Flashcards
Philosophy Final
Cards in this deck (24)
- 1Modus Tollens Proof Setup1) If A then B
2) It's not/It is the case that B is right/wrong
3) It's not/it is the case that A is right/wrong - 2What are the Subjective Theories of Criticism (subjective)?1) Personal subjectivism
2) Relativism
3) Intutionism
4) Emotivism
5) Critical Singularism - 3What are the Theories of Interpretation (Instrumentalism)?1) Beardsley
2) Goodman
3) Dickie - 4Argument outline: Give an argument using an instrumental theory of criticism.S: Beardsley and Goodman
R1: Beardsley = Flourishing society
R2: Goodman = Cognitive/art helps the brain
CA: Dickie says they're too simple or too neat
Ref: Dickie only understands his own work. It's too complicated & long - 5Art example for Beardsley's flourishing societyJackson Pollock's 'Summertime number 9A' because it creates a good feeling and a good feeling can create a calm or friendly society
- 6Art example Goodman's cognitive'Woman V' because it shows a manly looking woman who can take on anything. It creates talk amongst society and people to view women differently and it betters society
- 7Outline: Give an argument using subjective theories of criticismS: All of these subjective interpretations are wrong
R1: not personal subj. (write using modus tollens)
R2: not Emotivism (write using modus tollens)
R3: Relativism (cultural relatvism art like masks... the art world says they are art because art world is standard. Not all cultures are same so they cannot be correct).
CA: Crticial Singulrsm = All art is weird & uncomparable
Ref: But you CAN and do compare artworks. There are similarities in art. - 8Outline: Give an argument using the elements of aestheticsS:
- 9What are the elements of aesthetics?1) Intention
2) Symbolism
3) Metaphor
4) Expression - 10Personal Subjectivism1) Subjective theory of INTERPRETATION
2) A person's personal opinion on an art piece
3) it differs from person to person - 11CA to personal subjectivismit is not always that the art critic is correct because only the art world can decide whether or not the art is truly art
- 12Intutionism1) Subjective theory of INTERPRETATION
2) When you think you like something but don't know why...
3) Or when you don't like something and you're uncertain why... a gut feeling you don't understand. - 13CA to IntutionalismThere is no standard. If the person doesn't even know why they feel the way that they feel... then what is the standard to this entire theory? The fact that they don't know is not a strong enough base to make this the right theory. Plus you can always find things out if you don't know.
- 14Emotivism1) Subjective theory of INTERPRETATION
2) The way the art makes someone feel, but nobody else can read that from the person well.
3) The "Boo" or "Hoorah!" theory - 15CA to Emotivism"Mmh" or "Aah" are just emotions, not a good interpretation to use when critquing art. Nobody knows what that means to that person!
- 16Relativism1) subjective Theory of INTERPRETATION
2) Cultural Relativism
3) One culture says their religious mask is not art whereas another culture says that the mask is art - 17CA to RelativismThe art world is the authority on when to say that the one culture's mask or pottery is art or not art
- 18Theories of Interpretation (Instrumentalism)1) Beardsley's Theory
2) Goodman's Theory
3) Dickie's Theory - 19Beardsley's Theory1) Detached
2) No cognitive, and no morality
3) Flourshing society, the art helps influence emotions in society to make them more kind - 20Goodman's theory1) Non-detached
2) Cognitive people
3) People will learn from the art - 21Dickie's Theory1) Too complicated, he's the only one that understands it
2) Assigning numbers to art and comparing them
3) Does not give us an explanation of the art, only numbers - 22Intention1) Element of AESTHETIC
2) The artist may be dead so the intention is up for debate
3) The artist may have gotten the intention wrong as even the art world may have gotten confused - 23Symbolism1) Element of Aesthetics
2) Sometimes symbols are overused in art like the "lamb" of God
3) Sometimes the symbols are portrayed wrong (as in the art "Orange and Yellow" by Mark Rothko) - 24Metaphor1) Element of aesthetics
2) uses "is" not like"
3) a good metaphor or a bad metaphor that makes sense to the viewer or not