Flashcards
OCB02-1006-Suture Development
Cards in this deck (15)
- 1What are sutures?A type of fibrous joint between the skull bones
- 2What type of bone is the infant skull made up of?Flat bone
- 3What do sutures do?Absorb mechanical stress
Provide elasticity/movement - 4What is a fontanelle? What can it be used to indicate?A membrane covered spot where 3+ bones converge
A baby's flexible fontanelle can be felt to assess development - 5Why are sutures zigzagged?They are tension adapted and reflect the push and pull of bone growth (eg. tension at sutures from skull growth pushes out, causes new growth)
- 6What determines the orientation of facial growth? Give an exampleThe orientation of sutures
Eg. The downward/forward growth of the maxillary occurs due to suture growth - 7When are facial sutures active?During childhood/adolescence
- 8What are the 2 layers of a suture?1. Cambian layer (osteogenic)
2. Capsular central zone (relatively inert) - 9What is the mechanism of suture formation?Intramembranous ossification
- 10How does the skull develop in the embryo?It starts laterally in the embryo from the neural crest, then grows/ossifies upwards
- 11What occurs during craniosynostosis?The premature fusion of sutures
This leads to restricted growth of the skill, and can also impact face growth - 12FGFR2 causes...Apert syndrome:
-midface malformations
-malocclusion of teeth
-narrow palate
-fused limbs - 13FGFR2/3 causes...Crouzon Syndrome:
- midface hypoplasia (underdevelopment)
- shallow eye orbits
- dental crowding - 14Which two transcription factors can cause craniosynostosis?1. TWIST
2. MSX2 - 15What is the mechanism of craniosynostosis?Too much FGF signalling induces too much TWIST/MSX2 and bone growth
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- Description
- Review the basic mechanisms of craniofacial growth and briefly describe the method of sutural growth. Understand why sutures are tension adapted. Review molecules thought to play a role in sutural growth Discuss the role of genetic and environmental factors in the aetiology of sutural growth pathologies (cranial malformations).
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- Evian Chai
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