Flashcards
Processing Components
Cards in this deck (31)
- 1What is another name for the processor?The Central Processing Unit or CPU
- 2What are the different components of the CPU?Control Unit (CU)
Buses
Arithmetic and Logic Unit (ALU)
Dedicated registers - 3What is the Control Unit?The part of the processor that coordinates the activity of all other components
- 4How are control signals used?They are sent along the control bus between the control unit and the other components of the computer
- 5What is a bus?They consist of a series of connectors that transfer signals between internal components
- 6What are the 3 system buses and what do they carry?Address Bus (carries addresses)
Data Bus (carries data)
Control bus (carries control signals) - 7What do control signals include?Memory read
Memory write
Bus request
Bus grant
Clock - 8What is a memory read used for?It causes data from the addressed location in RAM to be placed on the data bus
- 9What is a memory write used for?It causes data on the data bus to be written into the addressed location in RAM
- 10What is a bus request used for?It indicates that a device is requesting use of the data bus
- 11What is a bus grant used for?It indicates the the CPU has granted access to the data bus
- 12What is a clock used for?It's used to synchronise operations
- 13What is the Arithmetic and Logic Unit?The problem solving part of the processor
- 14What does the ALU perform?Arithmetic, logic and shift operations on data
- 15Where do results from the ALU need to be stored?The accumulator
- 16What are the registers are used by the CPU?Program Counter (PC)
Current Instruction Register (CIR)
Memory Address Register (MAR)
Memory Data Register (MDR)
Accumulator - 17What does the Program Counter do?It holds the memory address of the next instruction to be executed
- 18What does the Current Instruction Register do?It holds the current instruction, which is split into opcode and operand
- 19What does the opcode do?It specifies the operation that is to be carried out
- 20What does the operand do?It holds:
The address of the data to be used, which is then copied to MAR
The actual data to be operated on, which is passed to the MDR - 21What does the Memory Address Register do?It holds the address in memory where the processor is required to fetch or store data from or to
- 22What does the Memory Data Register do?It temporarily holds data moving between the processor and main memory
- 23What does the accumulator do?It holds intermediate results of an instruction
- 24What is the fetch-decode-execute cycle?When processors operate in defined stages that are used to carry out program instructions
- 25What is the first step in the Fetch stage?The address of the next instruction to be processed is copied from the PC to the MAR
- 26What is the second stage in the Fetch stage?The PC is incremented to point to the next instruction that will be needed when the cycle starts again
- 27What is the third stage in the Fetch stage?The instruction stored at the location held by the MAR is copied to the MDR
- 28What is the first step in the Decode stage?The instruction in the CIR is decoded
- 29What is the second stage in the Decode stage?It's split into operand and opcode to determine the type of instruction it is
- 30What is the third stage in the Decode stage?Additional data, if required, is fetched from memory and passed to the accumulator
- 31What is the first and final stage in the Execute stage?The instruction is executed and the result is held in the accumulator or stored in memory
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- A level Computing (Components of a Computer) Flashcards on Processing Components , created by Angela De Leon on 13/09/2022.
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- Angela De Leon
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