level
- 13What does 2n^2 mean?Each main energy level can hold maximum number of electrons given by 2n^2
- 14How does position of N affect the mean positionAs N increases, the mean position of an electron is further from the nucleus
- 15What is the energy order of electron configuration?1S, 2S, 2P, 3S, 3P, 4S, 3D, 4P, 5S, 4D, 5P, 4F, 5D, 5F,
- 16How to write a condensed configurationStart with a noble gas and the remaining configuration
Ex. For Zn=30 Ar=18
(Ar) 4S2, 3D10 - 17Why does 4S come before 3PThe switch is there because it gives more stability and less energy is used.
- 18How does a cation or anion affect the electron configuration?If cation: remove electron
If anion: Add electron - 19Which two elements are an exception to electron configuration?Copper and Chromium
- 20What is the rule when writing electron configurations?Half-filled and completely filled atomic orbitals are more stable than partially filled atomic orbitals
- 21How many types of spectrum are there?Continuous and line spectrum
- 22How does continuous spectrum differ from the line spectrum?Continuous spectrum has no clear boundaries between colors. Rainbow or white light through a prism. VIGBYOR
Line spectrum looks like a barcode. There is Atomic emission spectrum obtained when an element emits radiations and atomic absorption - 23What is the combined equation for gas?E= hC/upside down Y
Energy of photon
E= -RH[1/n^2]
Energy of electron - 24What are the electronic transition seriesLymam series : UV region
Paschan series : IR region
Balmer series: Visible light region - 25Describe relationship of spectrum lines and energyEach spectrum consists of lines and as distance decreases energy increases.
- 26What does Bohr's atomic model explain?It explained how electrons could jump from one orbit to another only by emitting or absorbing energy in fixed quanta.
After electrons gains energy it jumps to a new level. - 27Quantum photon and Eliphitical shape of atomsDelta E= E2-E1
- 28What is Heisenbergs uncertainty principle?Momentum= Velocity x mass
It is impossible to know momentum and position of electron because it cant be precisely measured simultaneously - 29How many number of ways best describe electrons?4 numbers
- 30What is the principal quantum number?N represents the relative overall energy of each orbital, and the energy of each orbital increases as the distance from the nucleus increases.
N= 1, 2, 3, 4.... - 31what is referred to as electron shells?The sets of orbitals with the same n value are often referred to as electron shells or energy level
- 32What makes up Azimuthal quantum number?a quantum number for an atomic orbital that determines its orbital angular momentum and describes the shape of the orbital.
Atomic sub shells:
S
P
D
F - 33What are the magnetic quantum numbers?determines the number of orbitals and their orientation within a sub shell.
Atomic orbitals of sub shells
S P D F
1 3 5 7 - 34What are the Spin quantum number?a value (of 1/2) that describes the angular momentum of an electron. An electron spins around an axis and has both angular momentum and orbital angular momentum.
- 35How to write electron configuration
- 36Which is related to the number of electrons in the outer main energy level of the elements form the alkali metals to the halogens?The group number
- 37how many valence electrons are present in an atom of an element with atomic number 16 ?6
- 38What are valence electrons?AN electron that is associated with an atom, and that can participate in the formation of a chemical bond; in a single covalent bond, both atoms in the bond contribute one valence electron in order to form a shared pair.
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- 2016 Chemistry Flashcards on Atomic Structure , created by Hadeel Alarfaj on 05/12/2014.
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- Hadeel Alarfaj
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