Flashcards
Organic chemistry definitions
Cards in this deck (22)
- 1HYDROCARBONSOrganic compounds that contain only carbon and hydrogen
- 2SATURATED HYDROCARBONSHydrocarbons which only contain single bonds
- 3UNSATURATED HYDROCARBONSHydrocarbons which contain one or more double carbon-to-carbon bonds
- 4ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONHydrocarbon with atoms joined together in straight or branched chains
- 5ALICYCLIC HYDROCARBONSHydrocarbon with atoms joined together in a ring structure
- 6FUNCTIONAL GROUPPart of the organic molecule responsible for its chemical reactions
- 7HOMOLOGOUS SERIESSeries of organic compounds with the same functional group but with each successive member differing by CH2
- 8ALKANESThe homologous series with the general formula C(n)H(2n+2)
- 9ALKYL GROUPAlkane with a hydrogen atom removed, often shown as "R"
- 10NOMENCLATURESystem of naming compounds
- 11GENERAL FORMULASimplest algebraic formula of a member of a homologous series
- 12DISPLAYED FORMULAShows the relative positioning of all the atom in a molecule and the bonds between them
- 13STRUCTURAL FORMULAShows the minimal detail for the arrangement of atoms in a molecule
- 14SKELETAL FORMULASimplified organic formula, with hydrogen atoms removed from alkyl chains, leaving just a carbon skeleton and associated functional groups
- 15STRUCTURAL ISOMERSMolecules with the same molecular formula but different structural arrangements of atoms
- 16STEREOISOMERSCompounds with the same structural formula but with a different arrangement of the atoms in space
- 17HOMOLYTIC FISSIONBreaking of a covalent bond, with one of the bonded electrons going to each atom forming two radicals
- 18RADICALSpecies with an unpaired electron
- 19HETEROLYTIC FISSIONBreaking of a covalent bond, with both of the bonded electrons going to one of the atoms forming a cation and an anion
- 20NUCLEOPHILEAn atom that is attracted to an electron deficient centre or atom, where it donates a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond
- 21ELECTROPHILEAn atom that os attracted to an electron rich centre or atom, where it accepts a pair of electrons to form a new covalent bond.
- 22ADDITION REACTIONReaction in which a reactant is added to an unsaturated molecule to make a saturated molecule
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- izzy.munden · Feb 2014
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- Dec 19, 2016
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