Flashcards
National 5 Chemistry-Acids and Bases
Cards in this deck (18)
- 1What does a pH of below 7 indicate?An acidic solution.
- 2What does a pH of above 7 indicate?An alkaline solution.
- 3What does a pH of 7 indicate?A neutral solution.
- 4Why do acidic solution have a oH between 1 and 6?Because they contain H+ ions in greater concentration than in OH- ions.
- 5Why are acids able to conduct electricty?Because all acids contain ions which are free to carry a charge.
- 6State the formulae of some common acidsHydrochloric acid- HCl
Sulphuric acid- H2SO4
Nitric acid- HNO3
Ethanoic acid- CH3COOH - 7What happens when an acid is diluted with water?The concentration of H+ ions is decreased. This increases the pH of the solution toward 7 because the acid is becoming less acidic.
- 8Why do alklaine solutions have a pH between 7 and 14?Because they contain OH- ions in greater concentration than H+ ions.
- 9Why are alkalines able to conduct electricty?Like acids, they contain ions that are free to carry a charge.
- 10What happens when an acid is diluted with water?The concentration of OH- ions is decreased. This decreases the pH of the solution toward 7 because the alkali is becoming less alkaline.
- 11State the formulae of some common alkalisSodium hydroxide- NaOH
Calcium hydroxide- Ca(OH)2
Lithium hydroxide- LiOH - 12How can acids and alkalis be formed?By dissolving different oxides in water. Soluble non-metal oxides produce acids. Soluble metal oxides (bases) produce alkalis.
- 13What does a nutral solution such as water have?Equal concentrations of OH- and H+ ions which cancel each other out. It is because of this small amount of electricity that water can conduct electrcity.
- 14What is neutralisation?The reaction of an acid with a base such as as an alkali, metal oxide, metal hydroxide or carbonate. This moves the pH of the acid upward toward 7 and the pH of the alkali downwards towrd 7. All neutralisations produce water.
- 15State the three main equations for neutralisationAcid + alkali makes salt + water
Acid + base makes salt + water
Acid + carbonate makes salt + water + CO2 - 16How is the salt produced?When the ion of the the acid is replaced by the metal ion of the alkali.
- 17Why is water produced?During neutralisation the H+ ion from the acid joins with the OH- ion from the alkali.
- 18What are spectator ions?Ions that are present during the reaction, but are unchanged by the reaction.
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- CfE Higher Chemistry (Unit1-Chemical Changes and Structure) Flashcards on National 5 Chemistry-Acids and Bases, created by NinaJasT on 19/05/2015.
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