Flashcards
Introduction
Cards in this deck (17)
- 1Social Contract Ethics 4Rousseau - the presumption of authority of Kings
Human rights imply duties to society - taxes
Rights imply duties - how do animals come into it
Requires JUSTICE for society - 2Justice Ethics 3JOHN RAWLS
Those who draw up the rules should not be aware of their own rank
Scandinavian countries come closest in this - 3Combined Ethical Thinking 7Governs medical services
Deontological - respect all humans as autonomous
Consequentialist - careful consideration of likely outcomes
Virtue - examine underlying motives
Social Contract - duties of individual to society
Justice - fairness for all members of society - 4Ethical Matrix 4Well-being - BENEFICENCE doing the patient good and NON-MALEFICENCE doing the patient no harm BOTH CONSEQUENTIALIST
AUTONOMY - respect for patients aas individuals DEONTOGICAL
JUSTICE fairness to patients - 5Consequentialist 2Judge actions to their likely consequences
The greatest good for the greatest number - 6J.S. Mills 2Moral choice was to do what would benefit the greatest number of people.
Not sure of outcome at the point of choice. - 7Consequentialism and the NHS 4If swapped to insurance - only for those that could afford it, decrease tax.
Restricts availability of very £ new drugs
Obese have to lose weight to gain a hip replacement
benefit to majority is huge and the harm to the minority is tiny - 8Virtue Ethics 2Ideas of motivation
Judges actions according to their intention and practice of virtue
Who would benefit - 9Natural Law and Catholicism 6Theological
Everything has a part in a divine plan
Human virtue of human life
Roman Catholic response to contraception - purpose of sex is reproduction
Homosexual acts are also immoral
Voided if there are other purposes to sexual acts - 10Natural Laws 3Rules of biological existence
Feed and survive and reproduce
Amoral - 11Rights Theories 3Human rights inborn - could be extended to animals
Same rights if suffering from dementia/coma/vegetative
AUTONOMY - the right to choose - 12The Dead-ends of Bioethics Rational Egoism 3Right course of action favours ME
Selfish motivation
Hedonism - for my pleasure - 13The Dead-ends of Bioethics Moral Relativism 3Morality depends on culture
All a matter of opinion so no rights or wrongs
Lincoln and slavery - 14Immanuel Kant 618th century philosopher.
Deontological.
Categorical imperative - overwhelming sense of duty.
Act a way which you would wish to see applied universally.
Treat people as ends in themselves and not solely as a means to an end - no exploitation.
Against including animals. - 15David Sharp 4Carried on to Everest without his group.
Collapsed on descent.
Endanger lives of team who attempted to bring him down.
Commercial influence - pay lots to reach top. - 16The two dimensions of ethical choicesLess personal + more society = conformist
More personal + less society = individualist or rebel
Little personal + little society = rebel - 17Deontological Ethics 2Judges actions according to set moral principles/sense of duty.
May be religious.
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- Degree Bioethics (Introduction) Flashcards on Introduction, created by katy.lynock on 04/05/2013.
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