Flashcards
Theories, Theorists and Tests
Cards in this deck (21)
- 1NativistsHumans have an inbuilt capacity to acquire language.
Chomsky, Lenneburg - 2BehaviouristsLanguage is acquired through imitation and reinforcement.
Skinner - 3Social InteractionistsChild Language develops through interaction with carers.
Bruner, Vygotsky - 4Cognitive TheoristsLanguage Acquisition is part of a wider development of understanding.
Vygotsky, Piaget - 5Arguments for the Nativist theoryChildren experience the same stages of development at the same pace
Make overgeneralisations
Make their own rules for language use
Produce correct language even after hearing incorrect adult language.
Wug test - children apply grammatical rules. - 6The Wug Test (1950s)Berko.
75% of 4-5 year olds added 's to make it plural, proving that children apply grammatical rules. - 7Arguments against the Nativist theoryChildren learn how to use language correctly
Children need input to improve their pragmatic understanding
Children who have been deprived of social contact can't communicate as well. - 8GenieDeprived of social contact for 13 years.
Unable to learn speech beyond a basic level.
Supports critical period hypothesis.
Challenges Chomsky's innate capacity. - 9ChomskyNativism
Language Acquisition Device
Innate Capacity to learn language
Universal Grammar - 10LenneburgNativism
'critical period' of 5 years before children lose the ability to have full communicative competence. - 11Arguments for the Behaviourist TheoryChildren imitate accent and dialect.
Children learn politeness and pragmatic aspects of language.
Children repeat language they have heard around them. - 12Arguments against the Behaviourist TheoryChildren:
can form sentences they haven't heard before.
Children
aren't negatively reinforced for language use.
aren't always corrected for incorrect grammar.
Fis phenomenon - children hear and understand pronunciation but can't physically say it.
Research conducted on rats and pigeons. - 13The 'fis' Phenomenon (1960s)Berko and Brown.
Shows how a child knows and understands the correct pronunciation of a word but cannot physically say it themselves. - 14SkinnerBehaviourist
Children imitate adults.
Positive and Negative reinforcement conditions children into using the correct language. - 15Arguments for social interactionist theoryRoutines teach children about spoken discourse structure such as turn-taking.
Children do learn politeness and verbally acceptable behaviour.
Pretend play suggests that more interaction with carers can affect vocabulary.
Halliday's research supports social interaction.
Vincent. - 16VincentHearing child born to deaf parents.
Watched TV but ignored the sounds.
Learned to speak at school where people talked to him. - 17Arguments against social interactionist theoriesChildren from countries that do not promote interaction with children still become fluent.
- 18BrunerSocial Interactionist.
Language Acquisition Support System.
Ritualised activities encourage language development.
Scaffolding - 19Arguments for cognitive theoriesChildren can't grasp aspects of language until they are ready.
Produce utterances which increase with complexity as they master a skill.
Belugi's pronoun and question formation. - 20Argument against cognitive theorieschildren with learning difficulties can use language beyond their understanding.
children acquire language without understanding it in the early stages of development.
fis phenomenon - physical inability impacts language. - 21PiagetCognitive.
Children cannot be taught the language until they understand the word's meaning.
Object Permanence
Egocentric speech
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- A Levels English Language (Child Language Acquisition) Flashcards on Theories, Theorists and Tests, created by sarahsing on 18/01/2015.
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