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Psycholgy Test 1: Behavior

Cami McReynolds Psychology 101 Undergraduate English 45 cards

Cards in this deck (45)

  1. 1The initial learning phase in both classical and operant conditioning.Acquisition
  2. 2The degree to which a trait or behavior helps an organism survive.Adaptive Value
  3. 3The scientific study of human behavior.Behaviorism
  4. 4The tendency for animals to be predisposed or inclined to form associations.Biological Preparedness
  5. 5Learning process in which two stimuli become associated with each other; when an originally neutral stimulus is conditioned to elicit an involuntary response.Classical Conditioning
  6. 6The mental image of the layout of a physical space.Cognitive Map
  7. 7An emotional reaction acquired through classical conditioning; process by which an emotional reaction becomes associated with a previously neutral stimulus.Conditioned Emotional Response
  8. 8A learned response to a conditioned stimulus.Conditioned Response (CR)
  9. 9A previously neutral stimulus that an organism learns to associate with an unconditioned stimulus.Conditioned Stimulus (CS)
  10. 10A form of classical conditioning that occurs when an organism learns to associate a particular food or drink with illness.Conditioned Taste Aversion
  11. 11A schedule of reinforcement in which every target behavior is reinforced.Continuous Reinforcement
  12. 12In classical conditioning, the process by which the CR decreases after repeated exposure to the CS i the absence of the US; in operant conditioning, the disappearance of a learned behavior through the removal of its reinforcer.Extinction
  13. 13A schedule in which the reinforcer comes after a preestablished interval of time goes by; the response or behavior is only reinforced after the given interval is over.Fixed-Interval Schedule
  14. 14A schedule in which the subject must exhibit a predetermined number of desired behaviors before a reinforcer is given.Fixed-Ratio Schedule
  15. 15A basic form of learning evident when an organism does not respond as strongly or as often to an event following multiple exposures to it.Habituation
  16. 16With repeated pairings of a conditioned stimulus and a neutral stimulus, the second neutral stimulus becomes a conditioned stimulus.Higher Order Conditioning
  17. 17The tendency for animals to revert to instinctual behaviors after a behavior pattern has been learned.Instinctive Drift
  18. 18Learning that occurs without awareness and regardless of reinforcement, and is not evident until needed.Latent Learning
  19. 19Thorndike's principle stating that behaviors are more likely to be repeated when followed by pleasurable outcomes, and those followed by something unpleasant are less likely to be repeated.Law of Effect
  20. 20A relatively enduring change in behavior or thinking that results from experience.Learning
  21. 21The individual or character whose behavior is being imitated.Model
  22. 22The removal of something desirable following an unwanted behavior, with the intention of decreasing that behavior.Negative Punishment
  23. 23The removal of unpleasant stimulus following a target behavior, which increases the likelihood of occurring again.Negative Reinforcement
  24. 24A stimulus that does not cause a relevant automatic or reflexive response.Neutral Stimulus
  25. 25Learning that occurs as a result of watching the behavior of others.Observational Learning
  26. 26Learning that occurs when voluntary actions become associated with consequences.Operant Conditioning
  27. 27A schedule of reinforcement in which target behaviors are reinforced intermittently, not continuously.Partial Reinforcement
  28. 28The tendency for behaviors acquired through intermittent reinforcement to be more resistant to extinction than those acquired through continuous reinforcement.Partial Reinforcement Effect
  29. 29The addition of something unpleasant following an unwanted behavior, with the intention of decreasing that behavior.Positive Punishment
  30. 30The process by which pleasant reinforcers are added or presented following the targeted behavior, increasing all likelihood of occurring again.Positive Reinforcement
  31. 31Actions that are kind, generous, and benefit others.Pro social Behaviors
  32. 32The application of a consequence that decreases the likelihood of a behavior recurring.Punishment
  33. 33Process by which an organism learns to associate a voluntary behavior with its consequences.Reinforcement
  34. 34Consequences, such as events or objects, that increase the likelihood of a behavior reoccurring.Reinforcers
  35. 35Reinforcers that do not satisfy biological needs but often gain their power through their association with primary reinforcers.Secondary Reinforcer
  36. 36The use of reinforcers to guide behavior to the acquisition of a desired complex behavior.Shaping
  37. 37In classical conditioning, the reappearance of the conditioned response following its extinction; occurs in response to the conditioned stimulus after a period of rest.Spontaneous Recovery
  38. 38An event or occurrence that generally leads to a response.Stimulus
  39. 39The ability to differentiate between a conditioned stimulus and other stimuli sufficiently different from it.Stimulus Discrimination
  40. 40The tendency for stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus to elicit the conditioned response.Stimulus Generalization
  41. 41A method of shaping that uses reinforcers to condition a series of small steps that gradually approach the target behavior.Successive Approximations
  42. 42A reflexive, involuntary response to an unconditioned stimulus.Unconditioned Response (UR)
  43. 43A stimulus that automatically triggers an involuntary response without any needed learning needed.Unconditioned Stimulus (US)
  44. 44A schedule in which the reinforcer comes after an interval of time goes by, but the length of the interval changes from trial to trial.Variable-Interval Schedule
  45. 45A schedule in which the number of desired responses or behaviors that must occur before a reinforcer is given changes across trials and is based on an average number of responses to be reinforcedVariable-Ratio Schedule

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Undergraduate Psychology 101 Flashcards on Psycholgy Test 1: Behavior, created by Cami McReynolds on 01/10/2015.
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Cami McReynolds
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