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Anatomy Assignment #2

Megan Welsh Anatomy 8 English 75 cards

Cards in this deck (75)

  1. 1An injection of synthetic antibodies imparts active immunity. True or FalseFalse
  2. 2During the primary immune response, B lymphocytes give rise to plasma cells. True or FalseTrue
  3. 3A vaccine against HIV A. is available for those who can't afford it B. may be impossible due to the variability and diversity of HIV. C. consists of cocktails of drugs taken daily. D. prevents opportunistic infections.B. may be impossible due to the variability and diversity of HIV.
  4. 4Newborns can acquire __________ immunity through breast milk. A. specific B. passive C. active D. innateB. Passive
  5. 55. A primary immune response ______, and a secondary immune response ______. A. is very important; is less important to the body's ability to protect itself B. produces antibodies within five to ten days of exposure to antigens; produces antibodies within a day or two of a subsequent exposure to the same antigen C. is very rapid in producing antibodies after exposure to antigens; is very slow in producing antibodies after exposure to antigens D. occurs only in children; occurs only in adultsB. produces antibodies within five to ten days of exposure to antigens; produces antibodies within a day or two of a subsequent exposure to the same antigen.
  6. 66. A newborn is protected against certain digestive and respiratory infections thanks to IgA from the mother's A. milk. B. blood. C. intestine. D. placenta.A. Milk
  7. 77. Following a primary immune response, the cells that give rise to memory cells are A. B cells only. B. T cells only. C. both B cells and T cells. D. neither B cells nor T cells.C. both B cells and T cells
  8. 88. Which of the following are cytokines? A. Antibodies and antigens B. Colony stimulating factors, interferons, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor C. Autoantibodies and immunosuppressants D. Histamine and leukotrienesB. Colony stimulating factors, interferons, interleukins, tumor necrosis factor
  9. 99. The type of resistance that is acquired as a result of developing a disease is A. naturally acquired active immunity. B. artificially acquired active immunity. C. artificially acquired passive immunity. D. naturally acquired passive immunity.A. naturally acquired active immunity
  10. 1010. T lymphocytes are responsible for A. programming macrophages. B. producing antibodies. C. cell-mediated immunity. D. humoral immunity.C. cell-mediated immunity
  11. 1111. Which of the following is part of the adaptive immune response? A. Phagocytosis B. Inflammation C. Production of antibodies D. Synthesis of defensinsC. Production of antibodies
  12. 1212. _________ initiate(s) a cascade effect in response to foreign proteins in the body. A. Antibodies B. Interferon C. The complement system D. Natural killer cellsC. The complement system
  13. 1313. Which of the following is not a mechanical barrier against microorganisms? A. Saliva B. Urine C. Tears D. DiarrheaD. Diarrhea
  14. 1414. The most active phagocytic cells in circulating blood are A. neutrophils and monocytes. B. neutrophils and macrophages. C. monocytes and macrophages. D. lymphocytes and monocytes.A. neutrophils and monocytes
  15. 1515. A virus differs from other pathogens in that it is A. larger. B. more dangerous. C. not capable of reproduction outside a living cell. D. multicellular.C. not capable of reproduction outside a living cell
  16. 1616. Innate defenses are A. fast and non specific. B. slow and non specific. C. fast and specific. D. slow and specific.A. fast and non specific
  17. 1717. T lymphocytes mature in the thymus in response to A. cytokines. B. antibodies. C. interferon. D. thymosins.D. thymosins
  18. 1818. The spleen A. is the largest lymphatic organ. B. contains nodules similar to lymphatic nodules. C. contains many phagocytes. D. all of the above.D. all of the above
  19. 1919. A lymph node consists of A. compartments that contain masses of lymphocytes and macrophages. B. afferent vessels circulating lymph into the node on its convex surface. C. lymph nodules. D. all of the above.D. all of the above
  20. 2020. Lymph nodes are grouped throughout the body except in the A. lungs. B. central nervous system. C. mesentery. D. inguinal connective tissue.B. central nervous system
  21. 2121. Tissue fluid is ______ and lymph is ______. A. forced out of lymph vessels; absorbed into lymph vessels B. forced out of blood plasma; absorbed into blood capillaries C. rich in proteins; rich in proteins and foreign particles D. forced out of blood plasma and generally lacking in proteins; absorbed into lymph capillariesD. forced out of blood plasma and generally lacking in proteins; absorbed into lymph capillaries
  22. 2222. The primary functions of lymph include A. returning proteins to the tissue fluid. B. transporting foreign particles to the kidneys. C. returning proteins to the bloodstream and transporting foreign particles to the lymph nodes. D. carrying oxygen and carbon dioxide.C. returning proteins to the bloodstream and transporting foreign particles to the lymph nodes
  23. 2323. After lymph leaves the collecting ducts, it enters _____ and becomes part of the ______. A. arteries; serum B. capillaries; blood supply C. veins; plasma D. lymph nodes; lymphatic trunksC. veins; plasma
  24. 2424. From the stomach, food passes into the duodenum, then the jejunum, and then the ileum. True FalseTrue
  25. 2525. Bile salts function as digestive enzymes to break down fatty acids. True FalseFalse
  26. 2626. Bile is composed of HCl, pepsin, mucus, and intrinsic factor. True FalseFalse
  27. 27The hepatic duct connects the gallbladder to the bile duct. True FalseFalse
  28. 2828. The pyloric sphincter serves as a valve that controls the movement of food between the esophagus and stomach. True FalseFalse
  29. 2929. A set of primary teeth consists of 20 teeth, whereas a set of secondary teeth consists of 32 teeth. True FalseTrue
  30. 3030. One of the functions of the large intestine is to A. secrete digestive enzymes. B. absorb ingested water. C. regulate the release of bile. D. break down hemoglobin.B. absorb ingested water
  31. 3131. ________ pick up cholesterol from the peripheral tissues and return it to the liver. A. VLDLs B. LDLs C. HDLs D. TriglyceridesC. HDLs
  32. 3232. Which of the following is the correct sequence for the digestion and absorption of lipids? 1. Formation of chylomicrons 2. Emulsification by bile 3. Dissolved in the epithelial cell membrane 4. Hydrolysis by pancreatic lipase 5. Movement into lacteal ducts A. 4, 3, 2, 1, 5 B. 2, 4, 3, 1, 5 C. 2, 1, 4, 3, 5 D. 3, 2, 4, 5, 1B. 2,4,3,1,5
  33. 3333. Bile salts function like detergents in that they ___________ fat globules. A. emulsify B. coagulate C. digest D. liquefyA. emulsify
  34. 3434. The common hepatic duct and the cystic duct unite to form the A. common bile duct. B. hepatic duct. C. hepatopancreatic duct. D. pancreatic duct.A. common bile duct
  35. 3535. Functions of the liver include A. maintaining blood glucose concentration. B. formation of urea. C. secretion of bile. D. all of the above.D. all of the above
  36. 3636. Secretion of cholecystokinin from the intestinal wall is stimulated by A. protein in the stomach. B. protein in the small intestine. C. fat in the stomach. D. protein and fat in the small intestine.D. protein and fat in the small intestine
  37. 3737. Matthew takes a drug that inhibits the production of HCl in the stomach to ease the symptoms of a gastric ulcer. If he takes it for a long time, digestion of which nutrient would be affected the most? A. Carbohydrates B. Lipids C. Proteins D. MineralsC. Proteins
  38. 3838. It is good that Emily does not remember being a newborn, because she was miserable, vomiting frequently. An X-ray revealed hypertrophic pyloric stenosis. The problem in Emily's digestive system, before surgery helped her, was A. an extra stomach. B. overgrowth of muscle that blocked the passageway from the stomach to the small intestine. C. absence of the pyloris. D. a peptic ulcer.B. overgrowth of muscle that blocked the passageway from the stomach to the small intestine
  39. 3939. Elliot thought that his peptic ulcers were caused by his nagging parents, and was surprised when the doctor handed him a prescription for medication to treat A. a bacterial infection. B. a viral infection. C. a too high pH. D. excess bile.A. a bacterial infection
  40. 4040. The functions of saliva include A. moistening, binding and building up food particles; beginning chemical digestion of carbohydrates; and cleansing the esophagus. B. moistening, binding and dissolving food particles; beginning chemical digestion of proteins; and cleansing the esophagus. C. moistening, binding and building up food particles; beginning mechanical digestion of fats; and cleansing the teeth and mouth. D. moistening, binding and dissolving food particles; beginning chemical digestion of carbohydrates; and cleansing the teeth and mouth.D. moistening, binding and dissolving food particles; beginning chemical digestion of carbohydrates; and cleansing the teeth and mouth
  41. 4141. The mechanical breakup of food particles in the mouth is called A. mastication. B. salivation. C. peristalsis. D. absorption.A. mastication
  42. 4242. Peristalsis occurs in the digestive tract A. from the pharynx to the anus. B. in the stomach and small intestine only. C. in the small and large intestines only. D. in the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine.A. from the pharynx to the anus
  43. 4343. The _______ is the layer of the alimentary canal that absorbs nutrients. A. mucosa B. submucosa C. muscular layer D. serosaA. mucosa
  44. 4444. The correct sequence for the layers in the walls of the alimentary canal from innermost to outermost is the A. mucosa, muscular layer, serosa, submucosa. B. mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer, serosa. C. serosa, muscular layer, mucosa, submucosa. D. submucosa, mucosa, serosa, muscular layer.B. mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer, serosa.
  45. 4545. The digestive system A. ingests food, propels food, mechanically and chemically breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and defecates the remainder. B. mechanically and chemically assembles food from absorbed nutrients. C. sends cellular debris to lysosomes. D. absorbs nutrients in the mouth, pharynx, esophagus and stomach, and releases nutrients in the intestines.A. ingests food, propels food, mechanically and chemically breaks down food, absorbs nutrients, and defecates the remainder
  46. 4646. A group of girls at a middle school are all suffering from anorexia nervosa. One girl's counselor tells her that it is a serious illness, from which 15 to 21 percent of sufferers die. The counselor is correct. True FalseTrue
  47. 4747. Kwashiorkor tends to affect adolescent girls from well-to-do families who perceive themselves as being too fat. True FalseFalse
  48. 4848. About 75% of the minerals in the body are in bones and teeth as calcium and phosphorus, and homeostatic mechanisms regulate their concentrations. True FalseTrue
  49. 4949. Vitamin D deficiency in children produces scurvy. True FalseFalse
  50. 5050. Vitamins directly provide energy. True FalseFalse
  51. 5151. Fat-soluble vitamins dissolve in water, are very sensitive to the effects of heat, and are easily destroyed by cooking or food processing. True FalseFalse
  52. 5252. Obesity is defined as a BMI over 30. True FalseTrue
  53. 5353. Essential amino acids are those required by the body to build proteins, whereas nonessential amino acids are not required by the body to build proteins. True FalseFalse
  54. 5454. A complete protein has adequate amounts of the essential amino acids. True FalseTrue
  55. 5555. Glycogen in an adult's liver and muscles provides enough reserve energy to meet energy demands for about 12 hours. True FalseTrue
  56. 5656. Monica doesn't eat anything that was once in an animal. She is an ovo-vegetarian. True FalseFalse
  57. 5757. Macronutrients are carbohydrates, fats, and proteins. True FalseTrue
  58. 5858. The ingredients listed on the label of a packaged food A. are listed from most to least tasty. B. are listed in increasing order by weight. C. are listed in decreasing order by weight. D. are listed alphabetically.C. are listed in decreasing order by weight
  59. 5959. Medical conditions that affect the ability to obtain adequate nutrition include A. tooth decay. B. depression. C. periodontal disease. D. all of the above.D. all of the above
  60. 6060. Which of the following terms is (are) defined correctly? A. Adequate diet-diet that provides sufficient energy and essential nutrients for growth, maintenance, and repair of tissues B. Malnutrition-poor nutrition that results from a lack of essential nutrients C. Bulimia-binging and purging D. All of the aboveD. all of the above
  61. 6161. Which trace element and function is correctly matched? A. Iron-part of hemoglobin molecule B. Iodine-constituent of several enzymes involved in digestion C. Zinc-needed in blood clotting process D. Manganese-essential component for synthesis of thyroid hormonesA. Iron-part of hemoglobin molecule
  62. 6262. People suffering mineral deficiencies sometimes compulsively eat non-nutritive substances, such as laundry starch, dirt, hair, and clay. This condition is called A. anorexia. B. obsessive-compulsive disorder. C. pica. D. pernicious anemia.C. pica
  63. 6363. Excess calcium in the diet causes A. deposition of calcium in soft tissue. B. brittle teeth. C. cracked fingernails. D. stunted growth.A. deposition of calcium in soft tissue
  64. 6464. Intrinsic factor regulates the absorption of A. biotin. B. folacin. C. vitamin B6. D. vitamin B12.D. Vitamin B12
  65. 6565. Which of the following vitamins can promote intestinal absorption of calcium and phosphorus? A. A B. K C. Niacin D. DD. D
  66. 6666. Excess intake of which vitamin could possibly lead to irreversible renal damage? A. Vitamin C B. Vitamin B12 C. Vitamin B1 D. Vitamin DD. Vitamin D
  67. 6767. The fat-soluble vitamins include A. vitamin C. B. the B-complex vitamins. C. vitamins A, D, and K. D. A, E, C and the B vitamins.C. vitamins A, D, and K
  68. 6868. Treatment with antibiotic drugs is sometimes followed by a deficiency of vitamin A. A. B. C. C. D. D. K.D. K
  69. 6969. BMI measures A. weight in proportion to height. B. the amount of body fat. C. volume in proportion to area. D. the basal metabolic rate.A. weight in proportion to height
  70. 7070. There are __ essential amino acids needed for adults. A. 2 B. 4 C. 6 D. 8D. 8
  71. 7171. A negative nitrogen balance results from a net loss of A. monosaccharides. B. amino acids. C. genes. D. macronutrients.B. amino acids
  72. 7272. Which of the following provide(s) a source of complete proteins? A. Eggs B. Corn C. Rice D. WheatA. Eggs
  73. 7373. Cells of the ______ system require a continuous supply of glucose. A. muscular B. respiratory C. digestive D. nervousD. nervous
  74. 7474. Vanessa takes many vitamin supplements, claiming that they give her energy. She is mistaken, because cells preferentially use _______ for energy. A. minerals B. amino acids C. proteins D. carbohydratesD. carbohydrates
  75. 7575. After eating, _________ signals the hypothalamus to suppress appetite. A. ghrelin B. neuropeptide Y C. leptin D. pepsinC. leptin

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8 Anatomy Flashcards on Anatomy Assignment #2, created by Megan Welsh on 29/10/2015.
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Megan Welsh
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