Flashcards
Normative Ethical Theories
Cards in this deck (22)
- 1What does deontological mean?Rightness or wrongness of an act is judged by its conformity to duties, rules and obligations
Deon means duty
Action centred - 2What does teleological mean?Telos means goal
About the end goal
Action centred - 3What does Character based ethics mean?Agent centred
Look at the goodness and badness of the person - 4What are the four fold divisions of law?Eternal law - Comes from God's nature
Divine law - Found through special revelation and church teachings
Natural Moral Law - Discovered through human reason
Human law - Human laws (eg. Legal system) - 5What are the 5 primary precepts?Preserve human life
Reproduce
Educate offspring
Worship God
To live in and ordered society - 6What are some secondary precepts?Masturbation
Contraception
Adultery
Homosexuality - 7What are the four conditions for the double effect?Nature of act
Means - end
Right intention
Proportionality - 8What is proportionality ?Means out way the ends
- 9What are the strengths of proportionalism?Helps with Just War Theory
Common sense - 10What are the weaknesses of NML?It states we all share a common human nature that was created by God which leads to questionable claims about sexuality
Immoral outcomes
Have to believe in God - 11What is Situation ethics?Based on love
Agape - 12What are the 4 presuppositions?Pragmatism - what maximises love in the situation
Relativism - ignore words like always and never as different in every situation
Positivism - We should love one another because love is from God
Personalism - People come before laws - 13What are the strengths of NML?Common rules in an ordered society
acknowledges that people can make mistakes
Natural law is the basis of a lot of things
Adaptable
Development of virtues - 14What are the weaknesses of Proportionality?Some actions can be intrinsically evil
Proportionalism sometimes has to be guess work which makes the authority of NML lost - 15What are the six propositions?Love only is always good
Love is the only norm
Love and justice are the same
Love in not liking
Love justifies its means
Love decides there and then - 16What are the strengths of Fletcher's situation ethics?Love is the centre of this theory
Promotes individual autonomy
Adapts to any changes in history (eg technology)
Focuses on helping people
Promotes social justice - 17What are the weaknesses of Fletcher's situation ethics?A lot of responsibility on the person
Hard to know which action is the most loving
Better used in extreme situations rather than real life
Can have too much love (eg stalker)
People might interpret love differently and may not know it is wrong (eg obsessive parent) - 18What is Virtue Ethics?An ethical theory that looks at virtues when deciding what is right and wrong in a situation
- 19What is eudaimonia?Eternal happiness
- 20What is the doctrine of the mean?The middle between virtue and vices
- 21What are the strengths of virtue ethics?Holistic (whole personality is considered)
Human centred
Follows moral judgement
Follows eudaimonia
It sees human emotions as important - 22What are the weaknesses of virtue ethics?Ignores cultural relativism
His point goes in circles
Difficult to apply virtues to moral dilemmas
People need law and order
Virtuous people can be dull
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- A level Religious Studies Flashcards on Normative Ethical Theories, created by Jess Todd on 05/04/2022.
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- Jess Todd
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