Flashcards
Science Test Oct 4th 2016
Cards in this deck (32)
- 1What is matter?Anything that has mass and occupies space (has a volume).
- 2What makes up an atom?Protons, neutrons, electrons
- 3Where are the protons of an atom?Nucleus
- 4Where are the neutrons of an atom?B
- 5Where are the electrons of an atom?On the shells, energy levels, orbits
- 6What are moleculesA group of atoms bonded together, representing the smallest fundamental unit of a chemical compound that can take part in a chemical reaction.
- 7How do you write out a ratio of a molecule? Give an exampleWrite the chemical symbol and then the # of atoms it has
EX: H2O = H:2 O:1 - 8Categories of matter: What are the two big categories?They are "pure substances" and
"mixtures" - 9What is "under" pure substances?Elements: a pure substance made up of only one type of atom
Compounds: a pure substance formed by two or more different atoms combining - 10What is "under" mixtures?It is homogeneous and heterogeneous
- 11What are diatomic elements Give examplesElements that cannot be found alone in nature
Ex: I, H, N, Br, O, Cl, F - 12How would you draw a bohr rutherfors diagram?Only put protons and electrons.
You put the amount of protons in the middle and put the electrons on shells starting from 2 then 8 then 8
WITH FULL CIRCLES - 13How do you draw a simplified atomic model?Just a bohr rutherford without full circles (shells)
- 14What is an atomic #?The atomic number of an atom is equal the number of protons it has. The atomic number also indicates the atoms location on the periodic table of elements. (If it is a balanced atom the number of protons will = the number of electrons.)
- 15What is an atomic mass?The atomic mass is (approx..) the number of neutrons + the number of protons. It is shown in amu (atomic mass units.)
- 16Where are the metalloids on the periodic table?They are boron, silicon, gemanium, antimony and polonium
- 17What are the properties of metals- Good conductors
- Malleable
- Ductile
- High melting/boiling points
- Have luster - 18What are the properties of non- metals?- Poor conductors
- React with acids
- Low melting/boiling points - 19What are the groups?- Alkali metals
- Alkaline earth metals
- Halogens
- Noble gases - 20What are the properties of alkali metals? Where are they on the periodic table?They're the most reactive metal family, these must be stored under oil because they react violently with water! They dissolve and create an alkaline, or basic, solution, hence their name.
They are in group 1A - 21What are alkaline earth metals? Where are they on the periodic table?These also are reactive metals, but they don’t explode in water; pastes of these are used in batteries.
Found in rocks. Highly malleable, higher melting point than alkali metals, excellent conductors, can be exposed to air. Found in group 2A - 22What are halogens? Where are they found on the periodic table?Known as the “salt formers,” they are used in modern lighting and always exist as diatomic molecules in their elemental form. Non-metals, corrosive, toxic, highly reactive and form solution when combined with group 1A. They are in group 7A
- 23What are the noble gases? Where are they?Known for their extremely slow reactivity, these were once thought to never react. No odour, colour, low boiling points, gases at room temp, can be found in nature, full orbits, also called: invert gases and rare gases. Found in group 8A
- 24What are the periods?Indicates the number of electron shells
- 25What are groups?Indicates the number of valence electrons in an atom
- 26What is a chemical formula? Give an exampleIncludes the different elements (symbols from the periodic table) and number of atoms (in a subscript) that form a molecule.
Lead (II) nitrate is Pb(NO3)2 - 27What are ions?An ion is an atom that has become electrically charged by losing or gaining one or more electrons.
*Only the electrons change NOT the protons - 28What is the octet rule?Tendency of atoms with fewer than 8 valence e- to react with other atoms in order to fill their outer shell with 8 e- to achieve the stability of the nearest inert gas.
- 29What are the exceptions to this rule?Lithium, beryllium and boron tend to acquire a configuration like that of helium, that is, with one electron shell containing 2 electrons.
- 30Types of compounds Explain them Compounds form because all elements want to have full valence shells (full outermost orbits).
Covalent: non-metal + non-metal
Ionic: metal + non-metal - 31What is a covalent bond?A covalent bond is formed when 2 non-metals share a pair of electrons.
- 32What is an ionic bond?Ionic Bonds form ionic compounds, which form when there is a “give and take of electrons between a metal and a nonmetal in order to obtain a full outer orbit.
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- Grade 8 Science Flashcards on Science Test Oct 4th 2016, created by Halie Mei Jensen on 02/10/2016.
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- Halie Mei Jensen · Oct 2016
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- Dec 20, 2016
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