Flashcards
computer science - unit 6 - security
Cards in this deck (11)
- 1what is Data security?Data security is ensuring data is protected from malicious attacks, mistakes, technical issues and unavoidable catastrophes is a very important requirement.
- 2what is malicious damage?Data can be intentionally stolen pr destroyed by:
- a DISGRUNTLED EMPLOYEE wants to hurt the company.
- a HACKER who wants to gain or improve their reputation.
- INDUSTRIAL ESPIONAGE - a company attempts to steal secrets from a rival, or damage their data/reputation.
- MALWARE such as ransomware or spyware. - 3How do you keep data secure?- manage USER ACCESS LEVELS.
- use of PASSWORDS that are hard to guess.
- Better management of BACKUPS.
- ARCHIVING of data that is no longer in use. - 4What are access levels?Access levels restrict particular users and machines to only the files they need. You can also control how they can access the files - some files they can read, but not edit or delete. This needs to be administered and updated, and is time consuming, but can prevent disasters.
- 51) What are passwords used for?Passwords are used to ensure that only authorised users have access to the company machines and data. Passwords can also be used to restrict what can be done on a machine.
- 6what is the command that can do a lot of damage?RM* - A root command - its a command that can do a lot of damage, and so requires "root access" to run it. when set up properly, anyone typing a root command would have to supply a root password.
- 72) What else are passwords used for?Passwords are also used to verify a user, and enforce access level. for Passwords to be effective, they must be STRONG. short passwords are weak, as a computer could BRUTE FORCE them. Long passwords take much longer for a computer to brute force,
- 8What are Backups?Backups are a vital part of any organism. For backups to be effective, they must be tested regularly.
A system called "live backups" involves regularly swapping the live version and the backups. - 9what is Backup location?Making your own backups as you work on the same machine can help if you accidentally delete or over-write your work.
A backup to a different machine can help if the machine suffers physical damage.
A backup to a new building or country can help if there is a natural disaster such as an earthquake, or a political upheaval. - 10What are generations?Files generations is a system of storing newer versions of files in the backups while keeping the old versions.Storing every backup for months is going to take a huge amount of space, particularly if there are lots of files in use.
To get round this, sequential backups can be used used:
On the first backup, the entire file is copied
On the next backup, only the changes to the first backup are stored
On the next backup, only the changes to the previous backup are stored…
This means that if a file is not used for a few weeks, no extra backups are created, and even when it is, only a small part of it (the bit that was changed), needs to be stored. - 11what is archiving?Archiving is moving data that is no longer in regular use.
When students leave a school, their user areas are archived - The are moved to a different server for storage.
This frees up space on the fileserver so it won’t fill up.
It still allows files to be found if needed, but it will take longer.
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- GCSE Computing Flashcards on computer science - unit 6 - security, created by tasha eldred on 26/04/2021.
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- tasha eldred
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